ASTM D6228-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame Photometric Detection (Withdrawn 2019)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame Photometric Detection (Withdrawn 2019)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Many sources of natural gas and petroleum gases contain varying amounts and types of sulfur compounds, which are odorous, corrosive to equipment, and can inhibit or destroy catalysts used in gas processing. Their accurate measurement is essential to gas processing, operation, and utilization.
Small amounts, typically, 1 to 4 ppmv of sulfur odorant compounds, are added to natural gas and liquefied petroleum (LP) gases for safety purposes. Some odorant compounds can be reactive and may be oxidized, forming more stable compounds having lower odor thresholds. These gaseous fuels are analyzed for sulfur odorants to help ensure appropriate odorant levels for safety.
This test method offers a technique to determine individual sulfur species in gaseous fuel and the total sulfur content by calculation. Gas chromatography is used commonly and extensively to determine other components in gaseous fuels including fixed gas and organic components (see Test Method D1945). This test method dictates the use of a specific GC technique with one of the more common detectors for measurement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of individual volatile sulfur-containing compounds in gaseous fuels by gas chromatography (GC) with a flame photometric detector (FPD) or a pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD). The detection range for sulfur compounds is from 20 to 20 000 picograms (pg) of sulfur. This is equivalent to 0.02 to 20 mg/m3 or 0.014 to 14 ppmv of sulfur based upon the analysis of a 1-mL sample.
1.2 This test method describes a GC method using capillary column chromatography with either an FPD or PFPD.
1.3 This test method does not intend to identify all individual sulfur species. Total sulfur content of samples can be estimated from the total of the individual compounds determined. Unknown compounds are calculated as monosulfur-containing compounds.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the determination of individual volatile sulfur-containing compounds in gaseous fuels by gas chromatography (GC) with a flame photometric detector (FPD) or a pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD).
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels, this test method was withdrawn in January 2019 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
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Designation: D6228 − 10
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and
Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame
1
Photometric Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6228; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3609Practice for Calibration Techniques Using Perme-
ation Tubes
1.1 This test method covers the determination of individual
D4468Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by
volatile sulfur-containing compounds in gaseous fuels by gas
Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
chromatography(GC)withaflamephotometricdetector(FPD)
D4626Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
or a pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD). The detection
Response Factors
range for sulfur compounds is from 20 to 20000 picograms
3
D5287Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels
(pg) of sulfur. This is equivalent to 0.02 to 20 mg/m or 0.014
D5504TestMethodforDeterminationofSulfurCompounds
to14ppmvofsulfurbasedupontheanalysisofa1-mLsample.
in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatogra-
1.2 This test method describes a GC method using capillary
phy and Chemiluminescence
column chromatography with either an FPD or PFPD.
E840PracticeforUsingFlamePhotometricDetectorsinGas
1.3 This test method does not intend to identify all indi-
Chromatography
vidual sulfur species. Total sulfur content of samples can be
2.2 EPA Standards:
estimated from the total of the individual compounds deter-
EPA–15Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide, Carbonyl Sul-
mined. Unknown compounds are calculated as monosulfur-
fide and Carbon Disulfide Emissions from Stationary
containing compounds.
Sources, 40 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 60, Appendix A
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
EPA–16SemicontinuousDeterminationofSulfurEmissions
standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for infor-
from Stationary Sources, 40 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 60,
mation only.
Appendix A
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
3. Terminology
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
3.1 Abbreviations:
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
3.1.1 A common abbreviation of a hydrocarbon compound
limitations prior to use.
is to designate the number of carbon atoms in the compound.
2. Referenced Documents
A prefix is used to indicate the carbon chain form, while a
2
subscript suffix denotes the number of carbon atoms, for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
example, normal decane = n-C , isotetradecane = i-C .
D1265Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) 10 14
Gases, Manual Method 3.1.2 Sulfur compounds commonly are referred to by their
D1945Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas initials,chemicalorformula,forexample,methylmercaptan=
Chromatography
MeSH, dimethyl sulfide = DMS, carbonyl sulfide = COS,
di-t-butyl trisulfide = DtB-TS, and tetrahydothiophene = THT
or thiophane.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD03onGaseous
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.05 on Determination of
4. Summary of Test Method
Special Constituents of Gaseous Fuels.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originally
4.1 Sample Collection—Sulfuranalysisideallyisperformed
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6228–98(2003).
DOI: 10.1520/D6228-10.
on-site to eliminate potential sample deterioration during
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
storage. The reactive nature of sulfur components may pose
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
problems both in sampling and analysis. Samples should be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. collectedandstoredincontainersthatarenonreactivetosulfur
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6228 − 10
3
compounds,suchasTedlar bags.Samplecontainersshouldbe 6. Apparatus
filled and purged at least three times to ensure representative
6.1 Chromatograph—Any gas chromatograph that has the
sampling. Laboratory equipment also must be inert, well
following performance characteristics can be used.
conditioned, and passivated with a gas containing the sulfur
6.1.1 Sample Inlet System—Gas samples are introduced to
compounds of interest to ensure reliable results. Frequent
the gas chromatograph
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6228–98 (Reapproved 2003) Designation:D6228–10
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and
Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame
1
Photometric Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6228; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of individual volatile sulfur-containing compounds in gaseous fuels by gas
chromatography (GC) with a flame photometric detector (FPD) or a pulsed flame photometric detectonr (PFPD). The detection
3
range for sulfur compounds is from 20 to 20 000 picograms (pg) of sulfur. This is equivalent to 0.02 to 20 mg/m or 0.014 to 14
ppmv of sulfur based upon the analysis of a 1-mL sample.
1.2This test method describes a GC-FPD method using a specific capillary GC column. Other GC-FPD methods, with
differences in GC column and equipment setup and operation, may be used as alternative methods for sulfur compound analysis
with different range and precision, provided that appropriate separation of the sulfur compounds of interest can be achieved.
1.2 This test method describes a GC method using capillary column chromatography with either an FPD or PFPD.
1.3 This test method does not intend to identify all individual sulfur species. Total sulfur content of samples can be estimated
fromthetotaloftheindividualcompoundsdetermined.Unknowncompoundsarecalculatedasmonosulfur-containingcompounds.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1072Test Method for Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases by Combustion and Barium Chloride Titration
D1265
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method
D1945 Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography
D3609 Practice for Calibration Techniques Using Permeation Tubes
D4468
D4468 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
D4626
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors
D5287
D5287 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels
D5504
D5504 Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and
Chemiluminescence
E840
E840 Practice for Using Flame Photometric Detectors in Gas Chromatography
2.2 EPA Standards:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.05 on Determination of
Special Constituents of Gaseous Fuels.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published August 2003. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D6228–98. DOI:
10.1520/D6228-98R03.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6228 – 98(2003). DOI:
10.1520/D6228-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6228–10
EPA–15 Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide, Carbonyl Sulfide and Carbon Disulfide Emissions from Stationary Sources, 40
CFR, Chapter 1, Part 60, Appendix A
EPA–16 Semicontinuous Determination of Sulfur Emissions from Stationary Sources, 40 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 60, Appendix
A
3. Terminology
3.1 Abbreviations:
3.1.1 Acommonabbreviationofahydrocarboncompoundistodesignatethenumberofcarbonatomsinthecompound.Aprefix
is used to indicate the carbon chain form, while a subscript suffix denotes the number of carbon atoms, for example, normal decane
= n-C , isotetradecane = i-C .
10 14
3.1.2 Sulfur compounds commonly are referred to by their
...
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