ASTM D341-09

Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum Products

ABSTRACT
This test method details the standard procedure for plotting viscosity-temperature charts that ascertain the kinematic viscosity of a petroleum oil or liquid hydrocarbon at any temperature within a limited range, provided that the kinematic viscosities at two temperatures are known.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers kinematic viscosity-temperature charts (see Figs. 1 and 2), which are a convenient means to ascertain the kinematic viscosity of a petroleum oil or liquid hydrocarbon at any temperature within a limited range, provided that the kinematic viscosities at two temperatures are known.
1.2 The charts are designed to permit petroleum oil kinematic viscosity-temperature data to plot as a straight line. The charts here presented provide a significant improvement in linearity over the charts previously available under Method D341–43. This increases the reliability of extrapolation to higher temperatures.
1.3 The values provided in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2009
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D341-03 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum Products
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Replaced By: ASTM D341-09(2015) - Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D7416-09(2020) - Standard Practice for Analysis of In-Service Lubricants Using a Particular Five-Part (Dielectric Permittivity, Time-Resolved Dielectric Permittivity with Switching Magnetic Fields, Laser Particle Counter, Microscopic Debris Analysis, and Orbital Viscometer) Integrated Tester
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D8210-22 - Standard Test Method for Automatic Determination of Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants Using a Rotational Viscometer
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D2983-22 - Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6074-15(2022) - Standard Guide for Characterizing Hydrocarbon Lubricant Base Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D2493/D2493M-16 - Standard Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Chart for Asphalt Binders
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7152-11(2016)e1 - Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity of a Blend of Petroleum Products
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7945-21a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic Viscosity of Liquids by Constant Pressure Viscometer
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7110-21 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Viscosity-Temperature Relationship of Used and Soot-Containing Engine Oils at Low Temperatures
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D2422-97(2018) - Standard Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity System
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7042-21a - Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D2170/D2170M-22 - Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D2270-10(2016) - Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D5133-20a - Standard Test Method for Low Temperature, Low Shear Rate, Viscosity/Temperature Dependence of Lubricating Oils Using a Temperature-Scanning Technique
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D341 − 09
StandardPractice for
Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum
1
Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D341; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of DynamicViscos-
1.1 This practice covers kinematic viscosity-temperature
ity)
charts (see Figs. 1 and 2), which are a convenient means to
3
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
ascertain the kinematic viscosity of a petroleum oil or liquid
Viscosity-Temperature Charts 1–7
hydrocarbon at any temperature within a limited range, pro-
vided that the kinematic viscosities at two temperatures are
3. Technical Hazard
known.
3.1 Warning—Thechartsshouldbeusedonlyinthatrange
1.2 The charts are designed to permit petroleum oil kine-
inwhichthehydrocarbonorpetroleumfluidsarehomogeneous
matic viscosity-temperature data to plot as a straight line. The
liquids.The suggested range is thus between the cloud point at
charts here presented provide a significant improvement in
low temperatures and the initial boiling point at higher tem-
linearity over the charts previously available under Method
peratures. The charts provide improved linearity in both low
D341–43. This increases the reliability of extrapolation to
kinematic viscosity and at temperatures up to 340°C (approxi-
higher temperatures.
mately650°F)orhigher.Somehigh-boilingpointmaterialscan
1.3 The values provided in SI units are to be regarded as
show a small deviation from a straight line as low as 280°C
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
(approximately 550°F), depending on the individual sample or
information only.
accuracy of the data. Reliable data can be usefully plotted in
the high temperature region even if it does exhibit some
2. Referenced Documents
curvature. Extrapolations into such regions from lower tem-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
peratureswilllackaccuracy,however.Experimentaldatataken
below the cloud point or temperature of crystal growth will
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
generally not be of reliable repeatability for interpolation or
Products and Lubricants and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07
extrapolation on the charts. It should also be emphasized that
on Flow Properties.
fluidsotherthanhydrocarbonswillusuallynotplotasastraight
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally
approved in 1932. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D341–03. DOI: line on these charts.
10.1520/D0341-09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
the ASTM website. ADJD0341CS. Original adjunct produced in 1965.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D341 − 09
2
FIG. 1 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart I High Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
D341 − 09
3
FIG. 2 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart II Low Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
D341 − 09
4. Description provided for convenience in connection with reports and data
evaluation.ChartsIIIandIVarethesameasChartsIandIIand
4.1 The charts are designed to permit kinematic viscosity-
are provided in greatly reduced scale for convenience in
temperature data for a petroleum oil or fraction, and hydrocar-
connection with reports or quick evaluation of data. These
bons in general, to plot as a straight line over a wide range.
3 latter charts are not recommended for use where the most
Seven charts are available as follows:
accurate interpolations or extrapolations are desired.
Chart I—Kinematic Viscosity, High Range:
Kinematic Viscosity: 0.3 to 20 000 000 cSt
5. Procedure
Temperature: −70 to +370°C
Size: 680 by 820 mm (26.75 by 32.25 in.)
5.1 Plot two known kinematic viscosity-temperature points
Pad of 50
onthechart.Drawasharplydefinedstraightlinethroughthem.
ADJD034101
Chart II—Kinematic Viscosity, Low Range:
A point on this line, within t
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D 341–03
StandardStandard TPracticeest Methodfor for Designation:D341–09
Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum
1
Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D341; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1The kinematic viscosity-temperature charts (see *
1.1 This practice covers kinematic viscosity-temperature charts (see Figs. 1 and 2) covered by this standard ), which are a
convenientmeanstoascertainthekinematicviscosityofapetroleumoilorliquidhydrocarbonatanytemperaturewithinalimited
range, provided that the kinematic viscosities at two temperatures are known.
1.2 The charts are designed to permit petroleum oil kinematic viscosity-temperature data to plot as a straight line. The charts
here presented provide a significant improvement in linearity over the charts previously available under Method D341–43. This
increases the reliability of extrapolation to higher temperatures.
1.3 ThevaluesprovidedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareprovidedforinformation
only.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445445 TestMethodforKinematicViscosityofTransparentandOpaqueLiquids(the(andCalculationofDynamicViscosity)
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
3
Adjunct D 341, Viscosity-Temperature Charts 1–7
Viscosity-Temperature Charts 1–7
3. Technical Hazard
3.1 CautionWarning—The charts should be used only in that range in which the hydrocarbon or petroleum fluids are
homogeneous liquids. The suggested range is thus between the cloud point at low temperatures and the initial boiling point at
higher temperatures. The charts provide improved linearity in both low kinematic viscosity and at temperatures up to 340°C
(approximately 650°F) or higher. Some high-boiling point materials can show a small deviation from a straight line as low as
280°C (approximately 550°F), depending on the individual sample or accuracy of the data. Reliable data can be usefully plotted
in the high temperature region even if it does exhibit some curvature. Extrapolations into such regions from lower temperatures
will lack accuracy, however. Experimental data taken below the cloud point or temperature of crystal growth will generally not
be of reliable repeatability for interpolation or extrapolation on the charts. It should also be emphasized that fluids other than
hydrocarbons will usually not plot as a straight line on these charts.
4. Description
4.1 The charts are designed to permit kinematic viscosity-temperature data for a petroleum oil or fraction, and hydrocarbons
3
in general, to plot as a straight line over a wide range. Seven charts are available as follows:
1
These charts are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD02onPetroleumProductsandLubricantsandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD02.07onFlow
Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2003. Published January 2004. Originally approved in 1932. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 341–93 (1998).
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally approved in 1932. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D341–03. DOI:
10.1520/D0341-09.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD0341CS.
3
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD0341CS. Original adjunct produced in 1965.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D341–09
2
FIG. 1 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart I High Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
D341–09
3
FIG. 2 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart II Low Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
D341–09
...