ASTM D6175-03(2019)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Radial Crush Strength of Extruded Catalyst and Catalyst Carrier Particles
Standard Test Method for Radial Crush Strength of Extruded Catalyst and Catalyst Carrier Particles
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to provide information on the ability of an extruded catalyst to retain physical integrity during use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is suitable for determining the resistance of extruded catalysts and catalyst carriers to compressive force from the side.
1.2 This test method was developed using extruded catalyst and catalyst carriers from 1/16 to 1/8 in. in diameter (0.159 to 0.318 cm) and limited to pieces with a length to diameter ratio greater than or equal to 1:1. This test method may be applicable to other diameters.
1.3 This test method is suitable for the determination of mean crush strength per millimetre in the range of 0 to 15 lbf/mm (0 to 65 N/mm).
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Mar-2019
- Technical Committee
- D32 - Catalysts
- Drafting Committee
- D32.02 - Physical-Mechanical Properties
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2022
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2014
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Aug-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2013
Overview
ASTM D6175-03(2019) is a widely recognized international standard developed by ASTM International for measuring the radial crush strength of extruded catalyst and catalyst carrier particles. This standard test method is crucial for evaluating the physical integrity of catalyst materials, ensuring their durability and effectiveness under compressive forces that occur during industrial applications. The method specifically focuses on particles with cylindrical shapes formed by extrusion, typically in the diameter range of 1/16 to 1/8 inch (0.159 to 0.318 cm), and applies to samples with a length to diameter ratio of at least 1:1. The test determines the mean crush strength for individual extrudates and provides essential data for quality control and product development in catalyst manufacturing.
Key Topics
- Radial crush strength testing: The method measures resistance to compressive force applied from the side, simulating real conditions during catalyst use.
- Sample preparation: Requires careful heat treatment and cooling to prevent moisture uptake, which could affect strength results.
- Precision and repeatability: The standard specifies sampling, testing, and reporting guidelines to ensure consistent and reliable results across laboratories.
- Applicable particle range: Originally designed for extruded catalyst particles within specific size ranges but may be used for other diameters with the same methodology.
- Reporting and calculation: Procedures for calculating mean crush strength per millimeter and standard deviation, ensuring accurate assessment of product performance.
Applications
ASTM D6175-03(2019) is essential for industries involved in the production and utilization of extruded catalysts, particularly in:
- Petrochemical and chemical process industries: To assess the durability of catalyst pellets used in fixed-bed reactors and similar environments.
- Research and development: Useful for evaluating new formulations, materials, or manufacturing techniques to enhance the physical properties of catalyst particles.
- Quality control: Ensures batches of catalyst or carrier meet specified strength requirements before deployment, minimizing the risk of premature degradation during use.
- Supplier standardization: Provides a common testing reference for manufacturers and buyers to evaluate and compare product performance objectively.
This standard is highly valued by laboratories and production managers for its role in optimizing the performance and lifecycle of catalysts in demanding industrial settings.
Related Standards
The ASTM D6175-03(2019) test method references and complements several other standards, including:
- ASTM D3766 - Terminology Relating to Catalysts and Catalysis
- ASTM E177 - Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
- ASTM E456 - Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
- ASTM E691 - Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
These documents provide supporting definitions, statistical practices, and methodologies for establishing precision and ensuring the reliability of test results.
By utilizing ASTM D6175-03(2019), organizations benefit from a standardized, internationally recognized test method for evaluating the physical robustness of extruded catalyst and catalyst carrier particles. This facilitates consistent production quality, reliable performance in chemical processes, and informed materials selection, supporting both regulatory compliance and operational excellence.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D6175-03(2019) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Radial Crush Strength of Extruded Catalyst and Catalyst Carrier Particles". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method is intended to provide information on the ability of an extruded catalyst to retain physical integrity during use. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers and is suitable for determining the resistance of extruded catalysts and catalyst carriers to compressive force from the side. 1.2 This test method was developed using extruded catalyst and catalyst carriers from 1/16 to 1/8 in. in diameter (0.159 to 0.318 cm) and limited to pieces with a length to diameter ratio greater than or equal to 1:1. This test method may be applicable to other diameters. 1.3 This test method is suitable for the determination of mean crush strength per millimetre in the range of 0 to 15 lbf/mm (0 to 65 N/mm). 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method is intended to provide information on the ability of an extruded catalyst to retain physical integrity during use. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers and is suitable for determining the resistance of extruded catalysts and catalyst carriers to compressive force from the side. 1.2 This test method was developed using extruded catalyst and catalyst carriers from 1/16 to 1/8 in. in diameter (0.159 to 0.318 cm) and limited to pieces with a length to diameter ratio greater than or equal to 1:1. This test method may be applicable to other diameters. 1.3 This test method is suitable for the determination of mean crush strength per millimetre in the range of 0 to 15 lbf/mm (0 to 65 N/mm). 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D6175-03(2019) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 19.060 - Mechanical testing. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D6175-03(2019) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D6175-03(2013), ASTM D3766-24a, ASTM D3766-24, ASTM E456-13a(2022)e1, ASTM D3766-08(2018), ASTM E456-13A(2017)e3, ASTM E456-13A(2017)e1, ASTM E177-14, ASTM E456-13ae3, ASTM E456-13ae2, ASTM E456-13ae1, ASTM E456-13a, ASTM E456-13, ASTM E691-13, ASTM E177-13. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D6175-03(2019) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6175 − 03 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Radial Crush Strength of Extruded Catalyst and Catalyst
Carrier Particles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6175; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
ASTM Test Methods
1.1 This test method covers and is suitable for determining
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
the resistance of extruded catalysts and catalyst carriers to
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
compressive force from the side.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.2 This test method was developed using extruded catalyst
1 1
and catalyst carriers from ⁄16 to ⁄8 in. in diameter (0.159 to
3. Terminology
0.318 cm) and limited to pieces with a length to diameter ratio
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D3766.
greaterthanorequalto1:1.Thistestmethodmaybeapplicable
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
to other diameters.
3.2.1 extruded catalyst particles—cylindrical particles with
1.3 This test method is suitable for the determination of
uniform cross sections, either solid, hollow core, or multi-
mean crush strength per millimetre in the range of 0 to
lobed, formed by extrusion.
15 lbf⁄mm (0 to 65 N⁄mm).
4. Summary of Test Method
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4.1 Individual extrudates taken from a representative
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
sample are calcined, measured in length, placed between two
and are not considered standard.
flat surfaces, and subjected to a compressive force. The force
required to crush the extrudate is measured. The procedure is
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the replicated, the force per millimetre calculated, and the average
of all quotients determined.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5. Significance and Use
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.1 This test method is intended to provide information on
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the ability of an extruded catalyst to retain physical integrity
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
during use.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
6. Apparatus
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6.1 A suitable compression testing device is required, com-
posed of the following:
2. Referenced Documents
6.1.1 Calibrated Pressure or Force Gage, marked for direct
2.1 ASTM Standards: reading of the force in pounds force (Newtons) with a range
D3766 Terminology Relating to Catalysts and Catalysis about two times the expected average force reading.Asuitable
system (mechanical, hydraulic, or pneumatic) must be pro-
vided so that the rate of force applied is both uniform and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D32 on
controllable within specified limits (see 9.4).
Catalysts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.02 on Physical-
6.1.2 Tool Steel Anvils, between which the sample will be
Mechanical Properties.
crushed. The faces of the tool steel anvils shall be smooth and
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published April 2019. Originally
free from hollows or ridges that would interfere with uniform
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D6175–03(2013).
DOI: 10.1520/D6175-03R19.
contact along the length of the extrudate. The faces shall be
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
parallel to each along their entire length of travel. The faces of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
both anvils must be longer in one dimension than the length of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. the sample pieces to be crushed.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6175 − 03 (2019)
6.2 Adevice for determining length, reading in millimetres,
and of suitable accuracy to measure to the nearest tenth.
7. Sampling
7.1 A test sample of 50 to 200 individual particles shall be
obtained from larger composites by riffling or splitting accord-
ing to STP 447A, with the aim of obtaining a representative
sample that represents both the shape and size of the larger
composite. The amount of the sample shall depend on the
precision required and the homogeneity of the material being
tested.Alloftheindividualparticlessampledthathavealength
to diameter ratio greater than or equal to one shall be tested.
7.2 Heat the test sample(s) at 400 6 15 °C for not less than
3h.
NOTE 1—Moisture pick-up by extrudates is often rapid and the
measured crush strength may be affected.
7.3 After heating, cool the test sample(s) in a desiccator or
other suitable container to prevent the adsorption of moisture
before testing.
NOTE2—Ifthecatalystmaybedamagedat400 °C,alowertemperature
can be used so long as it is specified with the result. Normally, this
treatment can take place in air. However, for materials that might react
with air at elevated temperatures (such as prereduced catalysts), the heat
treatment should take place in an inert atmosphere.
NOTE 3—Since many catalyst formulations are strong adsorbents, the
use of 4A indicating (cobalt-treated) molecular sieves as a desiccating
medium is suggested. Regenerate the desiccant at 220 to 260 °C, as
required.
FIG. 1 Placement of Extrudate Between Anvils
8. Calibration and St
...
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