ASTM D562-81(1997)e1

Standard Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Visosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of Krebs Unit (KU) viscosity to evaluatet the consistency of paints and related coatings using the Stormer-type viscometer.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Feb-2001
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.24 - Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D562-01 - Standard Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D211-67(2023) - Standard Specification for Chrome Yellow and Chrome Orange Pigments
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D3730-17(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7394-18(2023) - Standard Practice for Rheological Characterization of Architectural Coatings using Three Rotational Bench Viscometers
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C647-19 - Standard Guide to Properties and Tests of Mastics and Coating Finishes for Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5324-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Water-Borne Architectural Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D605-82(2019) - Standard Specification for Magnesium Silicate Pigment (Talc)
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5146-10(2019) - Standard Guide to Testing Solvent-Borne Architectural Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7377-09(2018) - Standard Practice for Evaluating the Water Wash-Off Resistance of Traffic Paints using a Water Faucet
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6511/D6511M-18 - Standard Test Methods for Solvent Bearing Bituminous Compounds
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4143-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Latex Vehicles
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4213-08(2016) - Standard Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Paints by Abrasion Weight Loss
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D3450-15(2020) - Standard Test Method for Washability Properties of Interior Architectural Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2243-20 - Standard Test Method for Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Water-Borne Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6763-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Exterior Wood Stains and Clear Water Repellents
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: D 562 – 81 (Reapproved 1997)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Consistency of Paints Using the Stormer Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 562; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in September 1997.
1. Scope 6. Apparatus
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the con- 6.1 Viscometer, Stormer, with the paddle-type rotor as
sistency of paints and related coatings using the Stormer illustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. The stroboscopic timer
viscometer. attachment in Fig. 1 can be removed and the instrument used
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded without it but with a sacrifice of speed and accuracy. The
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for stroboscopic timer gives the 200 r/min reading directly.
information only. 6.2 Container, 1-pt (500-mL), 3 ⁄8 in. (85 mm) in diameter.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 6.3 Thermometer—An ASTM Stormer Viscosity thermom-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the eter having a range from 20 to 70°C and conforming to the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- requirements for Thermometer 49C, as prescribed in Specifi-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- cation E 1.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 6.4 Stopwatch, or suitable timer measuring to 0.2 s.
6.5 Weights, a set covering the range from 5 to 1000 g.
2. Referenced Documents
7. Materials
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers 7.1 Two standard oils, calibrated in absolute viscosity
(poise), that are within the viscosity range of the coatings to be
3. Terminology
measured. These oils should differ in viscosity by at least 5 P.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 1—The normal range of the Stormer is covered by oils having
3.1.1 consistency—load in grams to produce a rotational
viscosities of 4 P (70 KU), 10 P (85 KU), and 14 P (95 KU).
frequency of 200 r/min.
7.1.1 Suitable standards are silicone, hydrocarbon, linseed,
3.1.2 Krebs units (KU)—values of a scale commonly used
and castor oils. Silicone and hydrocarbon oils calibrated in
to express the consistency of paints generally applied by brush
poises are commercially available. Uncalibrated linseed and
or roller.
castor oils may be calibrated with any apparatus that provides
3.1.2.1 Discussion—This scale is a log function of the “load
measurements of absolute viscosity.
to produce 200-r/min” scale.
7.1.2 Assign a value of load to produce 200 r/min to each oil
4. Summary of Test Method by converting its viscosity value in poises to load in grams by
the following equation:
4.1 The load required to produce a rotational frequency of
200 r/min for an offset paddle rotor immersed in a paint is L 5 ~610h1 906.6 r!/30
determined.
where:
h5 viscosity of oil in poises and
5. Significance and Use
r5 density of oil.
5.1 This test method provides values that are useful in
specifying and controlling the consistency of paints, such as 4
8. Calibration
consumer or trade sales products.
8.1 Remove the rotor and weight carrier from the viscom-
eter. Make sure the string is wound evenly on the drum and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints and Paint Materials. Geddes, J. A., and Dawson, D. H., “Calculation of Viscosity From Stormer
Current edition approved Oct. 30, 1981. Published December 1981. Originally Viscosity Data,” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol 34, 1942, p. 163.
published as D 562 – 47 T. Last previous edition D 562 – 55 (1976). Jackson, C. F., and Madson, W. H., “A Method for the Standardization of Krebs
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03. Modified Stormer Viscometers,” ASTM Bulletin, No. 161, 1949.
D 562
should be within 60.004 in. (0.1 mm) of the dimensions shown
in Fig. 2.
8.4 Select two standard oils having assigned values of load
to produce 200 r/min within the range of the values expected
for the coatings to be measured (see 7.1).
8.5 Adjust the temperature of the standard oils to 256
0.2°C. The temperature of the Stormer apparatus should be the
same. If the specified temperature cannot be obtained, record
the temperature of the oil at the beginning and end of test to
0.2°C.
8.6 Determine the load in grams to produce 200 r/min with
each of the two oils, using either Procedure A described in
Section 9 or Procedure B described in Section 10.
8.6.1 If the oil temperature was not at 25 6 0.2°C during the
test, correct the measured load in grams for the deviation from
that temperature.
NOTE 2—Load corrections for deviations of oil temperature from the
specified temperature can be made by means of a previously established
plot of load versus oil temperature (see Appendix X1).
8.7 If the measured load (corrected for any temperature
deviation from standard) is within 615 % of the assigned load
values for the oils, the Stormer apparatus can be considered to
FIG. 1 Stormer Viscometer with Paddle-Type Rotor and
be in satisfactory calibration.
Stroboscopic Timer
9. Procedure A (Without Stroboscopic Attachment)
9.1 Thoroughly mix the sample and strain it into a 1-pt
(500-mL) container to within ⁄4 in. (20 mm) of the top.
9.2 Bring the temperature of the specimen to 25 6 0.2°C
and maintain it at that temperature during the test. The
temperature of the Stormer apparatus should be the same.
9.2.1 If the specified temperature cannot be obtained, record
the temperature of the specimen at the beginning and end of
test to 0.2°C.
9.3 When the temperature of the specimen has reached
equilibrium, stir it vigorously, being careful to avoid entrap-
ping air, and place the container immediately on the platform
of the viscometer so that the paddle-type rotor is immersed in
the material to the mark on the shaft of the rotor.
9.4 Place weights on the hanger of the viscometer and
determine a load that will produce 100 revolutions in the range
of 25 to 35 s.
9.5 Using the information gained in 9.4, select two loads
that will provide two different readings (time to give 100
revolutions) within the range of 27 to 33 s. Make these
measurements from a running start, that is, permit the rotor to
make at least 10 revolutions before starting the timing for 100
revolutions.
9.6 Repeat the measurements outlined in 9.5 until two
readings for each load are obtained that agree within 0.5 s.
NOTE 1—1 in. 5 25.4 mm.
FIG. 2 Paddle-Type Rotor for Use With Stormer Viscometer 10. Procedure B (With Stroboscopic Timer)
10.1 Follow Procedure A (9.1-9.3) for the preparation of the
does not overlap itself.
specimen.
8.2 Attach a 5-g weight onto the string and then release the 10.2 Connect the lamp circuit of the stroboscopic attach-
brake. If the viscometer starts to run from this dead start and ment to an electrical power source.
continues to run through several revolutions of the string drum, 10.3 Place weights on the hanger of the viscometer and
it is satisfactory for use. If it does not start unaided when the determine a load that will produce 1
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