ASTM A401/A401M-18
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy
Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy
ABSTRACT
This specification covers round chromium-silicon alloy steel spring wire having properties and quality intended for the manufacture of springs resistant to set when used at moderately elevated temperatures. This product is not meant to be used for high cycle fatigue applications. Either ingot or strand cast steel may be made by any commercially accepted steel making process. The steel shall conform on heat and product analysis to the chemical composition requirements prescribed for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon and chromium. Annealed and cold drawn or oil-tempered wires shall conform to the specified mechanical properties including tensile strength. Requirements for tension and wrap tests as well as metallurgical requirements for etched surface testing and decarburization are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers round and shaped chromium-silicon alloy steel spring wire having properties and quality intended for the manufacture of springs resistant to set when used at moderately elevated temperatures. This product is not meant to be used for non-static applications involving moderate fatigue stresses (see Specification A1000/A1000M) or high cycle fatigue applications (see Specification A877/A877M). This wire shall be provided either in the annealed and cold-drawn or quench and tempered condition as specified by the purchaser.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A401/A401M −18
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA401/A401M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* A700Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods
for Steel Products for Shipment
1.1 This specification covers round and shaped chromium-
A751Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
silicon alloy steel spring wire having properties and quality
cal Analysis of Steel Products
intended for the manufacture of springs resistant to set when
A877/A877M Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-
used at moderately elevated temperatures. This product is not
Silicon Alloys, Chrome-Silicon-Vanadium Alloy Valve
meant to be used for non-static applications involving moder-
Spring Quality
ate fatigue stresses (see Specification A1000/A1000M) or high
A941TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Related
cycle fatigue applications (see Specification A877/A877M).
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
This wire shall be provided either in the annealed and
A1000/A1000MSpecification for Steel Wire, Carbon and
cold-drawn or quench and tempered condition as specified by
Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
the purchaser.
E8/E8MTest Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
terials
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Determine Conformance with Specifications
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3. Terminology
with the standard.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, see
brackets.
Terminology A941.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2.1 equivalent round diameter, n—diameter of a round
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
wire having equivalent cross sectional area to a given shaped
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
wire.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.2 round wire, n—wire having a circular cross section.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.3 shape factor, n—this value is used to obtain cross
sectional area for shaped wires when multiplied by measured
2. Referenced Documents
width and thickness.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.4 shaped wire, n—wire having a non-circular cross
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
section.
of Steel Products
A510/A510MSpecification for General Requirements for
4. Ordering Information
Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
Alloy Steel
all requirements that are necessary for material under this
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not
limited to, the following:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.1.1 Quantity (mass),
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.
4.1.2 Name of material (chromium-silicon alloy steel wire),
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originally
4.1.3 Dimensions (Table 1 and Section 9),
approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A401/A401M–15.
4.1.4 Condition (Section 7), and
DOI: 10.1520/A0401_A0401M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.2 Thepurchasershallhavetheoptiontospecifyadditional
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. requirements, including but not limited to:
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A401/A401M−18
A
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
4.2.3 Other special requirements, if any.
SI Units
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 20 000-kg,
quench and tem
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A401/A401M − 15 A401/A401M − 18
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A401/A401M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers round and shaped chromium-silicon alloy steel spring wire having properties and quality intended
for the manufacture of springs resistant to set when used at moderately elevated temperatures. This product is not meant to be used
for non-static applications involving moderate fatigue stresses (see Specification A1000/A1000M) or high cycle fatigue
applications (see Specification A877/A877M). This wire shall be provided either in the annealed and cold-drawn or quench and
tempered condition as specified by the purchaser.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A510/A510M Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and Alloy Steel
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A877/A877M Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloys, Chrome-Silicon-Vanadium Alloy Valve Spring Quality
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A1000/A1000M Specification for Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, see Terminology A941.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 equivalent round diameter, n—diameter of a round wire having equivalent cross sectional area to a given shaped wire.
3.2.2 round wire, n—wire having a circular cross section.
3.2.3 shape factor, n—this value is used to obtain cross sectional area for shaped wires when multiplied by measured width and
thickness.
3.2.4 shaped wire, n—wire having a non-circular cross section.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.03
on Steel Rod and Wire.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015Sept. 1, 2018. Published November 2015September 2018. Originally approved in 1956. Last previous edition approved in 20102015
as A401/A401M – 10.A401/A401M – 15. DOI: 10.1520/A0401_A0401M-15.10.1520/A0401_A0401M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A401/A401M − 18
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material under this
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to, the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (mass),
4.1.2 Name of material (chromium-silicon alloy steel wire),
4.1.3 Dimensions (Table 1 and Section 9),
4.1.4 Condition (Section 7), and
4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue.
4.2 It The purchaser shall be the respon
...
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