ASTM F818-93(2003)
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Spill Response Barriers
Standard Terminology Relating to Spill Response Barriers
SCOPE
1.1 This document defines the terminology used in the field of spill response barriers. Only those terms commonly used or peculiar to this field have been included; no attempt has been made to list all terms used. Where a second term is in common use, "aka" is used to mean "also known as."
1.2 Design, engineering, and performance terms are listed separately: barrier design terminology (3.1), barrier engineering terminology (3.2), and barrier performance terminology (3.3).
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Designation:F818–93 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Spill Response Barriers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 818; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope calm water boom—boom intended for use in calm waters (see
Practice F 625 for environmental descripters).
1.1 This document defines the terminology used in the field
“curtain type” boom—boom consisting of a flexible skirt
of spill response barriers. Only those terms commonly used or
supported by flotation.
peculiar to this field have been included; no attempt has been
“fence type” boom—boom consisting of a self-supporting or
made to list all terms used. Where a second term is in common
stiffened membrane supported by flotation.
use, “aka” is used to mean “also known as.”
fire resistant boom (aka fire containment boom)—boom
1.2 Design, engineering, and performance terms are listed
intended for containment of burning oil slicks.
separately: barrier design terminology (3.1), barrier engineer-
ice boom—boom intended for use in ice-infested waters,
ing terminology (3.2), and barrier performance terminology
designed to withstand effects of ice contact.
(3.3).
inflatable boom—boom that uses inflated gas-filled chambers
2. Referenced Documents as the flotation.
net boom—special purpose boom in which all or part of the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
membrane material is netting.
F 625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Con-
open water boom—boom intended for use in open waters (see
trol Systems
Practice F 625 for environmental descripters).
3. Terminology
permanent boom—boom intended for long-term or perma-
nent deployment.
3.1 Barrier Design Terminology—Terms associated with
plunging water jet barrier—special purpose barrier created
Spill Response Barrier Design:
by a series of coherent streams of water directed vertically
General
downward into a body of water.
protected water boom—boom intended for use in protected
boom—floating mechanical barrier used to control the move-
waterswithmoderateenvironmentalconditions(seePractice
ment of substances that float.
F 625 for environmental descripters).
boom section—length of boom between two end connectors.
river boom (aka fast water boom)—boom intended for use in
boom segment—repetitive identical portion of the boom
currents greater than 1 knot.
section.
shore seal boom—boom that, when grounded, seals against
the shoreline.
Types
silt barrier—boom with very deep skirt used to control the
air bubble barrier—special-purpose barrier created by rising
movement of suspended sediments.
stream of air bubbles and entrained water, produced by
sorbent boom—sorbent material contained or arranged in the
injecting air at some depth below water surface.
form of a long cylinder.
bottom-tension boom—boom with tension member located
special purpose boom—boom that departs from the general
along the bottom of the skirt.
characteristics of “fence type” and “curtain type” booms,
either in design or intended use.
submersible boom—boomthatnormallyresidesontheseabed
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of
andispositionedbyinflatingwithair,causingittorisetothe
Subcommittee F20.11 on Control. Current edition approved May 15, 1993.
water surface.
Published July 1993. Originally published as F 818 – 84. Last previous edition
water jet barrier—barrier created by stream of pressurized
F 818 – 86.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or water spray directed across the water surface.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
weir boom (aka skimming boom/barrier)—boom that has a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
weir skimming device(s) built into its face.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F818–93 (2003)
Components compactibility—measure of a boom’s storage volume per unit
length (m /m).
accessories—optional mechanical devices used on or in con-
draft—minimum vertical depth of the membrane below the
junction with a boom system but not included with the basic
water line.
boom and end connector; for example, lights, paravanes,
freeboard—minimum vertical height of the boom above the
drogues,buoys,anchorsystems,storagebags,boxesorreels,
waterline.
bulkhead connectors or repair kits, and so forth.
height—sum of draft and freeboard.
anchor point—structural point on the end connector or along
maximum draft—maximum vertical dimension of the boom
the length of a boom section designed for the attachment of
below the water line.
anchor or mooring lines.
overall height—maximum vertical dimension of boom.
ancillary equipment—mechanical devices essential to the
3.2 Barrier Engineering Terminology—Terms associated
operation of a given boom system; for example, air pumps,
with Spill Barrier Engineering:
hydraulic power supplies, control manifolds, and so forth.
catenary drag force—load imposed on a boom, deployed in a
ballast—weight applied to the skirt to improve boom perfor-
catenary configuration, resulting from towing, current,
mance.
and/or wind forces.
bridle—device attached to a boom to distribute the load
current response—change in freeboard or draft due to current
exerted by towing or anchoring the boom.
forces acting to displace the boom from rest.
buoyancy chamber (aka flotation chamber)—enclosed com-
gross buoyancy—weight of fresh water displaced by a boom
partment of air or other buoyant material providing flotation
totally submerged.
for the boom.
gross buoyancy to weight ratio—gross buoyancy divided by
end connector—device permanently attached to the boom
boom weight.
used for joining boom sections to one aother or to other
...
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