ASTM G94-22

Standard Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this guide is to furnish qualified technical personnel with pertinent information for use in selecting metals for oxygen service in order to minimize the probability of ignition and the risk of explosion or fire. It is intended for use in selecting materials for applications in connection with the production, storage, transportation, distribution, or use of oxygen. It is not intended as a specification for approving materials for oxygen service.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide applies to metallic materials under consideration for oxygen or oxygen-enriched fluid service, direct or indirect, as defined in Section 3. It is concerned primarily with the properties of a metallic material associated with its relative susceptibility to ignition and propagation of combustion. It does not involve mechanical properties, potential toxicity, outgassing, reactions between various materials in the system, functional reliability, or performance characteristics such as aging, shredding, or sloughing of particles, except when these might contribute to an ignition.  
1.2 This document applies only to metals; nonmetals are covered in Guide G63.
Note 1: The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any evaluation methods asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this guide. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such evaluation methods and data and the risk of use of such evaluation methods and data are entirely their own responsibility.
Note 2: In evaluating materials, any mixture with oxygen exceeding atmospheric concentration at pressures higher than atmospheric should be evaluated from the hazard point of view for possible significant increase in material combustibility.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2022
• ICS: 77.060 - Corrosion of metals
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.02 - Recommended Practices

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G94 − 22
Standard Guide for
1
Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationG94;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This guide applies to metallic materials under consider-
ation for oxygen or oxygen-enriched fluid service, direct or D2512Test Method for Compatibility of Materials with
indirect, as defined in Section 3. It is concerned primarily with Liquid Oxygen (Impact Sensitivity Threshold and Pass-
the properties of a metallic material associated with its relative
Fail Techniques)
susceptibility to ignition and propagation of combustion. It
D2863Test Method for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen
does not involve mechanical properties, potential toxicity,
Concentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion of
outgassing, reactions between various materials in the system,
Plastics (Oxygen Index)
functional reliability, or performance characteristics such as
D4809Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid
aging, shredding, or sloughing of particles, except when these
Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision
might contribute to an ignition.
Method)
G63Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxy-
1.2 This document applies only to metals; nonmetals are
gen Service
covered in Guide G63.
G72Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of
NOTE 1—The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no
position respecting the validity of any evaluation methods asserted in
Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched
connection with any item mentioned in this guide. Users of this guide are
Environment
expresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchevaluation
G86Test Method for Determining Ignition Sensitivity of
methods and data and the risk of use of such evaluation methods and data
Materials to Mechanical Impact in Ambient Liquid Oxy-
are entirely their own responsibility.
gen and Pressurized Liquid and Gaseous Oxygen Envi-
NOTE 2—In evaluating materials, any mixture with oxygen exceeding
atmospheric concentration at pressures higher than atmospheric should be
ronments
evaluated from the hazard point of view for possible significant increase
G88Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
in material combustibility.
G93GuideforCleanlinessLevelsandCleaningMethodsfor
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
Materials and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched En-
as the standard.
vironments
G124Test Method for Determining the Combustion Behav-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ior of Metallic Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmo-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- spheres
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- G126Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensi-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. tivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
G128Guide for Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Enriched Systems
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2.2 ASTM Special Technical Publications (STPs) on the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Flammability and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen-Enriched
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Atmospheres:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM STPs in this category are listed as:812, 910, 986,
1040, 1111, 1167, 1197, 1319, 1395, and 1454
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeG04onCompatibility
and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
2
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2022.PublishedJuly2022.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as G94–05(2014). DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/G0094-22. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G94−22
3
2.3 CGA Documents: 3.1.1
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G94 − 05 (Reapproved 2014) G94 − 22
Standard Guide for
1
Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G94; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide applies to metallic materials under consideration for oxygen or oxygen-enriched fluid service, direct or indirect,
as defined in Section 3. It is concerned primarily with the properties of a metallic material associated with its relative susceptibility
to ignition and propagation of combustion. It does not involve mechanical properties, potential toxicity, outgassing, reactions
between various materials in the system, functional reliability, or performance characteristics such as aging, shredding, or
sloughing of particles, except when these might contribute to an ignition.
1.2 This document applies only to metals; nonmetals are covered in Guide G63.
NOTE 1—The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any evaluation methods asserted in connection with
any item mentioned in this guide. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such evaluation methods and data
and the risk of use of such evaluation methods and data are entirely their own responsibility.
NOTE 2—In evaluating materials, any mixture with oxygen exceeding atmospheric concentration at pressures higher than atmospheric should be evaluated
from the hazard point of view for possible significant increase in material combustibility.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2512 Test Method for Compatibility of Materials with Liquid Oxygen (Impact Sensitivity Threshold and Pass-Fail Techniques)
D2863 Test Method for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen Concentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion of Plastics
(Oxygen Index)
D4809 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision Method)
G63 Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxygen Service
G72 Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014May 1, 2022. Published January 2014July 2022. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20052014 as
G94 – 05.G94 – 05(2014). DOI: 10.1520/G0094-05R14.10.1520/G0094-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G94 − 22
G86 Test Method for Determining Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to Mechanical Impact in Ambient Liquid Oxygen and
Pressurized Liquid and Gaseous Oxygen Environments
G88 Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
G93 Guide for Cleanliness Levels and Cleaning Methods for Materials and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Environments
G124 Test Method for Determining the Combustion Behavior of Metallic Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres
G126 Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
G128 Guide for Control of Hazards and R
...