ASTM D6228-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame Photometric Detection
Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame Photometric Detection
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many sources of natural gas and petroleum gases contain varying amounts and types of sulfur compounds, which are odorous, corrosive to equipment, and can inhibit or destroy catalysts used in gas processing. Their accurate measurement is essential to gas processing, operation, and utilization.
5.2 Small amounts, typically, 1 to 4 ppmv of sulfur odorant compounds, are added to natural gas and liquefied petroleum (LP) gases for safety purposes. Some odorant compounds can be reactive and may be oxidized, forming more stable compounds having lower odor thresholds. These gaseous fuels are analyzed for sulfur odorants to help ensure appropriate odorant levels for safety.
5.3 This test method offers a technique to determine individual sulfur species in gaseous fuel and the total sulfur content by calculation. Gas chromatography is used commonly and extensively to determine other components in gaseous fuels including fixed gas and organic components (see Test Method D1945). This test method dictates the use of a specific GC technique with one of the more common detectors for measurement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of individual volatile sulfur-containing compounds in gaseous fuels by gas chromatography (GC) with a flame photometric detector (FPD) or a pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD). The detection range for sulfur compounds is from 20 to 20 000 picograms (pg) of sulfur. This is equivalent to 0.02 to 20 mg/m3 or 0.014 to 14 ppmv of sulfur based upon the analysis of a 1 mL sample.
1.2 This test method describes a GC method using capillary column chromatography with either an FPD or PFPD.
1.3 This test method does not intend to identify all individual sulfur species. Total sulfur content of samples can be estimated from the total of the individual compounds determined. Unknown compounds are calculated as monosulfur-containing compounds.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6228 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and
Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame
1
Photometric Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6228; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of individual 2.1 ASTM Standards:
volatile sulfur-containing compounds in gaseous fuels by gas D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)
chromatography (GC) with a flame photometric detector (FPD) Gases, Manual Method
or a pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD). The detection D1945 Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas
range for sulfur compounds is from 20 to 20 000 picograms Chromatography
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(pg) of sulfur. This is equivalent to 0.02 to 20 mg/m or 0.014 D3609 Practice for Calibration Techniques Using Perme-
to 14 ppmv of sulfur based upon the analysis of a 1 mL sample. ation Tubes
D4468 Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by
1.2 This test method describes a GC method using capillary
Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
column chromatography with either an FPD or PFPD.
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
1.3 This test method does not intend to identify all indi-
Response Factors
vidual sulfur species. Total sulfur content of samples can be
D5287 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels
estimated from the total of the individual compounds deter-
D5504 Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds
mined. Unknown compounds are calculated as monosulfur-
in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatogra-
containing compounds.
phy and Chemiluminescence
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as E840 Practice for Using Flame Photometric Detectors in Gas
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are Chromatography
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2.2 EPA Standards:
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
EPA–15 Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide, Carbonyl Sul-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
fide and Carbon Disulfide Emissions from Stationary
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Sources, 40 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 60, Appendix A
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
EPA–16 Semicontinuous Determination of Sulfur Emissions
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
from Stationary Sources, 40 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 60,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Appendix A
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3. Terminology
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1 Abbreviations:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.1 A common abbreviation of a hydrocarbon compound
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
is to designate the number of carbon atoms in the compound.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.06.01 on Analysis of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Major Constituents by Gas Chromatography. the ASTM website.
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Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally Available from United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), William
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6228 – 10 which was Jefferson Clinton Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460,
withdrawn January 2019 and reinstated in April 2019. DOI: 10.1520/D6228-19. http://www.epa.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D6228 − 19
A prefix is used to indicate the carbon chain form, while a 5.2 Small amounts, typically, 1 to 4 ppmv of sulfur odorant
subscript suffix denotes the number of carbon atoms, for compounds, are added to natural gas and liquefied petroleum
example, normal decane = n-C , isotetradecane = i-C .
(LP) gases for safety purposes. Some odorant compounds can
10 14
3.1.2 Sulfur
...
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