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ASTM D1319-99

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption

Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrocarbon types over the concentration ranges from 5 to 99 volume % aromatics, 0.3 to 55 volume % olefins, and 1 to 95 volume % saturates in petroleum fractions that distill below 315°C. This test method may apply to concentrations outside these ranges, but the precision has not been determined. Samples containing dark-colored components that interfere in reading the chromatographic bands cannot be analyzed.
Note 1—The scope of this test method today is NOT to depentanize to reflect current practice. Results obtained from the analysis of samples containing significant levels of C5 and lighter hydrocarbons might be less accurate. The potential bias is not certain and may not be consistent. Prior versions of Test Method D 1319 have specified depentanization when samples contain any of the following: C3 or lighter hydrocarbons, more than 5 % C4 hydrocarbons, or more than 10 % C4 and C5 hydrocarbons. The results of this are still unclear and certainly controversial. In such a case, depentanization was done according to Test Method D 2001 followed by subsequent analysis of the depentanized sample by Test Method D 1319. A correction to the depentanized sample results was then required to place them on an as-received basis by using such method as Test Method D 2427 which determined the amounts of C5 minus hydrocarbons in the undepentanized sample.
1.2 This test method is intended for use with full boiling range products. Cooperative data have established that the precision statement does not apply to narrow boiling petroleum fractions near the 315°C limit. Such samples are not eluted properly, and results are erratic.
1.3 The applicability of this test method to products derived from fossil fuels other than petroleum, such as coal, shale, or tar sands, has not been determined, and the precision statement may or may not apply to such products.
1.4 The precision statement for this test method has been determined with unleaded fuels that do not contain oxygenated blending components. It may or may not apply to automotive gasolines containing lead antiknock mixtures or oxygenated gasoline blending components, or both.
1.5 The oxygenated blending components, methanol, ethanol, methyl-tert-butylether (MTBE), methyl- tert-amylmethyl (TAME), and ethyl-tert-butylether (ETBE), do not interfere with the determination of hydrocarbon types at concentrations normally found in commercial blends. These oxygenated components are not detected since they elute with the alcohol desorbent. Other oxygenated compounds shall be individually verified. When samples containing oxygenated blending components are analyzed, correct the results to a total-sample basis.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
Note 2—For the determination of olefins below 0.3 volume %, other test methods are available, such as Test Method D 2710.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7, 8.1, and 10.5.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jan-2002
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.04.0C - Liquid Chromatography
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM D7566-22a - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6730-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 100-Metre Capillary (with Precolumn) High-Resolution Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7058-19 - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Red Dye Concentration and Estimation of Saybolt Color of Aviation Turbine Fuels and Kerosine Using a Portable Visible Spectrophotometer
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7484-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7468-22 - Standard Test Method for Cummins ISM Test
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6618-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6709-22 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIII Spark-Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine)
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D8305-19 - Standard Test Method for The Determination of Total Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Total Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Aviation Turbine Fuels and other Kerosene Range Fuels by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6923-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—Caterpillar 1R Test Procedure
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7156-19 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in the T-11 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D5967-21 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7467-20a - Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D8275-22 - Standard Specification for Gasoline-like Test Fuel for Compression-Ignition Engines
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D3338/D3338M-20a - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation Fuels
Effective Date
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Referred By
ASTM D7223-21 - Standard Specification for Aviation Certification Turbine Fuel
Effective Date
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ASTM D1319-99 - Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionASTM D1319-99 - Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
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ASTM D1319-99 - Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 1319 – 99 An American National Standard
Designation: 156/97
Standard Test Method for
Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1319; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the cooperating societies in accordance with
established procedures.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. This test method replaces Method 3703 of Federal
Test Method Standard No. 791b.
1. Scope desorbent. Other oxygenated compounds shall be individually
verified. When samples containing oxygenated blending com-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of hydrocar-
ponents are analyzed, correct the results to a total-sample basis.
bon types over the concentration ranges from 5 to 99 volume %
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
aromatics, 0.3 to 55 volume % olefins, and 1 to 95 volume %
standard.
saturates in petroleum fractions that distill below 315°C. This
test method may apply to concentrations outside these ranges,
NOTE 1—For the determination of olefins below 0.3 volume %, other
but the precision has not been determined. Samples containing test methods are available, such as Test Method D 2710.
dark-colored components that interfere in reading the chro-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
matographic bands cannot be analyzed.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.2 This test method is intended for use with full boiling
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
range products. Cooperative data have established that the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
precision statement does not apply to narrow boiling petroleum
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
fractions near the 315°C limit. Such samples are not eluted
statements, see Section 8, 9.1, and 12.5.
properly, and results are erratic.
1.3 The applicability of this test method to products derived 2. Referenced Documents
from fossil fuels other than petroleum, such as coal, shale, or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
tar sands, has not been determined, and the precision statement
D 770 Specification for Isopropyl Alcohol
may or may not apply to such products. 3
D 1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
1.4 The precision statement for this test method has been
D 2001 Test Method for Depentanization of Gasoline and
determined with unleaded fuels that do not contain oxygenated 3
Naphthas
blending components. It may or may not apply to automotive
D 2427 Test Method for Determination of C through C
2 5
gasolines containing lead antiknock mixtures or oxygenated 3
Hydrocarbons in Gasolines by Gas Chromatography
gasoline blending components, or both.
D 2710 Test Method for Bromine Index of Petroleum Hy-
1.5 The oxygenated blending components, methanol, etha- 4
drocarbons by Electrometric Titration
nol, methyl-tert-butylether (MTBE), methyl- tert-amylmethyl 5
D 3663 Test Method for Surface Area of Catalysts
(TAME), and ethyl-tert-butylether (ETBE), do not interfere
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
with the determination of hydrocarbon types at concentrations 4
Petroleum Products
normally found in commercial blends. These oxygenated
D 4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,
components are not detected since they elute with the alcohol
TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alco-
1 4
5
hols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
D 5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
2
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04.
3
Committee. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
4
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1999. Published January 2000. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
5
published as D 1319 – 54 T. Last previous edition D 1319 – 98. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 1319
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective length of an approximately 100-mm thread of mercury shall
5
Flame Ionization Detection not vary by more than 0.3 mm i
...

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Note 2: Oil tubes and apparatus used in this test method have traditionally been marked in inches, (the tube is required to be etched with 1/8 in. divisions.) The Saybolt Color Numbers are aligned with inch, 1/2 in., 1/4 in., and 1/8 in. changes in the depth of oil. These fractional inch changes do not readily correspond to SI equivalents and in view of the preponderance of apparatus already in use and marked in inches, the inch/pound unit is regarded as the standard. However the test method does use SI units of length when the length is not directly related to divisions on the oil tube and Saybolt Color Numbers. The test method uses SI units for temperature.  
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Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity of a Blend of Petroleum Products

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5.1 Predicting the viscosity of a blend of components is a common problem. Both the Wright Blending Method and the ASTM Blending Method, described in this practice, may be used to solve this problem.  
5.2 The inverse problem, predicating the required blend fractions of components to meet a specified viscosity at a given temperature may also be solved using either the Inverse Wright Blending Method or the Inverse ASTM Blending Method.  
5.3 The Wright Blending Methods are generally preferred since they have a firmer basis in theory, and are more accurate. The Wright Blending Methods require component viscosities to be known at two temperatures. The ASTM Blending Methods are mathematically simpler and may be used when viscosities are known at a single temperature.  
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5.5 The calculations described in this practice have been computerized as a spreadsheet and are available as an adjunct.3
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
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Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended primarily for the detection of mercaptans in motor fuel, kerosine, and similar petroleum products. This method may also provide information on hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur that may be present in these sample types.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 7.3.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2887-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
1.1.2 Procedure B (Sections 15 – 23)—Is restricted to only 3 capillary columns and requires no sample dilution. In addition, Procedure B is used not only for the sample types described in Procedure A but also for the analysis of samples containing biodiesel mixtures B5, B10, and B20. The analysis time, when using Procedure B (Accelerated D2887), is reduced to about 8 min.  
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D7096.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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