ASTM D7793-24

Standard Specification for Insulated Vinyl Siding

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for insulated vinyl siding, which is vinyl siding with integral foam plastic insulating material, where the vinyl siding is manufactured from rigid PVC compound. Compliance with this standard requires insulated vinyl siding to demonstrate a thermal insulation value of R-2.0 or greater. Other performance requirements and test methods addressed by this standard include materials properties and dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact strength, expansion, appearance, thermal distortion resistance, flame spread, and windload resistance. Methods of indicating compliance with this specification are also provided.
Note 1: Insulated vinyl siding is composed of two major components: the vinyl siding and the insulating material. It is intended that the vinyl siding portion comply with Specification D3679. Applicable portions of Specification D3679 are included in this specification. Additional requirements that pertain only to the insulation as a separate material, or to the combination of vinyl siding and insulation as a whole, are also included. For further explanation, see Appendix X1.  
1.2 Insulated vinyl siding shall be tested with the insulation material in place or removed, as specified in the applicable requirement or test method.  
1.3 The use of PVC recycled plastic in this product shall be in accordance with the requirements in Section ‎4.  
1.4 Insulated vinyl siding produced to this specification shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions for the specific product to be installed.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2024
• ICS: 29.035.20 - Plastics and rubber insulating materials
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.24 - Plastic Building Products

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D7793-21 - Standard Specification for Insulated Vinyl Siding
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM D5206-24 - Standard Test Method for Windload Resistance of Rigid Plastic Siding
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM D3679-24 - Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM D3679-21 - Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2021
• Refers: ASTM D5206-19 - Standard Test Method for Windload Resistance of Rigid Plastic Siding
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D8484-23 - Standard Specification for Plastic Lumber Materials and Wood-Plastic Composite Materials Used as Exterior Wall Coverings
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Referred By: ASTM D7445-18 - Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding with Foam Plastic Backing (Backed Vinyl Siding)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024

Overview

ASTM D7793-24, titled Standard Specification for Insulated Vinyl Siding, is a specification published by ASTM International that defines requirements for insulated vinyl siding products. Insulated vinyl siding consists of a rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) siding panel combined with an integral foam plastic insulating material. This standard establishes essential performance criteria, material properties, dimensional requirements, and test methods to ensure reliable product quality and in-service performance.

The standard aims to promote consistency, safety, and energy efficiency for insulated vinyl siding, with a particular emphasis on a minimum thermal insulation value (R-value) of R-2.0 or higher. ASTM D7793-24 is applicable to all insulated vinyl siding manufactured from rigid PVC compounds and includes detailed requirements for both the siding and the insulating materials.

Key Topics

Main requirements and test areas addressed in ASTM D7793-24:

• Thermal Insulation Performance: Must achieve an R-value of 2.0 or greater.
• Material Composition: Specifies requirements for rigid PVC and foam plastic types (expanded/extruded polystyrene, polyisocyanurate).
• Physical and Mechanical Properties: Includes standards for warp, shrinkage, impact strength, expansion, and weatherability.
• Flame Spread and Fire Safety: Limits set for flame spread and smoke development.
• Windload Resistance: Test procedures and minimum strength values for performance under wind pressure.
• Dimensional Tolerances: Requirements for length, width, and thickness of siding panels.
• Installation and Compliance: Must be installed as per manufacturer’s instructions.
• Use of Recycled PVC: Specifies permitted use and related requirements for recycled content.

Applications

Insulated vinyl siding products conforming to ASTM D7793-24 are primarily used as exterior cladding materials for residential and light commercial buildings. Key benefits and usage scenarios include:

• Energy Efficiency Upgrades: By meeting the set R-value, products help reduce heating and cooling loads, contributing to lower energy bills and improved comfort.
• Weather Resistance: Enhanced durability against common environmental stresses such as wind, rain, and temperature fluctuations.
• Building Code Compliance: Meets the technical requirements cited in widely adopted model building codes (e.g., International Residential Code, International Building Code).
• Sustainable Construction: Allows for the use of recycled PVC where compliant, supporting green building practices.
• Aesthetic and Protective Value: Provides a visually appealing façade while protecting underlying structures from moisture and thermal stress.

Builders, architects, contractors, and product manufacturers use ASTM D7793-24 as a reference to verify product suitability, conduct quality assurance, and facilitate code approvals or third-party certifications.

Related Standards

Several standards are referenced within ASTM D7793-24, and understanding their connection adds to practical use and compliance:

• ASTM D3679: Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding - base requirements for the siding component.
• ASTM C578, C591, C1289: Specifications for foam plastic insulating materials used in insulated siding.
• ASTM D4756: Practice for Installation of Rigid PVC Siding and Soffit-provides installation instructions (although withdrawn, still referenced).
• ASTM D635 & ASTM E84: Test methods for flame spread of plastic materials.
• ASTM D4226: Methods for impact resistance of rigid PVC products.
• ASTM D5206: Test methodology for windload resistance of siding.
• ICC-ES AC05: Acceptance criteria related to sandwich panel adhesives.
• 16 CFR Part 460: US federal requirements on labeling home insulation R-values.
• VSI Vinyl Siding Installation Manual: Industry best practices for installation.

Summary

Adopting ASTM D7793-24 ensures insulated vinyl siding products meet rigorous standards for insulation value, durability, and safety, supporting both energy efficiency and performance in exterior cladding applications. This standard is critical for manufacturers, specifiers, and builders seeking reliable insulated vinyl siding solutions that comply with evolving building codes and energy standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7793 − 24
Standard Specification for
Insulated Vinyl Siding
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7793; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for insulated
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
vinyl siding, which is vinyl siding with integral foam plastic
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
insulating material, where the vinyl siding is manufactured
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
from rigid PVC compound. Compliance with this standard
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
requires insulated vinyl siding to demonstrate a thermal insu-
lation value of R-2.0 or greater. Other performance require-
2. Referenced Documents
ments and test methods addressed by this standard include
2.1 ASTM Standards:
materials properties and dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact
C297/C297M Test Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of
strength, expansion, appearance, thermal distortion resistance,
Sandwich Constructions
flame spread, and windload resistance. Methods of indicating
C578 Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal
compliance with this specification are also provided.
Insulation
NOTE 1—Insulated vinyl siding is composed of two major components:
the vinyl siding and the insulating material. It is intended that the vinyl
C591 Specification for Unfaced Preformed Rigid Cellular
siding portion comply with Specification D3679. Applicable portions of
Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation
Specification D3679 are included in this specification. Additional require-
C1199 Test Method for Measuring the Steady-State Thermal
ments that pertain only to the insulation as a separate material, or to the
Transmittance of Fenestration Systems Using Hot Box
combination of vinyl siding and insulation as a whole, are also included.
Methods
For further explanation, see Appendix X1.
C1289 Specification for Faced Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanu-
1.2 Insulated vinyl siding shall be tested with the insulation
rate Thermal Insulation Board
material in place or removed, as specified in the applicable
C1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building
requirement or test method.
Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot
1.3 The use of PVC recycled plastic in this product shall be
Box Apparatus
in accordance with the requirements in Section 4.
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
1.4 Insulated vinyl siding produced to this specification
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and
shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
installation instructions for the specific product to be installed. D696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expan-
sion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Silica Dilatometer
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D1042 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Plastics Caused by Exposure to Heat and Moisture
and are not considered standard.
D1183 Practices for Resistance of Adhesives to Cyclic
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Laboratory Aging Conditions
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D1435 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Coordinates
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. D2457 Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Films and
Solid Plastics
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.24 on Plastic Building
Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2024. Published April 2024. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D7793 – 21. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI:10.1520/D7793-24. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7793 − 24
D3679 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) 3.1.3 insulation; insulating material—foam plastic material
Siding that is combined at the factory with a vinyl siding profile to
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics form insulated vinyl siding.
D4226 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Rigid Poly-
3.1.4 insulated vinyl siding—a vinyl cladding product sold
(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Building Products
with manufacturer-installed foam plastic insulating material as
D5206 Test Method for Windload Resistance of Rigid Plas-
an integral part of the cladding product. The vinyl cladding
tic Siding
portion of insulated vinyl siding meets the definition of vinyl
D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
siding.
Plastics Specimens
3.1.5 nominal—the value that a manufacturer consistently
D7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, and
uses to represent a specific property or dimension of a vinyl
Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (With-
siding product in public claims including, but not limited to,
drawn 2015)
product literature, advertisements, quotations, and certificates
D7445 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
of conformance.
Siding with Foam Plastic Backing (Backed Vinyl Siding)
3.1.6 process average thickness—the rolling, arithmetic
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
mean of average specimen thicknesses measured in accordance
Building Materials
with 6.5 for a specific product during all productions runs for
E1753 Practice for Use of Qualitative Chemical Spot Test
the most recent six-month period.
Kits for Detection of Lead in Dry Paint Films
G147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetal- 3.1.7 vertical coverage—The net vertical distance of the
lic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
wall covered by a single insulated vinyl siding panel, disre-
garding any portions of the panel that are overlapped by
2.2 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE):
ASCE 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other adjacent panels above or below.
Structures
3.1.8 temperate northern climate—in weather testing, a
2.3 International Code Council
North American metropolitan area testing site located within
International Building Code
73 to 100°W longitude and 37 to 45°N latitude.
International Residential Code
3.1.9 vinyl siding—a shaped material, made principally
2.4 International Code Council–Evaluation Services (ICC-
from rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), that is used to clad
ES):
exterior walls of buildings. In this standard, vinyl siding refers
AC05 Acceptance Criteria for Sandwich Panel Adhesives
to the rigid profile to which the insulation is attached.
2.5 International Standards Organization (ISO):
3.1.10 wind load design pressure rating—the maximum
ISO/IEC Guide 65 General requirements for bodies operat-
wind pressure that an insulated vinyl siding product is rated to
ing product certification systems
withstand, based on testing under Test Method D5206.
2.6 Structural Building Components Association:
3.1.10.1 standard wind load design pressure rating—the
ANSI/SBCA FS 100-2012 Standard Requirements for Wind
wind load design pressure rating for a siding product when
Pressure Resistance of Foam Plastic Insulating Sheathing
installed 1) over a sheathing material designed and attached
Used in Exterior Wall Covering Assemblies
such that it is capable of resisting 100% of positive and
2.7 Vinyl Siding Institute, Inc.
negative wind pressures occurring under design conditions at
VSI Vinyl Siding Installation Manual (2015)
the building location; and 2) with the standard fastening
2.8 Federal Standards:
method specified in building codes, general installation
16 CFR Part 460 Labeling and Advertising of Home Insu-
instructions, and the siding manufacturer’s instructions.
lation
3.1.10.2 alternative wind load design pressure rating—the
3. Terminology wind load design pressure rating for a siding product when
installed over a sheathing not designed and attached such that
3.1 Definitions:
it is capable of resisting 100% of positive and negative wind
3.1.1 center-pinning—an installation technique in which the
pressures occurring under design conditions at the building
siding panel is fastened tightly through the nail slot at the
location, or when the siding is not fastened in the standard way;
center length of the panel, in order to cause thermal expansion
as specified by the manufacturer.
and contraction to occur equally in both directions from the
center.
3.1.10.3 Discussion—The standard test conditions,
configuration, and fastening method used in this specification
3.1.2 cohesive failure—in the context of tensile testing,
are specified in 6.14, while alternative sheathing and installa-
internal separation of the adhesive within the adhesive layer,
tion conditions are specified by the manufacturer and must be
resulting in attachment of adhesive material to the surface of
reflected in the product’s installation instructions. Alternative
both substrates
ratings apply only when the specified sheathing and fastening
conditions are used. See Annex A1 for information on differ-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
ences between the standard wind load design pressure rating
www.astm.org.
and alternative wind load design pressure ratings, and how to
Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander
Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http://www.asce.org. determine standard and alternative design pressure ratings.
D7793 − 24
4. Materials and Manufacture 4.3.1.2 Subject 50 percent of the specimens to accelerated
aging under Test Method D1183, Test Condition C, for three
4.1 Vinyl Siding:
cycles. The low-temperature portion of the cycle is not required
4.1.1 The vinyl siding, exclusive of foam plastic insulating
to be colder than -40°F (-40°C) and the relative humidity
material, shall be made of one or more layers of poly(vinyl
during this portion of the cycle shall not be greater than 10 %
chloride) (PVC) compound. Any layers of materials other than
RH.
poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound shall be kept to less
4.3.1.3 Condition and test all of the specimens in accor-
than 20 % by volume. This limitation does not apply to the
dance with Test Method C297/C297M.
insulation material.
4.3.1.4 Acceptable Performance—Acceptable performance
4.1.2 Where rigid PVC recycled plastic as defined in Guide
of the adhesive is demonstrated by one of the following means:
D7209 is used, the vinyl siding containing the PVC recycled
(1) When tested in accordance with 4.3.1.3, the samples
plastic shall meet all of the requirements of Sections 3, 4, and
demonstrate performance in accordance with either (a), (b), or
5.
(c).
4.1.3 The vinyl siding material, exclusive of insulation
(a) For a valid test, the mode of failure for no fewer than
material, when tested in accordance with Test Method D635, 75 % of the specimens shall be cohesive. Only specimens that
shall not exceed an average extent of burn of 4 in. (100 mm),
failed cohesively are counted in the following. The average
with an average time of burn not to exceed 10 seconds. A ultimate tensile strength of the samples that were subjected to
minimum sample thickness of 0.035 in. (0.9 mm) is required.
accelerated aging shall not be less than 80 % of the average
(Warning—The flammability testing data, conclusions, and ultimate tensile strength of the specimens that were subjected
recommendations of Test Method D635 relate solely to the
to conditioning only.
measurement and description of properties for classification of
(b) None of five aged specimens fails cohesively under a
the vinyl siding material in response to flame under controlled
tensile load less than or equal to 100 psi at a pull rate
laboratory conditions and shall not be used for the description
(crosshead speed) of 0.02 in./min. Only specimens that fail
or appraisal of the fire hazard of vinyl siding under actual fire
cohesively or do not fail are counted. Specimens that fail
conditions.)
non-cohesively under a load at or below 100 psi are discarded
and another specimen is tested until five specimens have either
4.2 Foam Plastic Insulation:
failed cohesively, or have not failed at or below 100 psi.
4.2.1 The foam plastic insulation shall be made of one of the
Adhesives qualified under this method are limited to use with
following materials:
foam insulation having a tensile strength not greater than 100
4.2.1.1 Expanded polystyrene complying with Specification
psi.
C578.
(c) The following applies when the average elongation at
4.2.1.2 Extruded polystyrene complying with Specification
yield of the specimens that were subjected to conditioning only
C578
is 200 % or greater: the average stress of the aged specimens is
not less than 80 percent of that of the specimens that were
4.2.1.3 Polyisocyanurate complying with Specification
subjected to conditioning only, when measured at an elonga-
C591 or Specification C1289
tion 75 % of the elongation at yield for each specimen.
4.2.2 The foam plastic insulation shall have a Flame Spread
(2) As an alternative, adhesives that are covered by a
Index not greater than 75 and a Smoke Developed Index not
current report, issued by an agency accredited under ISO Guide
greater than 450 when tested separately under Test Method
65, as a Type I, Class 2 adhesive in accordance with Accep-
E84.
tance Criteria AC05, will have exhibited acceptable perfor-
4.3 Adhesives:
mance under the above procedure.
4.3.1 The suitability for outdoor use of an adhesive used to
NOTE 4—Compatibility of the adhesive with the vinyl siding and
bond the vinyl siding and the insulation, if any, shall be
insulation used in the insulated vinyl siding is evaluated separately, under
determined by the following procedure.
5.2.4.
4.3.1.1 Prepare a minimum of 10 specimens consisting of
4.4 Insulated Vinyl Siding:
two Douglas fir-larch blocks or other appropriate substrates,
4.4.1 Insulated vinyl siding shall not contain elemental lead
bonded by the adhesive, in accordance with Test Method
(Pb) or compounds of that material other than traces incidental
C297/C297M. Each block is to be 2.0 inches square. The
to raw materials or the manufacturing process. This limitation
adhesive shall be applied and cured in accordance with the
applies to both PVC substrate and to any cap or film material,
adhesive manufacturer’s instructions.
as well as the insulation material. Compliance with this
(1) The material selected for use as the substrate shall be
requirement shall be demonstrated by one of the methods in
capable of withstanding the accelerated aging described in
6.16.
4.3.1.2 without damage or deterioration of the substrate.
5. Physical Requirements
NOTE 3—Other appropriate substrates, such as metal or plastic, com-
patible with the adhesive according to the manufacturer’s guidelines, can
5.1 Requirements Applicable to Vinyl Siding—The provi-
be used in place of the Douglas fir-larch blocks. Because in accordance
sions of 5.1.1 – 5.1.8 apply only to the vinyl siding, exclusive
with 4.3.1.4.1 at least 75 % of samples must fail in a cohesive mode, a
of any insulation material. Where necessary to perform testing,
substrate should be selected that is expected to be stronger than the
adhesive and which will form a tight bond with the adhesive. the insulation material shall be removed.
D7793 − 24
5.1.1 Length and Width—The actual length shall not be less 5.2.1 Thermal Distortion—The insulated vinyl siding shall
than ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) of the nominal length and the actual width be free of bulges, waves, and ripples, and an overlap shall not
1 1
shall be within 6 ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) of the nominal width when open more than ⁄4 in. (6 mm) when tested to a minimum
measured in accordance with 6.3 and 6.4. temperature of 150°F (66°C) in accordance with the procedure
5.1.2 Thickness—These requirements pertain only to mea- in 6.12.
surements of the portions of the vinyl siding that are exposed 5.2.2 Wind Load Resistance—The siding shall withstand a
after installation of the panel, measured in accordance with the
minimum static test pressure and a standard wind load design
procedure in 6.5. The average thickness of each specimen shall pressure rating shall be determined.
be no less than 0.035 in. No individual measurement shall be
5.2.2.1 Minimum Test Pressure—Insulated vinyl siding shall
thinner than 0.003 in. below the nominal thickness. The be able to withstand a minimum test pressure of 22.5 lbf/ft
process average thickness as defined in 3.1.6 shall be no
(1077 Pa) when tested in accordance with 6.14. The average
thinner than 0.001 in. below the nominal thickness. maximum sustained static pressure determined in 6.14 shall be
5.1.3 Camber—A full length of vinyl siding (typically 10 or
equal to or greater than this value. If the manufacturer of
12 ft (3.05 or 3.61 m)) shall not have a camber greater than ⁄8 insulated vinyl siding provides documentation to support
in. (3.2 mm) when measured in accordance with 6.6.
compensation for pressure equalization, the test pressure shall
5.1.4 Heat Shrinkage—The average heat shrinkage shall not
be determined from Annex A1 using the documented pressure
exceed 3.0 % when determined by the method described in 6.7.
equalization factor.
5.1.5 Impact Resistance—The vinyl siding shall have a
NOTE 5—The static test pressure of 22.5 lbf/ft (1077 Pa) for insulated
minimum impact strength of 60 in.•lbf (6.78 J) when tested in
siding was established to withstand structural loading conditions that
accordance with 6.8.
occur in wind exposures of approximately 110 mph (177 km/h) (V ) for
ASD
5.1.6 Gloss—The gloss of smooth and embossed vinyl mean roof heights of 30 ft (9.1 m) and less in exposure category B, and
corresponds to 30.0 lbf/ft (1436 Pa) negative design pressure, to match
siding shall be uniform across the exposed surface. The
the default wind design conditions of Table R703.3(1) in the 2015
average of all readings for a panel determined in 6.11.2.5 shall
International Residential Code. Provision is made for compensation for
not differ from the manufacturer’s specified gloss value more
pressure equalization specific to the product if supporting documentation
than the permitted variation in Table 1, and each individual
is provided, using procedures in Annex A1.
reading shall not vary more than 10 points from the average. NOTE 6—Refer to Annex A1 for an explanation as to how the negative
design pressure was established, and for applications where the effective
Gloss of smooth and embossed vinyl siding shall be tested in
negative design pressure as specified in ASCE 7-10 is different from 30.0
accordance with 6.11.
lbf/ft (1436 Pa) (for example, wind-zone areas greater than about 110
5.1.7 Uniformity of Color—The color specified shall be
mph (177 km/h) (V ) (225 km/h (V )) or mean roof height above 30
ASD ULT
uniform on the exposed surface of the vinyl siding panels,
ft (9.1 m), or exposures other than exposure category B).
except in the case of variegated colors. When tested in (1) The design-pressure values can be negative (suction
accordance with 6.13, the total color change, ΔE, between a
loads) or positive. The negative values are the largest in
production specimen and the appropriate reference specimen or magnitude and are the values used in this specification.
agreed-upon color coordinates shall not vary by more than 1.5, NOTE 7—In that the insulated vinyl siding is being tested as a
weather-resistant exterior product applied to an existing exterior structural
and the chromatic coordinates thereof shall not change by more
wall, forces (negative) working to pull the insulated vinyl siding off the
than 6Δa = 1.0 and 6Δb = 1.0.
H H
wall, fasteners, or disengage locks will be the most important criteria for
5.1.8 Weathering—The vinyl siding shall maintain a uni-
testing. Positive wind forces test the integrity of the total wall sections,
form color and be free of any visual surface or structural
and do not provide a measure of the performance of the insulated vinyl
changes such as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, and siding.
pitting when tested in accordance with 6.10.
5.2.2.2 Standard Wind Load Design Pressure Rating—The
5.1.9 Coeffıcient of Linear Expansion—The vinyl siding
standard wind load design pressure rating shall be determined
shall have a coefficient of linear expansion not greater than 4.5
from the results of testing in accordance with 6.14, using the
-5 -5
by 10 in./in./°F (8.1 by 10 mm/mm/°C) when tested in
procedures described in A1.3.
accordance with 6.9.
NOTE 8—The standard design pressure rating is valid for applications
5.2 Requirements Applicable to Insulated Vinyl Siding—The
where the siding is installed over sheathing and its fastening that are
provisions of 5.2.1–5.2.5 apply to insulated vinyl siding, capable of independently resisting both positive and negative wind
pressures occurring under design conditions at the building location. For
including the integral foam insulation material. Testing shall be
applications over other sheathing, a different design pressure rating is
conducted on both the vinyl siding and the insulating material,
applicable, and is determined in accordance with A1.3. Determination of
or with the insulating material in place, as described in the
a rating other than the standard design pressure rating is not required by
referenced test method.
this section.
5.2.2.3 Alternative Design Pressure Ratings—Design pres-
sure ratings other than the standard wind load design pressure
rating, for use with different sheathing materials or using
TABLE 1 Gloss Values
different installation or fastening, are permitted to be deter-
Manufacturer’s Specified Permitted difference from
mined in accordance with testing under 6.14, using the
Gloss Value Manufacturer’s Specified Gloss
Value
procedures in Annex A1.
Less than or equal to 35 ±8
5.2.3 Nail Slot Allowance for Thermal Expansion—For
Greater than 35 ±10
vinyl siding panels utilizing nail slots to allow for thermal
D7793 − 24
expansion and contraction, the nail slot shall be sized to allow 6 ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) against a calibrated standard. Measure the
for the expected range of expansion and contraction over a length of a vinyl siding panel to the nearest ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) at
range of 100°F. Compliance with this requirement shall be the center, the butt edge, and the bottom of the top lock. The
demonstrated either by the test method in 6.15 or by sizing of average of the three measurements is the actual length.
the nail slots according to the specifications in the following
6.4 Width—Interlock two specimens, each at least 26 in.
sections. The instrument used shall be capable of measuring to
(660 mm) long, in the normal mode for installation. Lay the
the nearest 0.01 in. The manufacturing tolerance shall not
two specimens on a flat surface. Measure to the nearest ⁄16 in.
exceed -0.030 inches.
(1.6 mm), the distance between the lowest butt edge of the top
5.2.3.1 For panels shorter than 6 ft (1829 mm) in length, the
specimen and the lowest butt edge of the bottom specimen.
minimum nail slot width shall be ⁄8 in. (11.4 mm).
Commencing approximately one in. (25 mm) from one end of
5.2.3.2 For panels 6 ft (1829 mm) in length or longer the
the specimens, make five measurements at 6-in. (152-mm)
minimum nail slot width shall be determined according to the
intervals, making sure that the measurement is made perpen-
following formula. The minimum width shall be the width
dicular to the butt edge. Average the measurements. The
resulting from application of the formula, rounded to the next
average constitutes the exposed width of vinyl siding.
lower quarter-inch. Regardless of the results of the calculation,
6.5 Thickness—Thickness shall be measured in accordance
the minimum nail slot width for panels 6 feet or longer shall be
with Test Method A of Test Method D5947. The micrometer
1 in. (25.4 mm).
shall be calibrated in accordance with Section 8 of Test Method
WS 5 P × α × 100°F × L 1T (1)
~ !
c c
D5947. The thickness of the vinyl siding shall be measured at
where: a minimum of five locations equally spaced across the entire
portion of the vinyl siding that will be exposed after installa-
WS = Minimum width of nail slot, in.
tion. All measurements shall be taken to the nearest 0.001 in.
P = Center-pinning coefficient: 1 if manufacturer’s instruc-
c
Calculate and report the average of these measurements. Also
tions require panel to be center-pinned; 1.5 if center-
report the thinnest individual measurement.
pinning is not required
-5
α = Coefficient of linear thermal expansion, 4.5 × 10
6.6 Camber—Place a full length of vinyl siding (typically
in./in./°F or actual known coefficient for vinyl siding
10 or 12 ft (3.05 or 3.61 m)) on a flat surface alongside a
used, as determined by 6.9
straightedge at least as long as the vinyl siding specimen.
L = Length of panel, inches
Measure the maximum space between the edge of the vinyl
T = Centering tolerance: 0.25 in.
c
siding specimen and the straightedge for each edge to the
5.2.4 Compatibility of Adhesives—When subjected to cycli-
nearest ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm).
cal conditioning and tested in accordance with 6.17, samples
6.7 Heat Shrinkage:
composed of the vinyl siding and insulation bonded with the
6.7.1 Apparatus:
adhesive, if any, used in the insulated vinyl siding shall not
6.7.1.1 Scriber, similar to that described in Test Method
exhibit a decrease in average ultimate tensile strength greater
D1042, with the exception that the needle points shall be
than 20 %, compared to samples not subjected to cyclical
separated by 10 6 0.01 in. (254 6 0.254 mm).
conditioning. This requirement is not applicable to insulated
6.7.1.2 Test Media, a controlled-temperature water bath of 5
vinyl siding that does not contain any adhesive.
gal (10 L) or more, equipped with an efficient stirrer that will
5.2.5 Thermal Insulation Value—The thermal insulation
maintain uniform temperature throughout. Heater and
value (R-value) of the insulated vinyl siding shall be not less
temperature-control devices must maintain the water at
than R-2.0 when measured in accordance with 6.18.
160 6 1°F (71 6 0.5°C). Use a wire rack to raise and lower
5.2.6 Flame Spread—Insulated vinyl siding shall have a
specimens into the water bath. As an alternative to the use of a
Flame Spread Index not greater than 200 when tested underin
water bath, heat the specimens for 30 min in a uniformly
accordance with 6.19.
heated forced-air oven maintained at a temperature of
160 6 1°F (71 6 0.5°C).
6. Test Methods
6.7.1.3 Make measurements with any device capable of
6.1 General—The inspection and test procedures contained
measuring the distance between two scribe marks to the nearest
in this section are used to determine the conformance of
0.01 in. (0.254 mm).
products to the requirements of this specification.
6.7.2 Procedure:
6.7.2.1 Cut three specimens from the vinyl siding panel,
NOTE 9—Each producer who represents its products as conforming to
this specification typically uses statistically based sampling plans that are each 1 in. (25.4 mm) wide by 12 in. (305 mm) long. Cut one
appropriate for each manufacturing process to verify on-going compli-
specimen from the center and one from each of the extreme
ance. Specifications for quality control programs are beyond the scope of
edges of the flat surface. The long axis shall be parallel to the
this Standard Specification.
machine direction.
6.2 Conditioning and Test Conditions—Condition the test
6.7.2.2 Condition specimens at 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C)
specimen in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618 and
and 50 6 10 % relative humidity for at least 24 hours.
test under those conditions, unless otherwise specified herein.
6.7.2.3 Make a slight mark with the scribe on each specimen
so that a reference point will be clearly visible.
6.3 Length—Lay the specimen on a flat surface and measure
with a steel tape that has been verified as accurate to within 6.7.2.4 Place specimens in the test medium.
D7793 − 24
6.7.2.5 Remove specimens after 30 min and place on a flat 6.10.5 Mark each specimen permanently to ensure retention
surface until cool. of identity during and after exposure testing.
6.7.2.6 Repeat conditioning in accordance with 6.7.2.2.
NOTE 11—Use of a vibrating engraver leaves a permanent mark that
6.7.2.7 Make a second mark with the scribe on each
satisfies this criterion.
specimen, using the same center.
6.10.6 All exposures shall be conducted at an angle of 45°
6.7.2.8 Measure the distance, D, between the scribe marks
South, plywood-backed, in accordance with Practice D1435
to the nearest 0.01 in. (0.254 mm).
and G147.
6.7.2.9 Calculate the percent shrinkage as (D/10) × 100.
6.10.7 After a minimum of 24 months of exposure, remove
6.7.2.10 Report the average shrinkage of the three speci-
the samples and inspect each exposed test specimen for
mens tested.
appearance and surface condition. Record observations and
6.8 Impact Resistance—Test impact resistance of vinyl sid-
inspection date in a permanent record.
ing in accordance with Test Method D4226, Procedure A,
6.11 Gloss:
impactor head configuration H.25. 4 in.-lb increments (0.5 in.
6.11.1 Apparatus—Measure gloss using a 75° geometry
height increments with 8 lb falling weight) shall be used.
glossmeter that meets the requirements of the Apparatus
Minimum sample dimensions shall be 1.5 by 1.5 in. Samples
section of Test Method D2457.
shall be tested with the normally exposed surface facing up.
6.11.2 Procedure:
Insulated vinyl siding shall be tested with any insulation
6.11.2.1 Gloss measurements shall be made in accordance
material removed. Conditioning time for quality-control tests
with the procedure in Section 9 of Test Method D2457, unless
shall be at least one hour.
otherwise specified herein.
6.8.1 For purposes of evaluating failure of the specimen
6.11.2.2 Measure gloss on one piece of vinyl siding on at
under subsection 3.2.1 of Test Method D4226, a ductile tear of
least three widely separated sections across the width of the
less than 0.2 in. (5 mm) in length shall not be considered a
exposed surface of the panel. At least one reading shall be
failure. Any brittle break of any dimensions is considered a
taken on each face of the panel. Use a new surface area for
failure.
each reading to avoid scratches caused by instrument contact.
6.9 Coeffıcient of Linear Expansion—Conduct this test in
The area tested must be flat. If a flat area on the exposed
accordance with Test Method D696, separately for samples of
surface cannot be found due to the style or depth of embossing
the vinyl siding and samples of the insulation.
of the panel being tested, then a non-exposed area of the panel
6.9.1 Alternative Specimen Preparation for Vinyl Siding
shall be chosen in its place. Such locations shall be represen-
Samples—Specimens prepared from strips cut from extruded
tative of the gloss of the area that will be exposed after
vinyl siding are permitted to be used in testing under Test
installation.
Method D696. Where such specimens are used, they shall be
6.11.2.3 Measure gloss parallel to the direction of emboss-
cut with the long dimension parallel to the long axis of the
ing. When the embossing pattern is not apparent, measure the
vinyl siding panel. Guides shall be used in accordance with
gloss in the direction of extrusion.
Test Method D696 to prevent bending or twisting of the
6.11.2.4 Each reading shall be within the appropriate limit
specimen in the dilatometer.
specified in 5.1.6.
6.10 Weatherability:
6.11.2.5 The average of all readings shall be used to
6.10.1 A minimum of three samples shall be exposed at each
represent the gloss of the sample.
of at least three test sites. Test sites shall be located in a
6.12 Thermal Distortion:
northern temperate climate, represented by Cleveland, Ohio or
6.12.1 Test Specimen/Apparatus:
Louisville, Kentucky; a hot, humid climate represented by
6.12.1.1 The test specimen shall consist of three courses of
Miami, Florida; and a hot, dry climate represented by Phoenix,
insulated vinyl siding, a minimum of 6 ft (1.83 m) in length,
Arizona. The samples shall be exposed for a minimum of 24
mounted on a flat, rigid frame in accordance with the manu-
months.
facturer’s installation instructions.
6.10.2 Samples shall consist of a flat section of vinyl siding
(1) Horizontal Siding—The middle course shall consist of
with minimum dimensions of 2 by 3 ⁄4 in. (25 by 95 mm).
two lengths of insulated vinyl siding, both with a factory-
6.10.3 Samples shall be representative of the product to be
fabricated end, one section overlapping the other section. The
evaluated. Samples shall be taken either from commercial
end of the overlapping section shall be located not less than 3
products or from laboratory samples. Laboratory samples shall
in. (76 mm) and not more than 6 in. (152 mm) from the center
be produced in the same manner as the commercial products to
of the course. Unless specified otherwise by the manufacturer’s
be evaluated.
installation instructions, the insulation of the two lengths of
NOTE 10—Production of laboratory samples in the same manner
insulated vinyl siding shall be butted firmly together.
includes use of the same method of forming the product. For example, if
(2) Vertical Siding—The middle course shall consist of a
the commercial product is extruded, the laboratory specimen shall be
extruded; if the commercial product is injection molded, the laboratory single, uninterrupted insulated vinyl siding panel, without
specimen shall be injection molded, and so forth.
overlap.
6.10.4 Select a minimum of four specimens per sample per 6.12.1.2 A thermocouple or other heat-sensing element shall
test site to allow for three test specimens and one file specimen be located at the horizontal midpoint of the back side of the
for each sample evaluated. middle course of insulated vinyl siding. The heat-sensing
D7793 − 24
element shall be in contact with the back of the vinyl cladding. pressure and standard design pressure requirements in 5.2.3,
Any insulation or backing material removed to facilitate the test structure shall be constructed with vertical studs 16
placement of the heat sensing element shall be replaced. inches on center. The siding shall be tested with insulation
6.12.1.3 Radiant-heat rod, 600 W for each linear foot (0.31 attached to the vinyl siding. The siding in the test installation
m), mounted parallel to the middle course and approximately shall be installed over wood sheathing with a nominal thick-
7 1
32 in. (810 mm) away from the surface of the insulated vinyl ness of ⁄16 to ⁄2 inch, and fastened as follows:
siding.
6.14.1 Fastener Type—Roofing nail, smooth shank, 0.120
1 5
6.12.1.4 Temperature-control device, used to regulate the in. ( ⁄8 in. nominal; 3.2 mm) shank diameter, ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm)
temperature of the radiant-heat rod, shall be able to maintain
head diameter, length as necessary to penetrate into sheathing
the conditions specified in 6.12.2.1. and stud a total of 1 ⁄4 in. (32 mm). For vertical siding, length
6.12.1.5 Gap measurement device. A cylindrical pin gauge, as necessary to penetrate the thickness of the sheathing plus ⁄4
⁄4 6 0.005 in. (6 6 0.127 mm) in diameter is used to evaluate in. (6.4 mm).
the size of any gap in the overlapped sections of horizontal 6.14.2 Fastener Spacing—Every 16 in. (406 mm) into
insulated vinyl siding during the heating period. The pin gauge
center of stud for horizontal siding. For vertical siding, every
is attached to a rod such that the gauge can be inserted into a
12 inches into sheathing only.
gap while held parallel to the plane of the insulated vinyl
6.14.3 Fasteners shall not be driven tightly against the
siding. The rod shall be sufficiently long to permit insertion of
siding. Allow approximately ⁄32 in. (0.8 mm) clearance be-
the gauge from beyond the edge to the test frame, not interfere
tween the fastener head and siding surface.
with the exposure of the sample to radiant heat, and otherwise
NOTE 12—The installation details described 6.14 conform to the
not interfere with conduct of the test.
minimum requirements of the 2015 International Residential Code and the
6.12.2 Procedure:
VSI Vinyl Siding Installation Manual.
6.12.2.1 Heat the test panel (middle course of insulated
6.15 Nail Slot Allowance for Thermal Expansion—As an
vinyl siding) at a rate of 3.0 to 6.0°F/min (1.7 to 3.3°C/min)
alternative to conformance with the nail slot width specifica-
until a minimum temperature of 150°F (66°C) is achieved as
tion in 5.2.3.1 or 5.2.3.2, provision for thermal expansion and
measured by the heat-sensing element on the midpoint of the
contraction shall be demonstrated through the following test
backside of the middle course. For temperatures equal to or
procedure.
greater than 130°F (54°C), the rate of heating is permitted to be
6.15.1 Samples—At least three samples of each profile in
not less than 2.0°F/min (1.1°C/min), provided that the average
which the insulated vinyl siding is produced shall be provided.
heating rate from the ambient temperature to 150°F (66°C) is
The length of each sample shall be at least 50 % of the longest
within 3.0 to 6.0°F/min (1.7 to 3.3°C/min). When a tempera-
length in which the profile is produced, and not shorter than 12
ture of 150°F (66°C) is attained, shut off the heat source.
ft (3658 mm).
6.12.2.2 During this heating period, observe the middle
6.15.2 Test Chamber—The test chamber shall consist of an
course of the insulated vinyl siding for surface distortion and
environmentally controlled room or compartment capable of
observe for any opening or gap at the end of the overlapped
providing an air temperature range of at least 0 to 100°F (-18
section. If the overlap appears to have opened to approximately
to 38°C) without exposure of the panel to radiant energy from
⁄4 in. (6 mm), attempt to insert the gap measurement device
heating or cooling elements. Air temperature shall be con-
into the opening. If the device can be inserted into the opening
trolled such that a rate of temperature change of 2°F (1.11°C)
to any depth at any location along the overlap, the opening
per minute can be achieved over the full temperature range,
shall be considered to be at least ⁄4 in. (6 mm).
and the minimum and maximum temperatures can be main-
6.12.2.3 Failure is defined as:
tained for at least 15 minutes. Means for circulating air to
(1) the appearance of bulges, waves, or ripples on any
provide a uniform air temperature throughout the chamber
surface of the middle course of the insulated vinyl siding; or
shall be provided. A vertical wall shall be provided for
(2) occurrence of a gap or opening ⁄4 in. (6 mm) or greater
mounting of samples. The wall shall be insulated such that,
at any point along the end of the overlapped section, as
with no panels mounted, the inner surface of the wall does not
determined by use of the gap measurement device, at any time
deviate more than 10°F (5.5°C) from the air temperature at the
before a temperature of 150°F (66°C) is reached.
high and low temperature extremes after a holding period of
6.13 Color Uniformity—Calculate the difference between
five minutes. The test chamber shall be of sufficient size to
the L , a , and b color coordinates for a production specimen
H H H
accommodate the longest panel to be tested, including ex-
to those of either the appropriate reference specimen or the
pected thermal expansion of the panel. Means shall be pro-
agreed upon color coordinates for that specific color product in
vided to measure the actual temperature of the surface of each
accordance with Test Method D2244. Calculate the total
panel at a minimum of three evenly-spaced locations along the
difference ΔE between the production specimen and the
length of the panel.
D2244.
reference specimen in accordance with Test Method
6.15.3 Length Measurement—A means for measuring the
6.14 Wind Load Resistance—Conduct the test on wind load length of each sample throughout the temperature range shall
resistance of finished insulated vinyl siding in accordance with be provided. The method utilized for length measurement shall
Test Method D5206. The average maximum sustained static not be influenced by the temperature of the chamber and shall
test pressure determined from this testing is used in 5.2.3. For have a minimum resolution of no greater than 0.0625 in. (1.59
purposes of determining compliance with the minimum test mm).
D7793 − 24
6.15.4 Procedure—Install the sample panels on the wall the test shows a negative or not-detected result; that is, the test
inside the test chamber, following the manufacturer’s instruc- does not indicate the presence of lead. The test shall be
tions for fastener type, spacing, location and tightness. At conducted separately on the substrate and on any cap or film
ambient temperature measure and record the length of each material, and on the insulation material.
panel and the temperature of the panel, averaged from a 6.16.2 As an alternative to the method in 6.16.1, and as a
minimum of three locations along the length of the panel. means of resolving any ambiguous results from that method, an
analytical method capable of detecting lead at least as low as
6.15.4.1 Test Cycle—Test cycles shall be performed by
raising the air temperature to 100 6 5°F (38 6 2.75°C) at an 0.02 percent by sample weight shall be employed. Under this
alternative, neither the substrate nor any cap or film shall
average rate of 2°F (1.11°C) per minute, holding the air
temperature at 100°F (38 6 2.75°C) for 15 minutes, lowering contain a concentration of lead in excess of 0.02 percent by
weight.
the air temperature to 0 6 5°F (-18 6 2.75°C) at an average
rate of 2°F (1.11°C) per minute, holding at 0°F (-18 6 2.75°C)
6.17 Compatibility of Adhesives:
for 15 minutes, and returning to ambient temperature at an
6.17.1 Sample Preparation—Combine a flat, 2 by 2 in.
average rate of 2°F per minute.
section of vinyl siding with a 2 by 2 by 0.75 in. sample of
6.15.4.2 Conditioning—Close the test chamber and perform
insulation, using the adhesive used in the insulated vinyl
at least two conditioning cycles using the procedure in
siding. The top and bottom surfaces of the insulation are to be
6.15.4.1. No interruption is required between conditioning
parallel. The application rate, thickness, and distribution of the
cycles.
adhesive are to be consistent with its application in the
6.15.4.3 Test—Following completion of the conditioning
insulated vinyl siding. Prepare a total of at least ten such
cycles, conduct three test cycles using the procedure in
samples.
6.15.4.1. It is acceptable for the test cycles to follow immedi-
6.17.2 Cyclical Conditioning—Subject half of the samples
ately upon completion of the final conditioning cycle, and no
to the following conditioning. In an appropriate environmental
interruption is required between test cycles. After a minimum
conditioning chamber, starting at room temperature, increase
holding period of 15 minutes at the high and low extremes of
the temperature of air surrounding the sample to 150°F (66°C)
each test cycle, measure and record the len
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7793 − 21 D7793 − 24
Standard Specification for
Insulated Vinyl Siding
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7793; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for insulated vinyl siding, which is vinyl siding with integral foam plastic
insulating material, where the vinyl siding is manufactured from rigid PVC compound. Compliance with this standard requires
insulated vinyl siding to demonstrate a thermal insulation value of R-2.0 or greater. Other performance requirements and test
methods addressed by this standard include materials properties and dimensions, warp, shrinkage, impact strength, expansion,
appearance, thermal distortion resistance, flame spread, and windload resistance. Methods of indicating compliance with this
specification are also provided.
NOTE 1—Insulated vinyl siding is composed of two major components: the vinyl siding and the insulating material. It is intended that the vinyl siding
portion comply with Specification D3679. Applicable portions of Specification D3679 are included in this specification. Additional requirements that
pertain only to the insulation as a separate material, or to the combination of vinyl siding and insulation as a whole, are also included. For further
explanation, see Appendix X1.
1.2 Insulated vinyl siding shall be tested with the insulation material in place or removed, as specified in the applicable
requirement or test method.
1.3 The use of PVC recycled plastic in this product shall be in accordance with the requirements in Section 4.
1.4 Insulated vinyl siding produced to this specification shall be installed in accordance with Practice D4756. Reference shall also
be made to the manufacturer’s installation instructions for the specific product to be installed.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.24 on Plastic Building Products.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021April 1, 2024. Published December 2021April 2024. Originally approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 20202021 as
D7793 – 20. DOI:10.1520/D7793-21.21. DOI:10.1520/D7793-24.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7793 − 24
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C297/C297M Test Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of Sandwich Constructions
C578 Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal Insulation
C591 Specification for Unfaced Preformed Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation
C1199 Test Method for Measuring the Steady-State Thermal Transmittance of Fenestration Systems Using Hot Box Methods
C1289 Specification for Faced Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation Board
C1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box Apparatus
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
D696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous Silica
Dilatometer
D1042 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Plastics Caused by Exposure to Heat and Moisture
D1183 Practices for Resistance of Adhesives to Cyclic Laboratory Aging Conditions
D1435 Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D2457 Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Films and Solid Plastics
D3679 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
D4226 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Building Products
D4756 Practice for Installation of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding and Soffit (Withdrawn 2023)
D5206 Test Method for Windload Resistance of Rigid Plastic Siding
D5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens
D7209 Guide for Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, and Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (Withdrawn
2015)
D7445 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding with Foam Plastic Backing (Backed Vinyl Siding)
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E1753 Practice for Use of Qualitative Chemical Spot Test Kits for Detection of Lead in Dry Paint Films
G147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
2.2 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE):
ASCE 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
2.3 International Code Council
International Building Code
International Residential Code
2.4 International Code Council–Evaluation Services (ICC-ES):
AC05 Acceptance Criteria for Sandwich Panel Adhesives
2.5 International Standards Organization (ISO):
ISO/IEC Guide 65 General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems
2.6 Structural Building Components Association:
ANSI/SBCA FS 100-2012 Standard Requirements for Wind Pressure Resistance of Foam Plastic Insulating Sheathing Used in
Exterior Wall Covering Assemblies
2.7 Vinyl Siding Institute, Inc.
VSI Vinyl Siding Installation Manual (2015)
2.8 Federal Standards:
16 CFR Part 460 Labeling and Advertising of Home Insulation
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 center-pinning—an installation technique in which the siding panel is fastened tightly through the nail slot at the center
length of the panel, in order to cause thermal expansion and contraction to occur equally in both directions from the center.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 1801 Alexander Bell Dr., Reston, VA 20191, http://www.asce.org.
D7793 − 24
3.1.2 cohesive failure—in the context of tensile testing, internal separation of the adhesive within the adhesive layer, resulting in
attachment of adhesive material to the surface of both substrates
3.1.3 insulation; insulating material—foam plastic material that is combined at the factory with a vinyl siding profile to form
insulated vinyl siding.
3.1.4 insulated vinyl siding—a vinyl cladding product sold with manufacturer-installed foam plastic insulating material as an
integral part of the cladding product. The vinyl cladding portion of insulated vinyl siding meets the definition of vinyl siding.
3.1.5 nominal—the value that a manufacturer consistently uses to represent a specific property or dimension of a vinyl siding
product in public claims including, but not limited to, product literature, advertisements, quotations, and certificates of
conformance.
3.1.6 process average thickness—the rolling, arithmetic mean of average specimen thicknesses measured in accordance with 6.5
for a specific product during all productions runs for the most recent six-month period.
3.1.7 vertical coverage—The net vertical distance of the wall covered by a single insulated vinyl siding panel, disregarding any
portions of the panel that are overlapped by adjacent panels above or below.
3.1.8 temperate northern climate—in weather testing, a North American metropolitan area testing site located within 73 to 100°W
longitude and 37 to 45°N latitude.
3.1.9 vinyl siding—a shaped material, made principally from rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), that is used to clad exterior walls
of buildings. In this standard, vinyl siding refers to the rigid profile to which the insulation is attached.
3.1.10 wind load design pressure rating—the maximum wind pressure that an insulated vinyl siding product is rated to withstand,
based on testing under Test Method D5206.
3.1.10.1 standard wind load design pressure rating—the wind load design pressure rating for a siding product when installed
1) over a sheathing material designed and attached such that it is capable of resisting 100% of positive and negative wind pressures
occurring under design conditions at the building location; and 2) with the standard fastening method specified in building codes,
general installation instructions, and the siding manufacturer’s instructions.
3.1.10.2 alternative wind load design pressure rating—the wind load design pressure rating for a siding product when installed
over a sheathing not designed and attached such that it is capable of resisting 100% of positive and negative wind pressures
occurring under design conditions at the building location, or when the siding is not fastened in the standard way; as specified by
the manufacturer.
3.1.10.3 Discussion—
The standard test conditions, configuration, and fastening method used in this specification are specified in 6.14, while alternative
sheathing and installation conditions are specified by the manufacturer and must be reflected in the product’s installation
instructions. Alternative ratings apply only when the specified sheathing and fastening conditions are used. See Annex A1 for
information on differences between the standard wind load design pressure rating and alternative wind load design pressure ratings,
and how to determine standard and alternative design pressure ratings.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Vinyl Siding:
4.1.1 The vinyl siding, exclusive of foam plastic insulating material, shall be made of one or more layers of poly(vinyl chloride)
(PVC) compound. Any layers of materials other than poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound shall be kept to less than 20 % by
volume. This limitation does not apply to the insulation material.
4.1.2 Where rigid PVC recycled plastic as defined in Guide D7209 is used, the vinyl siding containing the PVC recycled plastic
shall meet all of the requirements of Sections 3, 4, and 5.
4.1.3 The vinyl siding material, exclusive of insulation material, when tested in accordance with Test Method D635, shall not
D7793 − 24
exceed an average extent of burn of 4 in. (100 mm), with an average time of burn not to exceed 10 seconds. A minimum sample
thickness of 0.035 in. (0.9 mm) is required. (Warning—The flammability testing data, conclusions, and recommendations of Test
Method D635 relate solely to the measurement and description of properties for classification of the vinyl siding material in
response to flame under controlled laboratory conditions and shall not be used for the description or appraisal of the fire hazard
of vinyl siding under actual fire conditions.)
4.2 Foam Plastic Insulation:
4.2.1 The foam plastic insulation shall be made of one of the following materials:
4.2.1.1 Expanded polystyrene complying with Specification C578.
4.2.1.2 Extruded polystyrene complying with Specification C578
4.2.1.3 Polyisocyanurate complying with Specification C591 or Specification C1289
4.2.2 The foam plastic insulation shall have a Flame Spread Index not greater than 75 and a Smoke Developed Index not greater
than 450 when tested separately under Test Method E84.
4.3 Adhesives:
4.3.1 The suitability for outdoor use of an adhesive used to bond the vinyl siding and the insulation, if any, shall be determined
by the following procedure.
4.3.1.1 Prepare a minimum of 10 specimens consisting of two Douglas fir-larch blocks or other appropriate substrates, bonded by
the adhesive, in accordance with Test Method C297/C297M. Each block is to be 2.0 inches square. The adhesive shall be applied
and cured in accordance with the adhesive manufacturer’s instructions.
(1) The material selected for use as the substrate shall be capable of withstanding the accelerated aging described in 4.3.1.2
without damage or deterioration of the substrate.
NOTE 3—Other appropriate substrates, such as metal or plastic, compatible with the adhesive according to the manufacturer’s guidelines, can be used in
place of the Douglas fir-larch blocks. Because in accordance with 4.3.1.4.1 at least 75 % of samples must fail in a cohesive mode, a substrate should be
selected that is expected to be stronger than the adhesive and which will form a tight bond with the adhesive.
4.3.1.2 Subject 50 percent of the specimens to accelerated aging under Test Method D1183, Test Condition C, for three cycles.
The low-temperature portion of the cycle is not required to be colder than -40°F (-40°C) and the relative humidity during this
portion of the cycle shall not be greater than 10 % RH.
4.3.1.3 Condition and test all of the specimens in accordance with Test Method C297/C297M.
4.3.1.4 Acceptable Performance—Acceptable performance of the adhesive is demonstrated by one of the following means:
(1) When tested in accordance with 4.3.1.3, the samples demonstrate performance in accordance with either (a), (b), or (c).
(a) For a valid test, the mode of failure for no fewer than 75 % of the specimens shall be cohesive. Only specimens that failed
cohesively are counted in the following. The average ultimate tensile strength of the samples that were subjected to accelerated
aging shall not be less than 80 % of the average ultimate tensile strength of the specimens that were subjected to conditioning only.
(b) None of five aged specimens fails cohesively under a tensile load less than or equal to 100 psi at a pull rate (crosshead
speed) of 0.02 in./min. Only specimens that fail cohesively or do not fail are counted. Specimens that fail non-cohesively under
a load at or below 100 psi are discarded and another specimen is tested until five specimens have either failed cohesively, or have
not failed at or below 100 psi. Adhesives qualified under this method are limited to use with foam insulation having a tensile
strength not greater than 100 psi.
(c) The following applies when the average elongation at yield of the specimens that were subjected to conditioning only is
200 % or greater: the average stress of the aged specimens is not less than 80 percent of that of the specimens that were subjected
to conditioning only, when measured at an elongation 75 % of the elongation at yield for each specimen.
(2) As an alternative, adhesives that are covered by a current report, issued by an agency accredited under ISO Guide 65, as
a Type I, Class 2 adhesive in accordance with Acceptance Criteria AC05, will have exhibited acceptable performance under the
above procedure.
D7793 − 24
NOTE 4—Compatibility of the adhesive with the vinyl siding and insulation used in the insulated vinyl siding is evaluated separately, under 5.2.4.
4.4 Insulated Vinyl Siding:
4.4.1 Insulated vinyl siding shall not contain elemental lead (Pb) or compounds of that material other than traces incidental to raw
materials or the manufacturing process. This limitation applies to both PVC substrate and to any cap or film material, as well as
the insulation material. Compliance with this requirement shall be demonstrated by one of the methods in 6.16.
5. Physical Requirements
5.1 Requirements Applicable to Vinyl Siding—The provisions of 5.1.1 – 5.1.8 apply only to the vinyl siding, exclusive of any
insulation material. Where necessary to perform testing, the insulation material shall be removed.
5.1.1 Length and Width—The actual length shall not be less than ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) of the nominal length and the actual width shall
be within 6 ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) of the nominal width when measured in accordance with 6.3 and 6.4.
5.1.2 Thickness—These requirements pertain only to measurements of the portions of the vinyl siding that are exposed after
installation of the panel, measured in accordance with the procedure in 6.5. The average thickness of each specimen shall be no
less than 0.035 in. No individual measurement shall be thinner than 0.003 in. below the nominal thickness. The process average
thickness as defined in 3.1.6 shall be no thinner than 0.001 in. below the nominal thickness.
5.1.3 Camber—A full length of vinyl siding (typically 10 or 12 ft (3.05 or 3.61 m)) shall not have a camber greater than ⁄8 in.
(3.2 mm) when measured in accordance with 6.6.
5.1.4 Heat Shrinkage—The average heat shrinkage shall not exceed 3.0 % when determined by the method described in 6.7.
5.1.5 Impact Resistance—The vinyl siding shall have a minimum impact strength of 60 in.•lbf (6.78 J) when tested in accordance
with 6.8.
5.1.6 Gloss—The gloss of smooth and embossed vinyl siding shall be uniform across the exposed surface. The average of all
readings for a panel determined in 6.11.2.5 shall not differ from the manufacturer’s specified gloss value more than the permitted
variation in Table 1, and each individual reading shall not vary more than 10 points from the average. Gloss of smooth and
embossed vinyl siding shall be tested in accordance with 6.11.
5.1.7 Uniformity of Color—The color specified shall be uniform on the exposed surface of the vinyl siding panels, except in the
case of variegated colors. When tested in accordance with 6.13, the total color change, ΔE, between a production specimen and
the appropriate reference specimen or agreed-upon color coordinates shall not vary by more than 1.5, and the chromatic
coordinates thereof shall not change by more than 6Δa = 1.0 and 6Δb = 1.0.
H H
5.1.8 Weathering—The vinyl siding shall maintain a uniform color and be free of any visual surface or structural changes such
as peeling, chipping, cracking, flaking, and pitting when tested in accordance with 6.10.
-5
5.1.9 Coeffıcient of Linear Expansion—The vinyl siding shall have a coefficient of linear expansion not greater than 4.5 by 10
-5
in./in./°F (8.1 by 10 mm/mm/°C) when tested in accordance with 6.9.
5.2 Requirements Applicable to Insulated Vinyl Siding—The provisions of 5.2.1–5.2.5 apply to insulated vinyl siding, including
the integral foam insulation material. Testing shall be conducted on both the vinyl siding and the insulating material, or with the
insulating material in place, as described in the referenced test method.
5.2.1 Thermal Distortion—The insulated vinyl siding shall be free of bulges, waves, and ripples, and an overlap shall not open
more than ⁄4 in. (6 mm) when tested to a minimum temperature of 150°F (66°C) in accordance with the procedure in 6.12.
TABLE 1 Gloss Values
Manufacturer’s Specified Permitted difference from
Gloss Value Manufacturer’s Specified Gloss
Value
Less than or equal to 35 ±8
Greater than 35 ±10
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5.2.2 Wind Load Resistance—The siding shall withstand a minimum static test pressure and a standard wind load design pressure
rating shall be determined.
5.2.2.1 Minimum Test Pressure—Insulated vinyl siding shall be able to withstand a minimum test pressure of 22.5 lbf/ft (1077
Pa) when tested in accordance with 6.14. The average maximum sustained static pressure determined in 6.14 shall be equal to or
greater than this value. If the manufacturer of insulated vinyl siding provides documentation to support compensation for pressure
equalization, the test pressure shall be determined from Annex A1 using the documented pressure equalization factor.
NOTE 5—The static test pressure of 22.5 lbf/ft (1077 Pa) for insulated siding was established to withstand structural loading conditions that occur in wind
exposures of approximately 110 mph (177 km/h) (V ) for mean roof heights of 30 ft (9.1 m) and less in exposure category B, and corresponds to 30.0
ASD
lbf/ft (1436 Pa) negative design pressure, to match the default wind design conditions of Table R703.3(1) in the 2015 International Residential Code.
Provision is made for compensation for pressure equalization specific to the product if supporting documentation is provided, using procedures in Annex
A1.
NOTE 6—Refer to Annex A1 for an explanation as to how the negative design pressure was established, and for applications where the effective negative
design pressure as specified in ASCE 7-10 is different from 30.0 lbf/ft (1436 Pa) (for example, wind-zone areas greater than about 110 mph (177 km/h)
(V ) (225 km/h (V )) or mean roof height above 30 ft (9.1 m), or exposures other than exposure category B).
ASD ULT
(1) The design-pressure values can be negative (suction loads) or positive. The negative values are the largest in magnitude
and are the values used in this specification.
NOTE 7—In that the insulated vinyl siding is being tested as a weather-resistant exterior product applied to an existing exterior structural wall, forces
(negative) working to pull the insulated vinyl siding off the wall, fasteners, or disengage locks will be the most important criteria for testing. Positive
wind forces test the integrity of the total wall sections, and do not provide a measure of the performance of the insulated vinyl siding.
5.2.2.2 Standard Wind Load Design Pressure Rating—The standard wind load design pressure rating shall be determined from the
results of testing in accordance with 6.14, using the procedures described in A1.3.
NOTE 8—The standard design pressure rating is valid for applications where the siding is installed over sheathing and its fastening that are capable of
independently resisting both positive and negative wind pressures occurring under design conditions at the building location. For applications over other
sheathing, a different design pressure rating is applicable, and is determined in accordance with A1.3. Determination of a rating other than the standard
design pressure rating is not required by this section.
5.2.2.3 Alternative Design Pressure Ratings—Design pressure ratings other than the standard wind load design pressure rating, for
use with different sheathing materials or using different installation or fastening, are permitted to be determined in accordance with
testing under 6.14, using the procedures in Annex A1.
5.2.3 Nail Slot Allowance for Thermal Expansion—For vinyl siding panels utilizing nail slots to allow for thermal expansion and
contraction, the nail slot shall be sized to allow for the expected range of expansion and contraction over a range of 100°F.
Compliance with this requirement shall be demonstrated either by the test method in 6.15 or by sizing of the nail slots according
to the specifications in the following sections. The instrument used shall be capable of measuring to the nearest 0.01 in. The
manufacturing tolerance shall not exceed -0.030 inches.
5.2.3.1 For panels shorter than 6 ft (1829 mm) in length, the minimum nail slot width shall be ⁄8 in. (11.4 mm).
5.2.3.2 For panels 6 ft (1829 mm) in length or longer the minimum nail slot width shall be determined according to the following
formula. The minimum width shall be the width resulting from application of the formula, rounded to the next lower quarter-inch.
Regardless of the results of the calculation, the minimum nail slot width for panels 6 feet or longer shall be 1 in. (25.4 mm).
WS 5 P × α ×100°F ×L 1T (1)
~ !
c c
where:
WS = Minimum width of nail slot, in.
P = Center-pinning coefficient: 1 if manufacturer’s instructions require panel to be center-pinned; 1.5 if center-pinning is not
c
required
-5
α = Coefficient of linear thermal expansion, 4.5 × 10 in./in./°F or actual known coefficient for vinyl siding used, as
determined by 6.9
L = Length of panel, inches
T = Centering tolerance: 0.25 in.
c
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5.2.4 Compatibility of Adhesives—When subjected to cyclical conditioning and tested in accordance with 6.17, samples composed
of the vinyl siding and insulation bonded with the adhesive, if any, used in the insulated vinyl siding shall not exhibit a decrease
in average ultimate tensile strength greater than 20 %, compared to samples not subjected to cyclical conditioning. This
requirement is not applicable to insulated vinyl siding that does not contain any adhesive.
5.2.5 Thermal Insulation Value—The thermal insulation value (R-value) of the insulated vinyl siding shall be not less than R-2.0
when measured in accordance with 6.18.
5.2.6 Flame Spread—Insulated vinyl siding shall have a Flame Spread Index not greater than 200 when tested underin accordance
with 6.19.
6. Test Methods
6.1 General—The inspection and test procedures contained in this section are used to determine the conformance of products to
the requirements of this specification.
NOTE 9—Each producer who represents its products as conforming to this specification typically uses statistically based sampling plans that are
appropriate for each manufacturing process to verify on-going compliance. Specifications for quality control programs are beyond the scope of this
Standard Specification.
6.2 Conditioning and Test Conditions—Condition the test specimen in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618 and test
under those conditions, unless otherwise specified herein.
6.3 Length—Lay the specimen on a flat surface and measure with a steel tape that has been verified as accurate to within 6 ⁄16
in. (1.6 mm) against a calibrated standard. Measure the length of a vinyl siding panel to the nearest ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) at the center,
the butt edge, and the bottom of the top lock. The average of the three measurements is the actual length.
6.4 Width—Interlock two specimens, each at least 26 in. (660 mm) long, in the normal mode for installation. Lay the two
specimens on a flat surface. Measure to the nearest ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm), the distance between the lowest butt edge of the top specimen
and the lowest butt edge of the bottom specimen. Commencing approximately one in. (25 mm) from one end of the specimens,
make five measurements at 6-in. (152-mm) intervals, making sure that the measurement is made perpendicular to the butt edge.
Average the measurements. The average constitutes the exposed width of vinyl siding.
6.5 Thickness—Thickness shall be measured in accordance with Test Method A of Test Method D5947. The micrometer shall be
calibrated in accordance with Section 8 of Test Method D5947. The thickness of the vinyl siding shall be measured at a minimum
of five locations equally spaced across the entire portion of the vinyl siding that will be exposed after installation. All measurements
shall be taken to the nearest 0.001 in. Calculate and report the average of these measurements. Also report the thinnest individual
measurement.
6.6 Camber—Place a full length of vinyl siding (typically 10 or 12 ft (3.05 or 3.61 m)) on a flat surface alongside a straightedge
at least as long as the vinyl siding specimen. Measure the maximum space between the edge of the vinyl siding specimen and the
straightedge for each edge to the nearest ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm).
6.7 Heat Shrinkage:
6.7.1 Apparatus:
6.7.1.1 Scriber, similar to that described in Test Method D1042, with the exception that the needle points shall be separated by
10 6 0.01 in. (254 6 0.254 mm).
6.7.1.2 Test Media, a controlled-temperature water bath of 5 gal (10 L) or more, equipped with an efficient stirrer that will maintain
uniform temperature throughout. Heater and temperature-control devices must maintain the water at 160 6 1°F (71 6 0.5°C). Use
a wire rack to raise and lower specimens into the water bath. As an alternative to the use of a water bath, heat the specimens for
30 min in a uniformly heated forced-air oven maintained at a temperature of 160 6 1°F (71 6 0.5°C).
D7793 − 24
6.7.1.3 Make measurements with any device capable of measuring the distance between two scribe marks to the nearest 0.01 in.
(0.254 mm).
6.7.2 Procedure:
6.7.2.1 Cut three specimens from the vinyl siding panel, each 1 in. (25.4 mm) wide by 12 in. (305 mm) long. Cut one specimen
from the center and one from each of the extreme edges of the flat surface. The long axis shall be parallel to the machine direction.
6.7.2.2 Condition specimens at 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C) and 50 6 10 % relative humidity for at least 24 hours.
6.7.2.3 Make a slight mark with the scribe on each specimen so that a reference point will be clearly visible.
6.7.2.4 Place specimens in the test medium.
6.7.2.5 Remove specimens after 30 min and place on a flat surface until cool.
6.7.2.6 Repeat conditioning in accordance with 6.7.2.2.
6.7.2.7 Make a second mark with the scribe on each specimen, using the same center.
6.7.2.8 Measure the distance, D, between the scribe marks to the nearest 0.01 in. (0.254 mm).
6.7.2.9 Calculate the percent shrinkage as (D/10) × 100.
6.7.2.10 Report the average shrinkage of the three specimens tested.
6.8 Impact Resistance—Test impact resistance of vinyl siding in accordance with Test Method D4226, Procedure A, impactor head
configuration H.25. 4 in.-lb increments (0.5 in. height increments with 8 lb falling weight) shall be used. Minimum sample
dimensions shall be 1.5 by 1.5 in. Samples shall be tested with the normally exposed surface facing up. Insulated vinyl siding shall
be tested with any insulation material removed. Conditioning time for quality-control tests shall be at least one hour.
6.8.1 For purposes of evaluating failure of the specimen under subsection 3.2.1 of Test Method D4226, a ductile tear of less than
0.2 in. (5 mm) in length shall not be considered a failure. Any brittle break of any dimensions is considered a failure.
6.9 Coeffıcient of Linear Expansion—Conduct this test in accordance with Test Method D696, separately for samples of the vinyl
siding and samples of the insulation.
6.9.1 Alternative Specimen Preparation for Vinyl Siding Samples—Specimens prepared from strips cut from extruded vinyl siding
are permitted to be used in testing under Test Method D696. Where such specimens are used, they shall be cut with the long
dimension parallel to the long axis of the vinyl siding panel. Guides shall be used in accordance with Test Method D696 to prevent
bending or twisting of the specimen in the dilatometer.
6.10 Weatherability:
6.10.1 A minimum of three samples shall be exposed at each of at least three test sites. Test sites shall be located in a northern
temperate climate, represented by Cleveland, Ohio or Louisville, Kentucky; a hot, humid climate represented by Miami, Florida;
and a hot, dry climate represented by Phoenix, Arizona. The samples shall be exposed for a minimum of 24 months.
6.10.2 Samples shall consist of a flat section of vinyl siding with minimum dimensions of 2 by 3 ⁄4 in. (25 by 95 mm).
6.10.3 Samples shall be representative of the product to be evaluated. Samples shall be taken either from commercial products or
from laboratory samples. Laboratory samples shall be produced in the same manner as the commercial products to be evaluated.
NOTE 10—Production of laboratory samples in the same manner includes use of the same method of forming the product. For example, if the commercial
product is extruded, the laboratory specimen shall be extruded; if the commercial product is injection molded, the laboratory specimen shall be injection
molded, and so forth.
D7793 − 24
6.10.4 Select a minimum of four specimens per sample per test site to allow for three test specimens and one file specimen for
each sample evaluated.
6.10.5 Mark each specimen permanently to ensure retention of identity during and after exposure testing.
NOTE 11—Use of a vibrating engraver leaves a permanent mark that satisfies this criterion.
6.10.6 All exposures shall be conducted at an angle of 45° South, plywood-backed, in accordance with Practice D1435 and G147.
6.10.7 After a minimum of 24 months of exposure, remove the samples and inspect each exposed test specimen for appearance
and surface condition. Record observations and inspection date in a permanent record.
6.11 Gloss:
6.11.1 Apparatus—Measure gloss using a 75° geometry glossmeter that meets the requirements of the Apparatus section of Test
Method D2457.
6.11.2 Procedure:
6.11.2.1 Gloss measurements shall be made in accordance with the procedure in Section 9 of Test Method D2457, unless otherwise
specified herein.
6.11.2.2 Measure gloss on one piece of vinyl siding on at least three widely separated sections across the width of the exposed
surface of the panel. At least one reading shall be taken on each face of the panel. Use a new surface area for each reading to avoid
scratches caused by instrument contact. The area tested must be flat. If a flat area on the exposed surface cannot be found due to
the style or depth of embossing of the panel being tested, then a non-exposed area of the panel shall be chosen in its place. Such
locations shall be representative of the gloss of the area that will be exposed after installation.
6.11.2.3 Measure gloss parallel to the direction of embossing. When the embossing pattern is not apparent, measure the gloss in
the direction of extrusion.
6.11.2.4 Each reading shall be within the appropriate limit specified in 5.1.6.
6.11.2.5 The average of all readings shall be used to represent the gloss of the sample.
6.12 Thermal Distortion:
6.12.1 Test Specimen/Apparatus:
6.12.1.1 The test specimen shall consist of three courses of insulated vinyl siding, a minimum of 6 ft (1.83 m) in length, mounted
on a flat, rigid frame in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.
(1) Horizontal Siding—The middle course shall consist of two lengths of insulated vinyl siding, both with a factory-fabricated
end, one section overlapping the other section. The end of the overlapping section shall be located not less than 3 in. (76 mm) and
not more than 6 in. (152 mm) from the center of the course. Unless specified otherwise by the manufacturer’s installation
instructions, the insulation of the two lengths of insulated vinyl siding shall be butted firmly together.
(2) Vertical Siding—The middle course shall consist of a single, uninterrupted insulated vinyl siding panel, without overlap.
6.12.1.2 A thermocouple or other heat-sensing element shall be located at the horizontal midpoint of the back side of the middle
course of insulated vinyl siding. The heat-sensing element shall be in contact with the back of the vinyl cladding. Any insulation
or backing material removed to facilitate placement of the heat sensing element shall be replaced.
6.12.1.3 Radiant-heat rod, 600 W for each linear foot (0.31 m), mounted parallel to the middle course and approximately 32 in.
(810 mm) away from the surface of the insulated vinyl siding.
6.12.1.4 Temperature-control device, used to regulate the temperature of the radiant-heat rod, shall be able to maintain the
conditions specified in 6.12.2.1.
D7793 − 24
6.12.1.5 Gap measurement device. A cylindrical pin gauge, ⁄4 6 0.005 in. (6 6 0.127 mm) in diameter is used to evaluate the size
of any gap in the overlapped sections of horizontal insulated vinyl siding during the heating period. The pin gauge is attached to
a rod such that the gauge can be inserted into a gap while held parallel to the plane of the insulated vinyl siding. The rod shall
be sufficiently long to permit insertion of the gauge from beyond the edge to the test frame, not interfere with the exposure of the
sample to radiant heat, and otherwise not interfere with conduct of the test.
6.12.2 Procedure:
6.12.2.1 Heat the test panel (middle course of insulated vinyl siding) at a rate of 3.0 to 6.0°F/min (1.7 to 3.3°C/min) until a
minimum temperature of 150°F (66°C) is achieved as measured by the heat-sensing element on the midpoint of the backside of
the middle course. For temperatures equal to or greater than 130°F (54°C), the rate of heating is permitted to be not less than
2.0°F/min (1.1°C/min), provided that the average heating rate from the ambient temperature to 150°F (66°C) is within 3.0 to
6.0°F/min (1.7 to 3.3°C/min). When a temperature of 150°F (66°C) is attained, shut off the heat source.
6.12.2.2 During this heating period, observe the middle course of the insulated vinyl siding for surface distortion and observe for
any opening or gap at the end of the overlapped section. If the overlap appears to have opened to approximately ⁄4 in. (6 mm),
attempt to insert the gap measurement device into the opening. If the device can be inserted into the opening to any depth at any
location along the overlap, the opening shall be considered to be at least ⁄4 in. (6 mm).
6.12.2.3 Failure is defined as:
(1) the appearance of bulges, waves, or ripples on any surface of the middle course of the insulated vinyl siding; or
(2) occurrence of a gap or opening ⁄4 in. (6 mm) or greater at any point along the end of the overlapped section, as determined
by use of the gap measurement device, at any time before a temperature of 150°F (66°C) is reached.
6.13 Color Uniformity—Calculate the difference between the L , a , and b color coordinates for a production specimen to those
H H H
of either the appropriate reference specimen or the agreed upon color coordinates for that specific color product in accordance with
Test Method D2244. Calculate the total difference ΔE between the production specimen and the reference specimen in accordance
with Test Method D2244.
6.14 Wind Load Resistance—Conduct the test on wind load resistance of finished insulated vinyl siding in accordance with Test
Method D5206. The average maximum sustained static test pressure determined from this testing is used in 5.2.3. For purposes
of determining compliance with the minimum test pressure and standard design pressure requirements in 5.2.3, the test structure
shall be constructed with vertical studs 16 inches on center. The siding shall be tested with insulation attached to the vinyl siding.
7 1
The siding in the test installation shall be installed over wood sheathing with a nominal thickness of ⁄16 to ⁄2 inch, and fastened
as follows:
1 5
6.14.1 Fastener Type—Roofing nail, smooth shank, 0.120 in. ( ⁄8 in. nominal; 3.2 mm) shank diameter, ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) head
diameter, length as necessary to penetrate into sheathing and stud a total of 1 ⁄4 in. (32 mm). For vertical siding, length as necessary
to penetrate the thickness of the sheathing plus ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm).
6.14.2 Fastener Spacing—Every 16 in. (406 mm) into center of stud for horizontal siding. For vertical siding, every 12 inches into
sheathing only.
6.14.3 Fasteners shall not be driven tightly against the siding. Allow approximately ⁄32 in. (0.8 mm) clearance between the fastener
head and siding surface.
NOTE 12—The installation details described 6.14 conform to the minimum requirements of the 2015 International Residential Code and the VSI Vinyl
Siding Installation Manual.
6.15 Nail Slot Allowance for Thermal Expansion—As an alternative to conformance with the nail slot width specification in
5.2.3.1 or 5.2.3.2, provision for thermal expansion and contraction shall be demonstrated through the following test procedure.
6.15.1 Samples—At least three samples of each profile in which the insulated vinyl siding is produced shall be provided. The
length of each sample shall be at least 50 % of the longest length in which the profile is produced, and not shorter than 12 ft (3658
mm).
D7793 − 24
6.15.2 Test Chamber—The test chamber shall consist of an environmentally controlled room or compartment capable of providing
an air temperature range of at least 0 to 100°F (-18 to 38°C) without exposure of the panel to radiant energy from heating or cooling
elements. Air temperature shall be controlled such that a rate of temperature change of 2°F (1.11°C) per minute can be achieved
over the full temperature range, and the minimum and maximum temperatures can be maintained for at least 15 minutes. Means
for circulating air to provide a uniform air temperature throughout the chamber shall be provided. A vertical wall shall be provided
for mounting of samples. The wall shall be insulated such that, with no panels mounted, the inner surface of the wall does not
deviate more than 10°F (5.5°C) from the air temperature at the high and low temperature extremes after a holding period of five
minutes. The test chamber shall be of sufficient size to accommodate the longest panel to be tested, including expected thermal
expansion of the panel. Means shall be provided to measure the actual temperature of the surface of each panel at a minimum of
three evenly-spaced locations along the length of the panel.
6.15.3 Length Measurement—A means for measuring the length of each sample throughout the temperature range shall be
provided. The method utilized for length measurement shall not be influenced by the temperature of the chamber and shall have
a minimum resolution of no greater than 0.0625 in. (1.59 mm).
6.15.4 Procedure—Install the sample panels on the wall inside the test chamber, following the manufacturer’s instructions for
fastener type, spacing, location and tightness. At ambient temperature measure and record the length of each panel and the
temperature of the panel, averaged from a minimum of three locations along the length of the panel.
6.15.4.1 Test Cycle—Test cycles shall be performed by raising the air temperature to 100 6 5°F (38 6 2.75°C) at an average rate
of 2°F (1.11°C) per minute, holding the air temperature at 100°F (38 6 2.75°C) for 15 minutes, lowering the air temperature to
0 6 5°F (-18 6 2.75°C) at an average rate of 2°F (1.11°C) per minute, holding at 0°F (-18 6 2.75°C) for 15 minutes, and returning
to ambient temperature at an average rate of 2°F per minute.
6.15.4.2 Conditioning—Close the test chamber and perform at least two conditioning cycles using the procedure in 6.15.4.1. No
interruption is required between conditioning cycles.
6.15.4.3 Test—Following completion of the conditioning cycles, conduct three test cycles using the procedure in 6.15.4.1. It is
acceptable for the test cycles to follow immediately upon completion of the final conditioning cycle, and no interruption is required
between test cycles. After a minimum holding period of 15 minutes at the high and low extremes of each test cycle, measure and
record the length of each panel and the temperature of the panel, averaged from a minimum of three locations along the length
of the panel.
6.15.5 Normalization—From among the length measurements recorded for all three cycles, identify the shortest and longest length
of each panel, and the average panel temperature at the time that length was recorded. Determine the maximum difference in
length, ΔL, and the maximum difference in temperature, ΔT, by subtracting the smaller from the larger. Normalize the change in
length to the full length of the panel over a 100°F (38°C) temperature range using the following formula:
E 5 ΔL ×~100/ΔT! ×~L /L ! (2)
t f t
where:
E = Total thermal expansion and contraction of a full length panel over a range of 100°F (38°C)
t
ΔL = maximum change in length of the tested panel,
ΔT = maximum change in temperature of the tested pan
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