ASTM D6661-17
(Practice)Standard Practice for Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces Using Wipe Sampling
Standard Practice for Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces Using Wipe Sampling
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Wipe sampling is typically used by persons involved in hazardous waste site investigations to characterize the areal extent and the level of contamination on walls, floors, equipment, etc. Wipe sampling is also used to determine compliance with regulations.
5.2 There are many factors that contribute to variation in sampling results during wipe sampling, including the use of different pressures applied to the wipe, different kinds of wipes, different wiping patterns, the texture of the surface being wiped, and perhaps even the duration of wiping. The significance of this practice is that it standardizes wiping procedures to reduce sampling variability in the collection of samples from smooth, nonporous surfaces such as metal, glass, painted or sealed surfaces, tile, etc., in and around buildings and from pipes, tanks, decontaminated equipment, etc.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice addresses sampling of organic compounds (that is, PCBs, dioxins, many pesticides and similar compounds) from smooth nonporous surfaces using a solvent-wetted wipe sampling method. Samples are collected in a manner that permits the solvent extraction of the organic compound(s) of interest from the wipes and subsequent determination using a laboratory analysis technique such as gas chromatography with a suitable detector. This practice is, however, unsuitable for the collection of volatile organic compounds.
1.2 This practice should only be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compound(s) on a loading basis (for example, mass per unit area). It cannot be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compounds on a concentration basis (for example, mass per unit mass).
1.3 This wipe sampling practice is not recommended for collecting samples of organic compounds from rough or porous surfaces such as upholstery, carpeting, brick, rough concrete, ceiling tiles, and bare wood. It is also not intended for the collection of dust samples (see Guide E1278) or sampling to estimate human exposure to contaminated surfaces.
1.4 To ensure valid conclusions are reached, a sufficient number of samples must be obtained as directed by a sampling design (the number and location of samples including quality control samples) and a quality assurance/quality control plan. This practice does not address the sampling designs used to achieve the data quality objectives (see Practice D5792).
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6661 − 17
Standard Practice for
Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces
1
Using Wipe Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6661; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice addresses sampling of organic compounds
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
(that is, PCBs, dioxins, many pesticides and similar com-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
pounds) from smooth nonporous surfaces using a solvent-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
wetted wipe sampling method. Samples are collected in a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
manner that permits the solvent extraction of the organic
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
compound(s) of interest from the wipes and subsequent deter-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mination using a laboratory analysis technique such as gas
chromatography with a suitable detector. This practice is,
2. Referenced Documents
however, unsuitable for the collection of volatile organic
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
compounds.
D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
1.2 This practice should only be used to collect samples for
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
the determination of organic compound(s) on a loading basis
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
(for example, mass per unit area). It cannot be used to collect
lated to Waste Management Activities: Development of
samples for the determination of organic compounds on a
Data Quality Objectives
concentration basis (for example, mass per unit mass).
E1278 Guide for Radioactive Pathway Methodology for
1.3 This wipe sampling practice is not recommended for
Release of Sites Following Decommissioning (Withdrawn
3
collectingsamplesoforganiccompoundsfromroughorporous
2005)
surfaces such as upholstery, carpeting, brick, rough concrete,
ceiling tiles, and bare wood. It is also not intended for the
3. Terminology
collection of dust samples (see Guide E1278) or sampling to
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
estimate human exposure to contaminated surfaces.
practice, refer to Terminology D5681.
1.4 To ensure valid conclusions are reached, a sufficient
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
number of samples must be obtained as directed by a sampling
3.2.1 wipe, n—sorbent material (for example, cotton gauze)
design (the number and location of samples including quality
that is rubbed on a surface to collect a sample for chemical
control samples) and a quality assurance/quality control plan.
analysis.
This practice does not address the sampling designs used to
achieve the data quality objectives (see Practice D5792).
4. Summary of Practice
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 A wipe sample is collected from a smooth, nonporous
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
surface with a solvent-wetted wipe following a specified
standard.
pattern of wiping to ensure complete coverage of an area of
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specified dimensions. The wipe is then extracted and analyzed
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to detect and quantify (at least semiquantitatively) the presence
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- of organic compounds on surfaces.
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Sampling Techniques. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6661 – 10. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D6661-17. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6661 − 17
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6661 − 10 D6661 − 17
Standard Practice for
Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces
1
Using Wipe Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6661; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice addresses sampling of organic compounds (i.e., (that is, PCBs, dioxins, many pesticides and similar
compounds) from smooth nonporous surfaces using a solvent-wetted wipe sampling method. Samples are collected in a manner
that permits the solvent extraction of the organic compound(s) of interest from the wipes and subsequent determination using a
laboratory analysis technique such as gas chromatography with a suitable detector. This practice is, however, unsuitable for the
collection of volatile organic compounds.
1.2 This practice should only be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compound(s) on a loading basis (e.g.,
(for example, mass per unit area). It cannot be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compounds on a
concentration basis (e.g., (for example, mass per unit mass).
1.3 This wipe sampling practice is not recommended for collecting samples of organic compounds from rough or porous
surfaces such as upholstery, carpeting, brick, rough concrete, ceiling tiles, and bare wood. It is also not intended for the collection
of dust samples (see PracticeGuide E1278) or sampling to estimatingestimate human exposure to contaminated surfaces.
1.4 To ensure valid conclusions are reached, a sufficient number of samples must be obtained as directed by a sampling design
(the number and location of samples including quality control samples) and a quality assurance/quality control plan. This practice
does not address the sampling designs used to achieve the data quality objectives (see Practice D5792).
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste Management Activities: Development of Data Quality
Objectives
3
E1278 Guide for Radioactive Pathway Methodology for Release of Sites Following Decommissioning (Withdrawn 2005)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology D5681.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.02 on Sampling
Techniques.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2017. Published January 2011December 2017. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20062010
as D6661D6661 – 10.-01 (2006). DOI: 10.1520/D6661-10.10.1520/D6661-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6661 − 17
3.2.1 wipe, n—sorbent material (e.g., (for example, cotton gauze) that is rubbed on a surface to collect a sample for chemical
analysis.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 A wipe sample is collected from a smooth, nonporous surface with a solvent-wetted wipe
...
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