ASTM D2274-14(2019)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a basis for the estimation of the oxidation stability of middle distillate fuels such as No. 2 fuel oil.
5.2 The test method may not provide a prediction of the quantity of insolubles that will form in field storage over any given period of time. The amount of insolubles formed in such field storage is subject to the specific conditions which are too variable for this test method to predict accurately.
5.3 Test Method D2274 yields results more rapidly than Test Method D4625, the 43 °C bottle test. However, as a result of the significantly elevated temperature and the pure oxygen atmosphere, the nature and amount of insolubles may deviate to a greater extent than Test Method D4625 from those formed in field storage.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the inherent stability of middle distillate petroleum fuels under specified oxidizing conditions at 95 °C.
Note 1: Fuels used in establishing the precision measures for this test method were described as gas oil, diesel fuel, No. 2 heating oil, and DFM, a Navy distillate fuel suitable for diesels, boilers, and gas turbines. (The term DFM is no longer used when referring to fuel meeting MIL-F-16884 requirements; rather it is called F76 as it conforms to NATO F76 requirements.) While the test method may be used for fuels outside the range of these fuels, the precision measures may not apply.
1.2 This test method is not applicable to fuels containing residual oil. This test method has not been validated for testing biodiesel, such as meeting Specification D6751 or blends of middle distillates and biodiesel, such as meeting Specification D7467, or both. Test Method D7462 has been determined to be suitable for testing B100 and all blends of middle distillates and biodiesel.
Note 2: No. 1 and No. 2 grades in Specifications D396 or D975 currently allow up to 5 % biodiesel meeting Specification D6751. Samples containing biodiesel can result in partial dissolution or compromise of the membrane filter and give erroneous results.
1.3 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2274 −14 (Reapproved 2019)
Designation: 388⁄97
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated
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Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2274; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementoftheinherent
stability of middle distillate petroleum fuels under specified
2. Referenced Documents
oxidizing conditions at 95 °C.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 1—Fuels used in establishing the precision measures for this test
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
method were described as gas oil, diesel fuel, No. 2 heating oil, and DFM,
ration
a Navy distillate fuel suitable for diesels, boilers, and gas turbines. (The
term DFM is no longer used when referring to fuel meeting MIL-F-16884
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
requirements; rather it is called F76 as it conforms to NATO F76
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited
requirements.) While the test method may be used for fuels outside the
Mineral Oils
range of these fuels, the precision measures may not apply.
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
1.2 This test method is not applicable to fuels containing
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
residual oil. This test method has not been validated for testing
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
biodiesel, such as meeting Specification D6751 or blends of
Petroleum Products
middle distillates and biodiesel, such as meeting Specification
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
D7467, or both.Test Method D7462 has been determined to be
Petroleum Products
suitable for testing B100 and all blends of middle distillates
D4625 Test Method for Middle Distillate Fuel Storage
and biodiesel.
Stability at 43 °C (110 °F)
NOTE 2—No. 1 and No. 2 grades in Specifications D396 or D975 D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
currentlyallowupto5 %biodieselmeetingSpecificationD6751.Samples
for Middle Distillate Fuels
containing biodiesel can result in partial dissolution or compromise of the
D7462 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel
membrane filter and give erroneous results.
(B100) and Blends of Biodiesel with Middle Distillate
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1.3 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the
Petroleum Fuel (Accelerated Method) (Withdrawn 2016)
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
D7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the (B6 to B20)
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safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.2 Military Specification:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
MIL-F-16884 Fuel, Navy Distillate
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- the ASTM website.
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mittee D02.14 on Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published December 2019. Originally www.astm.org.
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approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D2274 – 14. DOI: Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, 700 Robbins
10.1520/D2274-14R19. Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098. Attn: NPODS
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D2274 − 14 (2019)
3.1.1 adherent insolubles (formerly adheren
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