ASTM E2348-17
(Guide)Standard Guide for Framework for a Consensus-based Environmental Decision-making Process
Standard Guide for Framework for a Consensus-based Environmental Decision-making Process
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This standard guide is designed to help the owners and regulators of a specific environmental problem to identify and integrate affected stakeholders and establish a process to identify and work through all the key questions and answers essential to a mutually acceptable decision. This standard guide presents a “framework” that is intended to help ensure that all the CBED process components (that is, human health, ecological condition, socio-cultural values and economic well-being) are considered, but is designed to allow the user to interpret which components of the process are applicable and how these components are defined for the specific environmental problem being addressed. It also provides general guidance to help with selecting approaches and methods for specific analyses of each of the major CBED components (that is, human health, ecological condition, socio-cultural values, and economic well-being). The CBED process can be easily coupled with other relevant standards (for example Guides E1739, E1984, E2205, and E2876) and environmental compliance guidance and requirements, for example, Quality of Stakeholder-Based Decisions and Understanding Risk, 40 CRF 1501, 10 CFR 20, and Marine Mammals Protection Act of 1972.
5.2 The CBED process is appropriate in two contexts: (1) when a specific project is proposed; and (2) when there are or may be public concerns about specific health, environmental, cultural, social or economic issues.
5.3 Involving affected stakeholders actively in the decision-making process reorients that process from one dominated by regulators and owners to one that includes those who live with the consequences of the decision. This not only increases the successful implementation of decisions, but also can promote greater trust in government, industry and other institutions (P/CCRARM, 1997a).
SCOPE
1.1 This guide presents a framework for a stakeholder-focused Consensus-based Environmental Decision-making (CBED) process, which is a stakeholder-empowered, process to prioritize and select actions to be initiated with the goal of optimizing many types of environmental decisions that may affect a community or communities.
1.2 This guide is intended to describe a highly flexible CBED process, and therefore does not recommend a specific course of action for this activity.
1.3 This guide is intended to assist in implementing a CBED process, which allows assessing the full impact of any project- or issue-related decisions related to human health, ecological, socio-cultural or economic impacts.2
1.4 This guide is not intended to replace existing environmental decision-making or public participation processes. It may be used with other processes or standards that address stakeholder involvement in environmental decision-making.
1.5 Limitations—This standard does not address the specific methods for generating or evaluating technical data related to assessing a particular environmental issues. The user should seek other sources on methods to gather information for completion of models or other analyses that may be used during a CBED process. This standard may not fully address the rights of owners of real property or the potential impact (positive or negative) on the value of real property of a decision made using this process.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2348 − 17
Standard Guide for
Framework for a Consensus-based Environmental Decision-
1
making Process
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2348; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This guide presents a framework for a stakeholder-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
focused Consensus-based Environmental Decision-making
E1739 Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action Applied at
(CBED) process, which is a stakeholder-empowered, process
Petroleum Release Sites
to prioritize and select actions to be initiated with the goal of
E1984 Guide for Brownfields Redevelopment (Withdrawn
4
optimizing many types of environmental decisions that may
2012)
affect a community or communities.
E2205 Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action for Protec-
tion of Ecological Resources
1.2 This guide is intended to describe a highly flexible
E2876 Guide for Integrating Sustainable Objectives into
CBED process, and therefore does not recommend a specific
Cleanup
course of action for this activity.
2.2 Other Documents:
1.3 ThisguideisintendedtoassistinimplementingaCBED
P/CCRARM (The Presidential/Congressional Commission
process, which allows assessing the full impact of any project-
on Risk Assessment and Risk Management),
or issue-related decisions related to human health, ecological,
2
1997a, Framework for Environmental Health Risk Man-
socio-cultural or economic impacts.
5
agement. Final Report. Volume I.
1.4 This guide is not intended to replace existing environ-
P/CCRARM (The Presidential/Congressional Commission
mental decision-making or public participation processes. It
on Risk Assessment and Risk Management), 1997b, Risk
may be used with other processes or standards that address
Assessment and Risk Management in Regulatory
stakeholder involvement in environmental decision-making.
6
Decision-Making. Volume II.
1.5 Limitations—This standard does not address the specific
Quality of Stakeholder-Based Decisions and Understanding
7
methods for generating or evaluating technical data related to Risk
assessing a particular environmental issues. The user should 40CFR, Part 1501-1506, The Quality of Stakeholder-Based
seek other sources on methods to gather information for Decisions: Lessons from the Case Study Record, Re-
8
completion of models or other analyses that may be used sources for the Future
during a CBED process. This standard may not fully address 10CFR Part 20, NEPAandAgency Planning; "Standards for
the rights of owners of real property or the potential impact Protection Against Radiation," Subpart E, "Radiological
8
(positiveornegative)onthevalueofrealpropertyofadecision Criteria for License Termination.
made using this process. Section 117(d) of the Marine Mammals Protection Act of
1 3
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE50onEnvironmental For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibil- contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ity of Subcommittee E50.05 on Environmental Risk Management. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2017. Published January 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
4
approvedin2006.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2010asE2348–06(2010).DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/E2348-17. www.astm.org.
2 5
The CBED process is not meant to replace other processes, such as the U.S. Available at http://www.riskworld.com/Nreports/nr7me001.htm.
6
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process. The strength of the CBED Available at http://www.riskworld.com/Nreports/nr7me001.htm
7
process is to empower the stakeholders in an organized fashion to focus on specific Available at: http://www.rff.org/Documents/RFF-DP-00-56.pdf
8
issues that tend to result in litigation and long delays and can be readily used in Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
conjunction with NEPA and/or other public participation processes. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2348 − 17
9
1972 16 U.S.C. 1386, Section 117 initiate with the goal of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2348 − 06 (Reapproved 2010) E2348 − 17
Standard Guide for
Framework for a Consensus-based Environmental Decision-
1
making Process
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2348; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide presents a framework for a stakeholder-focused Consensus-based Environmental Decision-making (CBED)
process, which is a stakeholder-empowered, process to prioritize and select actions to be initiated with the goal of optimizing many
types of environmental decisions that may affect a community or communities.
1.2 This guide is intended to describe a highly flexible CBED process, and therefore does not recommend a specific course of
action for this activity.
1.3 This guide is intended to assist in implementing a CBED process, which allows assessing the full impact of any project-
2
or issue-related decisions related to human health, ecological, socio-cultural or economic impacts.
1.4 This guide is not intended to replace existing environmental decision-making or public participation processes. It may be
used with other processes or standards that address stakeholder involvement in environmental decision-making.
1.5 Limitations—This standard does not address the specific methods for generating or evaluating technical data related to
assessing a particular environmental issues. The user should seek other sources on methods to gather information for completion
of models or other analyses that may be used during a CBED process. This standard may not fully address the rights of owners
of real property or the potential impact (positive or negative) on the value of real property of a decision made using this process.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1739 Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action Applied at Petroleum Release Sites
4
E1984 Guide for Brownfields Redevelopment (Withdrawn 2012)
E2205 Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action for Protection of Ecological Resources
E2876 Guide for Integrating Sustainable Objectives into Cleanup
2.2 Other Documents:
P/CCRARM (The Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management), 1997a, Framework for
5
Environmental Health Risk Management. Final Report. Volume I.
P/CCRARM (The Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management), 1997b, Risk Assess-
6
ment and Risk Management in Regulatory Decision-Making. Volume II.
7
Quality of Stakeholder-Based Decisions and Understanding Risk
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee E50.05 on Environmental Risk Management.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010Jan. 1, 2017. Published January 2011January 2017. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20062010 as
E2348E2348–06(2010).–06.DOI: 10.1520/E2348-06R10. DOI: 10.1520/E2348-17.
2
The CBED process is not meant to replace other processes, such as the U.S. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process. The strength of the CBED process is
to empower the stakeholders in an organized fashion to focus on specific issues that tend to result in litigation and long delays and can be readily used in conjunction with
NEPA and/or other public participation processes.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
5
Available at http://www.riskworld.com/Nreports/nr7me001.htm.
6
Available at http://www.riskworld.com/Nreports/nr7me001.htm
7
Available at: http://www.rff.org/Documents/RFF-DP-00-56.pdf
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2348 − 17
40CFR, Part 1501-1506, The Quality of Stakeholder-Based Decisions: Lessons from the Case Study Record, Resources for the
8
Future
10CFR Part 20, NEPA and Agency Planning; "Standards for Protection Against Radiation," Subpart E, "Radiological Criteria for
8
License Terminat
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2348 − 17
Standard Guide for
Framework for a Consensus-based Environmental Decision-
1
making Process
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2348; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This guide presents a framework for a stakeholder- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
focused Consensus-based Environmental Decision-making E1739 Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action Applied at
(CBED) process, which is a stakeholder-empowered, process Petroleum Release Sites
to prioritize and select actions to be initiated with the goal of E1984 Guide for Brownfields Redevelopment (Withdrawn
4
optimizing many types of environmental decisions that may 2012)
affect a community or communities. E2205 Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action for Protec-
tion of Ecological Resources
1.2 This guide is intended to describe a highly flexible
E2876 Guide for Integrating Sustainable Objectives into
CBED process, and therefore does not recommend a specific
Cleanup
course of action for this activity.
2.2 Other Documents:
1.3 This guide is intended to assist in implementing a CBED
P/CCRARM (The Presidential/Congressional Commission
process, which allows assessing the full impact of any project-
on Risk Assessment and Risk Management),
or issue-related decisions related to human health, ecological,
1997a, Framework for Environmental Health Risk Man-
2
5
socio-cultural or economic impacts.
agement. Final Report. Volume I.
1.4 This guide is not intended to replace existing environ- P/CCRARM (The Presidential/Congressional Commission
mental decision-making or public participation processes. It on Risk Assessment and Risk Management), 1997b, Risk
may be used with other processes or standards that address Assessment and Risk Management in Regulatory
6
stakeholder involvement in environmental decision-making. Decision-Making. Volume II.
Quality of Stakeholder-Based Decisions and Understanding
1.5 Limitations—This standard does not address the specific
7
Risk
methods for generating or evaluating technical data related to
40CFR, Part 1501-1506, The Quality of Stakeholder-Based
assessing a particular environmental issues. The user should
Decisions: Lessons from the Case Study Record, Re-
seek other sources on methods to gather information for
8
sources for the Future
completion of models or other analyses that may be used
10CFR Part 20, NEPA and Agency Planning; "Standards for
during a CBED process. This standard may not fully address
Protection Against Radiation," Subpart E, "Radiological
the rights of owners of real property or the potential impact
8
Criteria for License Termination.
(positive or negative) on the value of real property of a decision
Section 117(d) of the Marine Mammals Protection Act of
made using this process.
1 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental
Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibil- contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ity of Subcommittee E50.05 on Environmental Risk Management. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2017. Published January 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
4
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2348–06(2010). DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/E2348-17. www.astm.org.
2 5
The CBED process is not meant to replace other processes, such as the U.S. Available at http://www.riskworld.com/Nreports/nr7me001.htm.
6
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process. The strength of the CBED Available at http://www.riskworld.com/Nreports/nr7me001.htm
7
process is to empower the stakeholders in an organized fashion to focus on specific Available at: http://www.rff.org/Documents/RFF-DP-00-56.pdf
8
issues that tend to result in litigation and long delays and can be readily used in Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
conjunction with NEPA and/or other public participation processes. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2348 − 17
9
1972 16 U.S.C. 1386, Section 117 initiate with the goal of optimizing environmental decision-
making with respect to human health, ecological, socio-
3. Terminology
...
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