ASTM E3189-19
(Practice)Standard Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Static Headspace Concentration onto an Adsorbent Tube
Standard Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Static Headspace Concentration onto an Adsorbent Tube
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is useful for preparing extracts from fire debris for subsequent qualitative analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, see Test Method E1618.
5.2 This practice is capable of removing a portion of the headspace vapors, containing quantities smaller than 0.1 µL/L of ignitable liquid residues, from a sample container and concentrating the ignitable liquid residues onto an adsorbent medium (1).
5.2.1 Recovery from fire debris samples will vary, depending on factors including debris temperature, adsorbent temperature, container size, adsorptive material, headspace volume, sampling volume or sampling time and flow rate, and adsorptive competition from the sample matrix (2).
5.3 The principal concepts of static headspace concentration are similar to those of static headspace (Practice E1388) and dynamic headspace concentration (Practice E1413). The static headspace concentration technique can be more sensitive than the static headspace technique and less sensitive than the dynamic. The static techniques do however leave the sample in a condition suitable for resampling, as only a portion, typically less than 10 %, of the headspace is withdrawn from a sample container (3).
5.3.1 Re-sampling and analysis is possible with static headspace concentration onto an adsorbent tube, because only a portion of the headspace from the container is removed (3). Taking multiple headspace samples will continuously reduce the concentration of ignitable liquid vapors present, which can result in a change in relative composition of components and eventually non-recovery when the questioned headspace originally contained very low quantities of ignitable liquid residues (less than 0.1 µL/L).
5.4 Common solid adsorbent/desorption procedure combinations in use are activated carbon/solvent elution and Tenax4 TA/thermal desorption.
5.5 Solid adsorbent/desorption procedures not specifically described in this standard can be used as long as the practice has...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for separation of ignitable liquid residues from fire debris samples using static headspace concentration onto an adsorbent tube, for subsequent solvent elution or thermal desorption.
1.2 Static headspace concentration onto an adsorbent tube involves removal of a headspace extract from a sample container (typically a jar, can, or bag), through a small hole punctured in the container, using a syringe or pump.
1.3 Static headspace concentration systems for adsorption onto an adsorbent tube are illustrated and described.
1.4 This practice is suitable for preparing extracts from fire debris samples containing a range of volumes (µL to mL) of ignitable liquid residues, with sufficient recovery for subsequent qualitative analysis (1).2
1.5 Alternative headspace concentration methods are listed in Section 2 (see Practices E1388, E1412, E1413, and E2154).
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard cannot replace knowledge, skills, or abilities acquired through education, training, and experience (Practice E2917) and is to be used in conjunction with professional judgment by individuals with such discipline-specific knowledge, skills, and abilities.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3189 − 19 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris
Samples by Static Headspace Concentration onto an
1
Adsorbent Tube
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3189; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for separation of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ignitable liquid residues from fire debris samples using static
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
headspace concentration onto an adsorbent tube, for subse-
quent solvent elution or thermal desorption.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 Static headspace concentration onto an adsorbent tube
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
involves removal of a headspace extract from a sample
E1388 Practice for Static Headspace Sampling of Vapors
container (typically a jar, can, or bag), through a small hole
from Fire Debris Samples
punctured in the container, using a syringe or pump.
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
1.3 Static headspace concentration systems for adsorption
from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concen-
onto an adsorbent tube are illustrated and described.
tration with Activated Charcoal
E1413 Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire
1.4 This practice is suitable for preparing extracts from fire
Debris Samples by Dynamic Headspace Concentration
debris samples containing a range of volumes (µL to mL) of
onto an Adsorbent Tube
ignitable liquid residues, with sufficient recovery for subse-
2
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related
quent qualitative analysis (1).
Documentation
1.5 Alternative headspace concentration methods are listed
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and
in Section 2 (see Practices E1388, E1412, E1413, and E2154).
Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
E1618 TestMethodforIgnitableLiquidResiduesinExtracts
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
standard.
Spectrometry
E1732 Terminology Relating to Forensic Science
1.7 This standard cannot replace knowledge, skills, or
E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignit-
abilities acquired through education, training, and experience
able Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Pas-
(Practice E2917) and is to be used in conjunction with
sive Headspace Concentration with Solid Phase Microex-
professional judgment by individuals with such discipline-
traction (SPME)
specific knowledge, skills, and abilities.
E2451 Practice for Preserving Ignitable Liquids and Ignit-
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
able Liquid Residue Extracts from Fire Debris Samples
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E2917 Practice for Forensic Science Practitioner Training,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Continuing Education, and Professional Development
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Programs
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
practice, refer to Terminology E1732.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics.
3
Current edition approved June 1, 2019. Published June 2019. DOI: 10.1520/ For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
E3189-19. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
this standard. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E3189 − 19
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 5.2.1 Recovery from fire debris samples will vary, depend-
3.2.1 dynamic headspace
...
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