ASTM A488/A488M-16
(Practice)Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel
Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel
ABSTRACT
This practice covers the qualification of procedures, welders, and operators for the fabrication and repair of steel castings by electric arc welding. The materials are categorized as carbon steel, carbon and carbon-manganese steel, low alloy steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, low carbon austenitic stainless steel, unstabilized austenitic stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, duplex austenitic-ferritic stainless steel, precipitation-hardened austenitic stainless steel, nickel base alloy, steel castings, austenitic manganese. The orientation of the welds with respect to the horizontal and vertical planes of reference is classified into four positions, namely, flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead. Four types of test shall be conducted in the qualification procedures such as tension test, bend test, Charpy impact test and radiographic test. Guided bend test specimens shall be prepared by cutting the test plate or pipe to form specimens of approximately rectangular cross section. Guided bend test specimens are of three types depending on which surface -side bend, face bend, or root bend is on the convex (outer) side of the bent specimen. A welding procedure must be set up as a new procedure and must be requalified when any of the changes in essential variables, inclusive, are made. Changes other than those listed may be made without requalification, provided the procedure is revised to show these changes. All welders and operators welding castings under this practice shall pass the welder qualification test. The welder or operator successfully performing the procedure qualification test is automatically qualified for performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the qualification of procedures, welders, and operators for the fabrication and repair of steel castings by electric arc welding.
1.1.1 Qualifications of a procedure and either or both the operator or welder under Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code shall automatically qualify the procedure and either or both the operator or welder under this practice. P-number designations in the ASME grouping of base metals for qualification may be different than the category numbers listed in Table 1. Refer to Appendix X1 for a comparison of ASTM category numbers with the corresponding ASME P-Number designations.
1.2 Each manufacturer or contractor is responsible for the welding done by his organization and shall conduct the tests required to qualify his welding procedures, welders, and operators.
1.3 Each manufacturer or contractor shall maintain a record of welding procedure qualification tests (Fig. 1), welder or operator performance qualification tests (Fig. 2), and welding procedure specification (Fig. 3), which shall be made available to the purchaser's representative on request. A Indicate degree of inspection.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4.1 SI Units—Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:A488/A488M −16
Standard Practice for
Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and
1
Personnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA488/A488M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice covers the qualification of procedures,
welders, and operators for the fabrication and repair of steel
2. Referenced Documents
castings by electric arc welding.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1.1 Qualifications of a procedure and either or both the
A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for
operator or welder under Section IX of the ASME Boiler and
General Application
PressureVessel Code shall automatically qualify the procedure
A128/A128M Specification for Steel Castings, Austenitic
and either or both the operator or welder under this practice.
Manganese
P-number designations in the ASME grouping of base metals
A148/A148M Specification for Steel Castings, High
for qualification may be different than the category numbers
Strength, for Structural Purposes
listed in Table 1. Refer to Appendix X1 for a comparison of
A216/A216M SpecificationforSteelCastings,Carbon,Suit-
ASTM category numbers with the corresponding ASME
able for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
P-Number designations.
A217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic
1.2 Each manufacturer or contractor is responsible for the
Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-
welding done by his organization and shall conduct the tests
able for High-Temperature Service
required to qualify his welding procedures, welders, and
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-
operators.
Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant,
1.3 Each manufacturer or contractor shall maintain a record for General Application
of welding procedure qualification tests (Fig. 1), welder or A351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for
operator performance qualification tests (Fig. 2), and welding Pressure-Containing Parts
procedure specification (Fig. 3), which shall be made available A352/A352M Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and
to the purchaser’s representative on request. Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for
Low-Temperature Service
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
A356/A356M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Tur-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
bines
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
of Steel Products
with the standard.
A389/A389M Specification for Steel Castings, Alloy, Spe-
1.4.1 SI Units—Within the text, the SI units are shown in
cially Heat-Treated, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-
brackets.
able for High-Temperature Service
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
A447/A447M Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Service
A487/A487M Specification for Steel Castings Suitable for
Pressure Service
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
A01.18 on Castings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as A488/A488M – 12. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A0488_A0488M-16. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A488/A488M−16
TABLE 1 Categories of Base Materials
Category ASTM
Material Description Grades
Number Specification
1 Carbon steel (carbon less than A27/A27M all grades
0.35 %, tensile strength less
than or equal to
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A488/A488M − 12 A488/A488M − 16
Standard Practice for
Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and
1
Personnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A488/A488M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the qualification of procedures, welders, and operators for the fabrication and repair of steel castings
by electric arc welding.
1.1.1 Qualifications of a procedure and either or both the operator or welder under Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code shall automatically qualify the procedure and either or both the operator or welder under this practice. P-number
designations in the ASME grouping of base metals for qualification may be different than the category numbers listed in Table 1.
Refer to Appendix X1 for a comparison of ASTM category numbers with the corresponding ASME P-Number designations.
1.2 Each manufacturer or contractor is responsible for the welding done by his organization and shall conduct the tests required
to qualify his welding procedures, welders, and operators.
1.3 Each manufacturer or contractor shall maintain a record of welding procedure qualification tests (Fig. 1), welder or operator
performance qualification tests (Fig. 2), and welding procedure specification (Fig. 3), which shall be made available to the
purchaser’s representative on request.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4.1 SI Units—Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
A128/A128M Specification for Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese
A148/A148M Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes
A216/A216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
A217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for
High-Temperature Service
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General
Application
A351/A351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
A352/A352M Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-
Temperature Service
A356/A356M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012March 1, 2016. Published December 2012March 2016. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 20102012
as A488/A488M – 10.A488/A488M – 12. DOI: 10.1520/A0488_A0488M-12.10.1520/A0488_A0488M-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A488/A488M − 16
TABLE 1 Categories of Base Materials
Category Grades
Material Description ASTM Specification
Number
1 Carbon steel (carbon less than 0.35 %, tensile strength less than or A27/A27M all grades
equal to 70 ksi [480 MPa]).
A216/A216M WCA, WCB
A352/A3
...
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