ASTM D92-02a

Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the flash and fire point of petroleum products by a manual Cleveland open cup apparatus or an automated Cleveland open cup apparatus.  
Note 1—The precisions for fire point were not determined in the current interlaboratory program. Fire point is a parameter which is not commonly specified, although in some cases, knowledge of this flammability temperature may be desired.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to all petroleum products with flash points above 79° C (175° F) and below 400° C (752° F) except fuel oils.  
Note 2—This test method may occasionally be specified for the determination of the fire point of a fuel oil. For the determination of the flash points of fuel oils, use Test Method D 93. Test Method D 93 should also be used when it is desired to determine the possible presence of small, but significant concentrations of lower flash point substances which may escape detection by Test Method D 92. Test Method D 1310 can be employed if the flash point is known to be below 79° C (175° F).  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.4, 7.1, 11.1.3, and 11.2.4.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2002
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.08 - Volatility

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D92-02 - Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D92-02b - Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D450/D450M-07(2018) - Standard Specification for Coal-Tar Pitch Used in Roofing, Dampproofing, and Waterproofing
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D6373-23 - Standard Specification for Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C990M-09(2019) - Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants (Metric)
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4378-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Mineral Turbine Oils for Steam, Gas, and Combined Cycle Turbines
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D2170/D2170M-22 - Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D6710-21 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Hydrocarbon-Based Quench Oil
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4280-18 - Standard Specification for Extended Life Type, Nonplowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4731-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Hot-Application Filling Compounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5222-23 - Standard Specification for Less Flammable High Molecular Weight Hydrocarbon Mineral Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D8239-23 - Standard Specification for Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder Using the Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) Test
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D8029-18 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3143/D3143M-19 - Standard Test Method for Flash Point of Cutback Asphalt with Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5404/D5404M-21 - Standard Practice for Recovery of Asphalt Binder from Solution Using the Rotary Evaporator
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: D 92 – 02a
American Association State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T48
DIN 51 376
Designation: 36/84 (89)
Standard Test Method for
1
Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 92; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
This flash point and fire point test method is a dynamic method and depends on definite rates of
temperature increases to control the precision of the test method. Its primary use is for viscous
materials having flash point of 79°C (175°F) and above. It is also used to determine fire point, which
is a temperature above the flash point, at which the test specimen will support combustion for a
minimum of 5 s. Do not confuse this test method with Test Method D 4206, which is a sustained
burning test, open cup type, at a specific temperature of 49°C (120°F).
1. Scope * 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the flash
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
point and fire point of petroleum products by a manual
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Cleveland open cup apparatus or an automated Cleveland open
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
cup apparatus.
statements, see 6.4, 7.1, 11.1.3, and 11.2.4.
NOTE 1—The precisions for fire point were not determined in the
current interlaboratory program. Fire point is a parameter that is not
2. Referenced Documents
commonly specified, although in some cases, knowledge of this flamma-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
bility temperature may be desired.
D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
1.2 This test method is applicable to all petroleum products
2
Closed Cup Tester
with flash points above 79°C (175°F) and below 400°C 3
D 140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
(752°F) except fuel oils.
D 1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Points of
4
Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
NOTE 2—This test method may occasionally be specified for the
determination of the fire point of a fuel oil. For the determination of the D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
5
flash points of fuel oils, use Test Method D 93. Test Method D 93 should
Petroleum Products
also be used when it is desired to determine the possible presence of small,
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
but significant, concentrations of lower flash point substances that may
5
Petroleum Products
escape detection by Test Method D 92. Test Method D 1310 can be
D 4206 Test Method for Sustained Burning of Liquid Mix-
employed if the flash point is known to be below 79°C (175°F).
6
tures by the Setaflash Tester (Open-Cup)
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 7
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
8
E 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
only. 9
2.2 IP Standard:
1 2
This test method is under the joint jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
4
D02.08on Volatility. In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
5
Standardization Committee. This test method was adopted as a joint ASTM-IP Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
6
standard in 1965. This test method has been adopted for use by government agencies Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
7
to replace Method 1103.7 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b, and Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
8
Method 4294 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 141A. Discontinued—See 2000 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
9
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally Available from the Institute of Petroleum, 61 New Cavendish St., London,
published as D 92–21. Last previous edition D 92–02. W1M 8AR, U.K.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinu
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