ASTM C126-22

Standard Specification for Ceramic Glazed Structural Clay Facing Tile, Facing Brick, and Solid Masonry Units

ABSTRACT
This specification covers structural clay load-bearing facing tile and facing brick and other “solid masonry units” made from clay, shale, fire-clay, or mixtures thereof, with or without the addition of grog or other mixtures, having a finish consisting of a ceramic glaze fused to the body at above a certain temperature making them inseparable, excluding natural salt-glazed ware. The following grades and types are covered: Grade S which is for use with comparatively narrow mortar joints, Grade SS which is for use where variation of face dimension must be very small, Type I or single-faced unit which is for general use where only one finished face will be exposed, and Type II or two-faced unit which is for general use where two opposite finished faces will be exposed. The brick and tile are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength requirements specified. The masonry units are classified as solid masonry unit and hollow masonry unit. The former is a unit whose net cross-sectional area in every plane parallel to the bearing surface is 75 % or more of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane and the latter is a unit whose net cross-sectional area in any plane parallel to the bearing surface is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties: compressive strength, imperviousness, opacity, resistance to fading, resistance to autoclave crazing, flame spread, fuel contribution, smoke density, toxic fumes, hardness, and abrasion resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers structural clay load-bearing facing tile and facing brick and other “solid masonry units” made from clay, shale, fire-clay, or mixtures thereof, with or without the addition of grog or other mixtures, having a finish consisting of a ceramic glaze fused to the body at above 1500°F (655°C) making them inseparable, excluding natural salt-glazed ware.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick and tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Brick and tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232.)  
1.4 Two grades and two types of ceramic glazed units are covered.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test portion of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Princip...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2022
• ICS: 91.100.23 - Ceramic tiles
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C126 −22
Standard Specification for
Ceramic Glazed Structural Clay Facing Tile, Facing Brick,
1
and Solid Masonry Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C126; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
1.1 This specification covers structural clay load-bearing
to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental
facing tile and facing brick and other “solid masonry units”
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
made from clay, shale, fire-clay, or mixtures thereof, with or
tions prior to use.
without the addition of grog or other mixtures, having a finish
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
consisting of a ceramic glaze fused to the body at above
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1500°F (655°C) making them inseparable, excluding natural
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
salt-glazed ware.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and tile extracted from masonry structures for determining
conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements
2. Referenced Documents
(Section 6) of this standard is beyond the scope of this
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specification.
C67/C67M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick
1.3 Brick and tile covered by this specification are manu-
and Structural Clay Tile
factured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring sub-
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
stances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated tempera-
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
tures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired
Building Materials
bond between the particulate constituents to provide the
E2105 Practice for General Techniques of Thermogravimet-
strength requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired
ric Analysis (TGA) Coupled With Infrared Analysis
bond in Terminology C1232.)
(TGA/IR)
3
2.2 National Fire Protection Association Standard:
1.4 Two grades and two types of ceramic glazed units are
NFPA No. 255 Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of
covered.
Building Materials
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
4
2.3 Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Standard:
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
UL No. 723 Flammability Studies of Cellular Plastics and
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
other Building Materials used for Interior Finishes
as requirements of the standard.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded 3. Terminology
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to ceramic glazed
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
structural clay facing tile, facing brick, and solid masonry
and are not considered standard.
units, refer to Terminology C1232.
1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test portion of this specification. This standard does not
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee the ASTM website.
3
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile. Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
Current edition approved June 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
4
approved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as C126 – 19. DOI: Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pfingsten Rd.,
10.1520/C0126-22. Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http://www.ul.com.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Co
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C126 − 19 C126 − 22
Standard Specification for
Ceramic Glazed Structural Clay Facing Tile, Facing Brick,
1
and Solid Masonry Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C126; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers structural clay load-bearing facing tile and facing brick and other “solid masonry units” made from
clay, shale, fire-clay, or mixtures thereof, with or without the addition of grog or other mixtures, having a finish consisting of a
ceramic glaze fused to the body at above 1500°F (655°C) making them inseparable, excluding natural salt-glazed ware.
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick and tile
extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of
this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 Brick and tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the
particulate constituents to provide the strength requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232.)
1.4 Two grades and two types of ceramic glazed units are covered.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test portion of this specification. This standard does not purport to
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019June 1, 2022. Published January 2020June 2022. Originally approved in 1936. Last previous edition approved in 20182019 as
C126 – 18.C126 – 19. DOI: 10.1520/C0126-19.10.1520/C0126-22.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C126 − 22
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C67/C67M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C1232 Terminology for Masonry
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E2105 Practice for General Techniques of Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) Coupled With Infrared Analysis (TGA/IR)
3
2.2 National Fire Protection Association Standard:
NFPA No. 255 Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
4
2.3 Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Standard:
UL No. 723 Flammability Studies of Cellular Plastics and other Building Materials used for Interior Finishes
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to ceramic glazed structural clay facing tile, facing brick, and solid masonry units, refer
to Terminology C1232.
4. Classification
4.1 Grades—Grades classify units according to their permissible variation in face dimensions and warpage. tolerances. Two grades
of ceramic glazed facing tile, brick, and solid masonry
...