ASTM C51-11

Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and limestone products as used by the industry.
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic limestone.)
1.3 The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate material present.
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2011
• ICS: 01.040.91 - Construction materials and building (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C07 - Lime and Limestone
• Drafting Committee: C07.08 - Editorial and Terminology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C51-07 - Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM C51-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2018
• Referred By: ASTM C511-21 - Standard Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1318-15a(2020) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Neutralizing Capability and Dissolved Calcium and Magnesium Oxide in Lime for Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD)
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1271-99(2020) - Standard Test Method for X-ray Spectrometric Analysis of Lime and Limestone
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D5759-12(2020) - Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Fly Ash and Clean Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Potential Uses
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C821-22 - Standard Specification for Lime for Use with Pozzolans
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C602-20 - Standard Specification for Agricultural Liming Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C400-19 - Standard Test Methods for Quicklime and Hydrated Lime for Neutralization of Waste Acid
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C595/C595M-23 - Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1301-22 - Standard Test Method for Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1097-19 - Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Use in Asphalt Cement or Bituminous Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1797-23 - Standard Specification for Ground Calcium Carbonate and Aggregate Mineral Fillers for use in Hydraulic Cement Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C206-14(2022) - Standard Specification for Finishing Hydrated Lime
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C25-19 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C51 − 11
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C51; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* agricultural limestone—ground or pulverized limestone
whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neu-
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and
tralizing soil acidity.
limestone products as used by the industry.
DISCUSSION—Agricultural lime is a very powerful neutralizing agent.
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below
Agricultural limestone, often referred to as “aglime” is the predominate
should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-
material for soil pH adjustment. See Specification C602.
calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic
air-slaked lime—the product containing various proportions
quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian
of the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of calcium and
or dolomitic limestone.)
magnesium which results from the exposure of quicklime to
1.3 Thecompositionofalimestoneshouldbegiveninterms
the air in sufficient quantity to show physical signs of
of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of
hydration (difficult to determine visually in pulverized
interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the
quicklime).
material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this
assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate mate- alkaline earth solutions (AES)—an aqueous solution of the
rial should be determined, and the composition expressed in oxide or hydroxide of an element of group IIa in the periodic
terms of the carbonate material present. table, such as calcium or magnesium. These solutions may
be strongly alkaline. See pH.
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product,
see the appropriate ASTM specification.
available lime index—thoseconstituentsofalimewhichenter
into a desired reaction under the conditions of a specific
2. Referenced Documents
method or process.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
building or construction lime—a lime whose chemical and
C207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Pur-
physical characteristics and method of processing make it
poses
suitable for the ordinary or special construction uses of the
C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
product.
C602 Specification for Agricultural Liming Materials
C1707 Specification for Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for
by-product lime—by-product limes include a variety of Cal-
Structural Purposes
cium and/or Calcium/Magnesium compounds that are usable
for specific applications but generally do not meet one or
3. Terminology
more specifications required of primary lime products.
agricultural lime—either ground quicklime or hydrated lime Examples include lime kiln dust and lime hydrator rejects. It
whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neu- isadvisedthatthespecificcompositions,physicalproperties,
tralizing soil acidity. performance characteristics, and anticipated variabilities of
such materials be evaluated for the service intended.
calcareous—originating from predominately calcium carbon-
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.08 on Editorial and Nomen- ate or one of its derivative forms.
clature
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published July 2011. Originally approved
calcia—the chemical compound calcium oxide (CaO).
in 1922. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C51 – 07. DOI: 10.1520/C0051-
11.
calcined pozzolans—materials that are produced by calcina-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tion of natural siliceous or alumino-siliceous earths, such
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
calcination being for the purpose of activation of pozzolanic
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. properties.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C51−11
Cement-Lime Mortar—Cement-Lime Mortar primarily con- and alumina to a temperature short of incipient fusion so as
sists of hydraulic cement, hydrated lime or lime putty, to form sufficient free lime (CaO) to permit hydration
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C51–07 Designation: C51 – 11
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C51; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and limestone products as used by the industry.
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-calcium,”
“magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic
limestone.)
1.3 The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of interest
to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not
valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate
material present.
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes
C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
C602 Specification for Agricultural Liming Materials Specification for Agricultural Liming Materials
C1707 Specification for Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes
3. Terminology
agricultural lime—either ground quicklime or hydrated lime whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neutralizing
soil acidity.
agricultural limestone—ground or pulverized limestone whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neutralizing soil
acidity.
DISCUSSION—Agriculturallimeisaverypowerfulneutralizingagent.Agriculturallimestone,oftenreferredtoas“aglime”isthepredominatematerial
for soil pH adjustment. See Specification C602.
air-slaked lime—the product containing various proportions of the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of calcium and magnesium
which results from the exposure of quicklime to the air in sufficient quantity to show physical signs of hydration (difficult to
determine visually in pulverized quicklime).
alkaline earth solutions (AES)—an aqueous solution of the oxide or hydroxide of an element of group IIa in the periodic table,
such as calcium or magnesium. These solutions may be strongly alkaline. See pH.
available lime index—those constituents of a lime which enter into a desired reaction under the conditions of a specific method
or process.
building or construction lime—a lime whose chemical and physical characteristics and method of processing make it suitable
for the ordinary or special construction uses of the product.
by-product lime—by-product limes include a variety of Calcium and/or Calcium/Magnesium compounds that are usable for
specific applications but generally do not meet one or more specifications required of primary lime products. Examples include
lime kiln dust and lime hydrator rejects. It is advised that the specific compositions, physical properties, performance
characteristics, and anticipated variabilities of such materials be evaluated for the service intended.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.08 on Editorial and Nomenclature
Current edition approved July 15, 2007. PublishedAugust 2007. Originally approved in 1922. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C51–06. DOI: 10.1520/C0051-07.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published July 2011. Originally approved in 1922. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C51 – 07. DOI: 10.1520/C0051-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C51–11
calcareous—originating from predominately calcium carbonate or o
...