M/305;M/351 - M/305;M/351

This European Standard gives elements to establish methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with the assessment of human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. The major intention of this Basic Standard is to give the common background and information to relevant EMF standards. This Basic Standard cannot go into details extensively due to the broad frequency range and the huge amount of possible applications. Therefore it is not possible to specify detailed calculation or measurement procedures in this Basic Standard. This standard provides general procedures only for those product and workplace categories for which there do not exist any relevant assessment procedures in any existing European EMF basic standard. If there exists an applicable European EMF standard focused on specific product or workplace categories then the assessment shall follow that standard. If an applicable European EMF standard does not exist, but an applicable assessment procedure in another European EMF standard does exist, then that assessment procedure shall be used. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated in free space, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that forms the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on - definitions and terminology, - characteristics of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, - measurement of exposure quantities, - instrumentation requirements, - methods of calibration, - measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, - calculation methods for exposure assessment.

This European Standard gives elements to establish methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with the assessment of human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. The major intention of this Basic Standard is to give the common background and information to relevant EMF standards. This Basic Standard cannot go into details extensively due to the broad frequency range and the huge amount of possible applications. Therefore it is not possible to specify detailed calculation or measurement procedures in this Basic Standard. This standard provides general procedures only for those product and workplace categories for which there do not exist any relevant assessment procedures in any existing European EMF basic standard. If there exists an applicable European EMF standard focused on specific product or workplace categories then the assessment shall follow that standard. If an applicable European EMF standard does not exist, but an applicable assessment procedure in another European EMF standard does exist, then that assessment procedure shall be used. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated in free space, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that forms the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on • definitions and terminology, • characteristics of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, • measurement of exposure quantities, • instrumentation requirements, • methods of calibration, • measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, • calculation methods for exposure assessment.

This product family standard applies to equipment for resistance welding, arc welding and allied processes designed for use in industrial or domestic environments, including welding power sources, wire feeders and ancillary equipment, e.g. torches, liquid cooling systems and arc striking and stabilising devices. NOTE 1 Allied processes are for example resistance hard and soft soldering, resistance heating by means comparable to resistance welding equipment, electric arc cutting and arc spraying. The frequency range covered is 0 Hz to 300 GHz. This product family standard may be used to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of Directive 2006/95/EC [1] (needed for placing electric welding equipment on the European market), with regard to the limitation of human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF). There are additional requirements in the Directive, which are not included in this product family standard. NOTE 2 The Directive 2006/95/EC [1], Article 2, stipulates that the Member States take all appropriate measures to ensure that electrical equipment may be placed on the market only if, having been constructed in accordance with good engineering practice in safety matters in force in the Community. This product family standard may also be used for assessment regarding the requirements of Directive 2004/40/EC [3] on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields) or Recommendation 1999/519/EC [2] on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields, provided that no other relevant field sources are present in close proximity. If other relevant field sources are present, additional assessment is necessary. NOTE 3 It should be noted that the supplier of specific equipment might not know the overall exposure environment in which the equipment is being used. This product family standard can only be used to assess human exposure from the specific equipment under evaluation when being used in accordance with the suppliers guidelines. NOTE 4 Assessment procedures for workplaces with multiple field-sources may be found in EN 50499 [7]. Other standards may apply to products covered by this product family standard. In particular this standard can not be used to demonstrate electromagnetic compatibility with other equipment; nor does it specify any product safety requirements other than those specifically related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields. NOTE 5 Procedures to demonstrate compliance are not specified for the whole frequency range.

This European Standard applies to equipment for arc welding and allied processes designed for use in industrial or domestic environments, including welding power sources, wire feeders and ancillary equipment, e.g. torches, liquid cooling systems and arc striking and stabilising devices.

This European Standard specifies procedures for assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields produced by industrial and professional induction heating equipment.

This product family standard applies to equipment for resistance welding, arc welding and allied processes designed for use in industrial or domestic environments, including welding power sources, wire feeders and ancillary equipment, e.g. torches, liquid cooling systems and arc striking and stabilising devices.

This European Standard specifies procedures for assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields produced by industrial and professional induction heating equipment. NOTE This European Standard does not apply to household appliances. Typical induction heating applications are for example: - melting; - zone-melting; - heating before hot forming; - heating by tunnel-inductor; - hardening / coaxial transformer handheld devices; - tube welding; - tube annealing; - hardening; - soldering; - hard-soldering /brazing; - bonding; - annealing; - metal-strip and wire heating; - tempering; - sintering; - shrinking. This product standard covers the frequency range up to 30 MHz taking into account the specific characteristics of industrial and professional induction heating equipment and its usage. This European Standard may also be used for assessment regarding the requirements of Directive 2004/40/EC [1] on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields), provided that no other relevant field sources are present in close proximity. If other field sources are present, additional assessment according to EN 50499:2008 is necessary. This European Standard does not cover protective measures for people with active implants.

This European Standard applies to equipment for resistance welding and allied processes designed for use in industrial or domestic environments. NOTE 1 Typical allied processes are resistance hard and soft soldering or resistance heating achieved by means comparable to resistance welding equipment. This European Standard establishes a suitable evaluation method for determining the electromagnetic fields in the space around the equipment and defines standardized operating conditions and measuring distances. It provides a method to show conformity with guidelines or requirements concerning human exposure to electromagnetic fields. The Directive 2006/95/EC of the European Parliament and the Council [1], Article 2, stipulates that the Member States take all appropriate measures to ensure that electrical equipment may be placed on the market only if, having been constructed in accordance with good engineering practice in safety matters in force in the Community, it does not endanger the safety of persons, domestic animals or property when properly installed and maintained and used in applications for which is was made. The principal elements of those safety objectives are listed in Annex I Clause 2.b. This standard may be used in conjunction with EN 50445 for demonstration of conformity to the Council Directive with reference to human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF). There are additional requirements covered by Article 2 and Annex I Clause 2.b, which are not included in this document. The Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC [2] provides Basic Restrictions and Derived reference levels for exposure of the general public. This standard may be used for demonstration of resistance welding equipment conformity to the Council Recommendation on this basis, but there may be additional specific national or international requirements which are not included. The ICNIRP Guidelines [3], on limits of exposure to static magnetic fields as well as for limiting exposure in time varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, provide Basic restrictions and Derived reference levels for both occupational and general exposure. This standard may be used for demonstration of equipment conformity to ICNIRP Guidelines on this basis, but there may be additional national or international requirements which are not included. It is also possible to use this document as a basis to demonstrate conformity of resistance welding equipment to other national and international guidelines or requirements with regard to human exposure from EMF, for example Council Directive 2004/40/EC [4] on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risk arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields), or the requirements of the Directive 98/37/EC [5]. In these cases, other restrictions and levels than those referenced above may be used. Other standards may apply to equipment covered by this standard. In particular this standard can not be used to demonstrate electromagnetic compatibility with other equipment; nor does it specify any product safety requirements other than those specifically related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields. The frequency range covered is 0 Hz to 300 GHz.

This European Standard applies to equipment for arc welding and allied processes designed for use in industrial or domestic environments, including welding power sources, wire feeders and ancillary equipment, e.g. torches, liquid cooling systems and arc striking and stabilising devices. NOTE Allied processes are for example electric arc cutting and arc spraying. This standard specifies procedures for assessment of electromagnetic fields produced by arc welding equipment and defines standardized operating conditions and test set-ups. This standard may be used as a basis to demonstrate compliance to national and international guidelines or requirements with regard to human exposure to EMF from arc welding equipment [1] [2]. Other standards may apply to products covered by this standard. In particular this standard can not be used to demonstrate electromagnetic compatibility with other equipment; nor does it specify any product safety requirements other than those specifically related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields.