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ASTM C1301-95(2014)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)

Standard Test Method for Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence and concentration of elements in lime and limestone is important in determining product quality and its suitability for various uses. This test method provides a means of measuring the major and trace element concentration in lime and limestone.
SCOPE
1.1 The following test method covers the use of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AA) in the analysis of major and trace elements in limestone and lime (calcined limestone).  
1.2 Table 1 lists some of the elements that can be analyzed by this test method and the preferred wavelengths. Also see U.S. EPA Methods 200.7 and 200.9.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2014
ICS
71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
Technical Committee
C07 - Lime and Limestone
Drafting Committee
C07.05 - Chemical Tests
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM C1301-95(2014) - Standard Test Method for Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)ASTM C1301-95(2014) - Standard Test Method for Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)
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REDLINE ASTM C1301-95(2014) - Standard Test Method for Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)REDLINE ASTM C1301-95(2014) - Standard Test Method for Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1301 − 95 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
1
(ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1301; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 U.S. EPA Standards:
Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental
1.1 The following test method covers the use of inductively
Samples; U.S. EPA Methods 200.2, 200.7, and
coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP) and
4
200.9; Smoley, C. K., 1992
atomic absorption spectroscopy (AA) in the analysis of major
Method 6010 InductivelyCoupledPlasmaMethod,SW-846,
and trace elements in limestone and lime (calcined limestone).
5
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste
1.2 Table 1 lists some of the elements that can be analyzed
3. Terminology
by this test method and the preferred wavelengths. Also see
U.S. EPA Methods 200.7 and 200.9.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions for terms used in this test
method can be found in Terminologies C51 and E135.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this 3.2 Additional Definitions:
3.2.1 total recoverable, n—trace element concentration in
standard.
an unfiltered sample after heating in acid.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 total digestion, n—complete digestion of a sample,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
including silica and silicate minerals, using the fusion-flux
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
method.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Asample, digested by either fusion or acid, is atomized
2. Referenced Documents
2 and passed into an excitation medium (a plasma in the case of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ICP;aflameinthecaseofAA).Theresultingionsareanalyzed
C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used
by atomic spectroscopy. Elemental concentrations are deter-
by the Industry)
mined by graphically relating the emission/absorption at spe-
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
cific wavelengths for an unknown sample to analytical curves
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
made from reference standards of known composition.
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E863 Practice for Describing Atomic Absorption Spectro-
5. Significance and Use
3
metric Equipment (Withdrawn 2004)
5.1 The presence and concentration of elements in lime and
E1479 Practice for Describing and Specifying Inductively-
limestone is important in determining product quality and its
Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometers
suitability for various uses. This test method provides a means
ofmeasuringthemajorandtraceelementconcentrationinlime
and limestone.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime
andLimestoneandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC07.05onChemical
6. Interferences
Tests.
6.1 Chemical—Chemical interferences, most common in
Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published July 2014. Originally approved
ε
in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1301 – 95(2009) . DOI:
AA, arise from the formation of molecular compounds that
10.1520/C1301-95R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from CRC Press, 2000 Corporate Blvd., N. W., Boca Raton, FL
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 33431.
5
the ASTM website. AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.astm.org. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1301 − 95 (2014)
A
TABLE 1 Elements and Some Suggested Wavelengths
7.1.1 Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer
Major Elements ICP Wavelength, nm AA Wavelength, nm
(ICP)—Either a scanning sequential or multi-element simulta-
B
Calcium 317.933 (315.887) 422.7
neous type ICP, with resolution appropriate for the elements to
Magnesium 279.079 (285.213) 285.2
be analyzed.The optical path may be in air, vacuum or an inert
Silicon 251.611 (288.160) 251.6
gas. A de
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C1301 − 95 (Reapproved 2009) C1301 − 95 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
Major and Trace Elements in Limestone and Lime by
Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
1
(ICP) and Atomic Absorption (AA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1301; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—A units statement was added editorially as new paragraph 1.3 and subsequent paragraphs were renumbered in
June 2009.
1. Scope
1.1 The following test method covers the use of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP) and atomic
absorption spectroscopy (AA) in the analysis of major and trace elements in limestone and lime (calcined limestone).
1.2 Table 1 lists some of the elements that can be analyzed by this test method and the preferred wavelengths. Also see U.S.
EPA Methods 200.7 and 200.9.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
3
E863 Practice for Describing Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Equipment (Withdrawn 2004)
E1479 Practice for Describing and Specifying Inductively-Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometers
2.2 U.S. EPA Standards:
Methods for the Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples; U.S. EPA Methods 200.2, 200.7, and 200.9; Smoley, C.
4
K., 1992
5
Method 6010,Method 6010 Inductively Coupled Plasma Method, SW-846, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions for terms used in this test method can be found in Terminologies C51 and E135.
3.2 Additional Definitions:
3.2.1 total recoverable, n—trace element concentration in an unfiltered sample after heating in acid.
3.2.2 total digestion, n—complete digestion of a sample, including silica and silicate minerals, using the fusion-flux method.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime and Limestone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.05 on Chemical Tests.
Current edition approved June 1, 2009July 1, 2014. Published September 2009July 2014. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20012009 as
ε
C1301 – 95(2001).(2009) . DOI: 10.1520/C1301-95R09E01.10.1520/C1301-95R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from CRC Press, 2000 Corporate Blvd., N. W., Boca Raton, FL 33431.
5
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington,
DC 20401, http://www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1301 − 95 (2014)
A
TABLE 1 Elements and Some Suggested Wavelengths
Major Elements ICP Wavelength, nm AA Wavelength, nm
B
Calcium 317.933 (315.887) 422.7
Magnesium 279.079 (285.213) 285.2
Silicon 251.611 (288.160) 251.6
Aluminum 308.215 (309.271) 309.3
Iron 259.940 248.3
Manganese 257.610 279.5
Sodium 588.995 (589.59) 589.0
Potassium 766.491 766.5
C
Phosphorus 214.914 (213.618) .
Strontium 421.552 460.7
Trace Elements ICP Wavelength, nm AA Wavelength, nm
Antimony 206.833 217.6
Arsenic 193.696 193.7
Barium 455.403 (493.409) 553.6
Beryllium 313.042 234.9
Boron 249.773 249.8
Cadmium 226.502 (228.80) 228.8
Chromium 267.716 (205.552) 357.9
Cobalt 228.616 240.7 (242.5)
Copper 324.754 324.8
Lead 220.353 217.0 (283.3)
Molybdenum 202.030 (203.844) 313.
...

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4.2 The user should note that PFAS regulatory management framework at the federal and state level are evolving quickly. Therefore, consultation with legal and technical representatives with knowledge of federal, state, and local PFAS regulations is advised prior to use of this guide. Environmental audit policies or privileges may be applicable to some of the steps described in this guide (see EPA, 2000).  
4.3 Multi-step Risk Management Framework:  
4.3.1 The actions described in this guide are intended to provide a multi-step risk management framework to confirm, with reasonable certainty, that PFAS may have been used at a federally-owned, publicly-owned, or privately-owned property. This standard provides guidance on how to focus limited resources on using a multi-step process, illustrated in Fig. 2, to identify property potentially impacted by on-site or off-site uses and releases of PFAS. Section 4.5 describes the use and occurrence of PFAS. Section 4.6 describes activities at government and federal installations where PFAS use is expected. Section 4.7 broadly outlines the industry sectors where the use of PFAS has been documented (Glüge, 2020 (2), Gaines, 2022 (3)).
FIG. 2 Initial Site Screening and Characterization Flow Diagram  
4.4 PFAs History and Use:  
4.4.1 In the 1940s, industrial processes to co...
SCOPE
1.1 Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of over 7,000 manmade compounds consisting of polymeric chains of carbon bonded to fluorine atoms, usually with a polar functional group at the head. This guide recognizes that PFAS can be categorized as polymeric or nonpolymeric, collectively amounting to more than 4,700 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)-registered substances. Environmental concerns pertaining to PFAS are centered primarily on the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA), a subclass of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances, which display extreme persistence and chain-length dependent bioaccumulation and adverse effects in biota.  
1.2 The regulatory framework for PFAS continues to evolve, both domestically and internationally. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proceeding with a wide-ranging set of PFAS regulatory actions (EPA, 2021). While the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) does not currently recognize PFAS as hazardous substances, the statute does require actions to protect public health and the environment from contaminants and pollutants released to the environment. Other federal regulatory programs, such as the Safe Drinking Water Act are being used to address drinking water supplies adversely impacted by releases of PFAS. The Clean Water Act’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting program is tool that both federal and state regulators are using to regulate the inflows of PFAS-impacted wastewaters at both publicly-owned treatment works (POTW) and federally-owned wastewater treatment plants and the concentration of PFAS in permitted effluent. EPA continues to add additional per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances to the list of substances reportable under the federal Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) reporting program. International efforts to address per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances include Australia’s PFAS Nation...

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ASTM
ASTM D7169-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Point Distribution of Samples with Residues Such as Crude Oils and Atmospheric and Vacuum Residues by High Temperature Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The determination of the boiling point distribution of crude oils and vacuum residues, as well as other petroleum fractions, yields important information for refinery operation. These boiling point distributions provide information as to the potential mass percent yield of products. This test method may provide useful information that can aid in establishing operational conditions in the refinery. Knowledge of the amount of residue produced is important in determining the economics of the refining process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling point distribution and cut point intervals of crude oils and residues by using high temperature gas chromatography. The amount of residue (or sample recovery) is determined using an external standard.  
1.2 This test method extends the applicability of simulated distillation to samples that do not elute completely from the chromatographic system. This test method is used to determine the boiling point distribution through a temperature of 720 °C. This temperature corresponds to the elution of n-C100.  
1.3 This test method is used for the determination of boiling point distribution of crude oils. This test method uses capillary columns with thin films, which results in the incomplete separation of C4-C8 in the presence of large amounts of carbon disulfide, and thus yields an unreliable boiling point distribution corresponding to this elution interval. In addition, quenching of the response of the detector employed to hydrocarbons eluting during carbon disulfide elution, results in unreliable quantitative analysis of the boiling distribution in the C4-C8 region. Since the detector does not quantitatively measure the carbon disulfide, its subtraction from the sample using a solvent-only injection and corrections to this region via quenching factors, results in an approximate determination of the net chromatographic area. A separate, higher resolution gas chromatograph (GC) analysis of the light end portion of the sample may be necessary in order to obtain a more accurate description of the boiling point curve in the interval in question as described in Test Method D7900 (see Appendix X1).  
1.4 This test method is also designed to obtain the boiling point distribution of other incompletely eluting samples such as atmospheric residues, vacuum residues, etc., that are characterized by the fact that the sample components are resolved from the solvent.  
1.5 A correlation between boiling range distribution results from Test Method D2892, and the weight percentage data determined via this method, is presented in Appendix X2.  
1.6 This test method is not applicable for the analysis of materials containing a heterogeneous component such as polyesters and polyolefins.  
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 8.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM G136-03(2023)e1(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determination of Soluble Residual Contaminants in Materials by Ultrasonic Extraction

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is suitable for the determination of extractable substances that may be found in materials used in systems or components requiring a high level of cleanliness, such as oxygen systems. Soft goods, such as seals and valve seats, may be tested as received. Gloves and wipes, or samples thereof, to be used in cleaning operations may be evaluated prior to use to ensure that the proposed extracting agent does not extract or deposit chemicals, or both, on the surface to be cleaned.  
5.2 Wipes or other cleaning equipment may be tested after use to determine the amount of contaminant removed from a surface.
Note 1: The amount of material extracted may be dependent upon the frequency and power density of the ultrasonic unit.  
5.3 The extraction efficiency has been shown to vary with the frequency and power density of the ultrasonic unit. The unit, therefore, must be carefully evaluated to optimize the extraction conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice may be used to extract nonvolatile and semivolatile residues from materials such as new and used gloves, new and used wipes, component soft goods, and so forth. When used with proposed cleaning materials (wipes, gloves, and so forth), this practice may be used to determine the potential of the proposed solvent or other fluids to extract contaminants (plasticizers, residual detergents, brighteners, and so forth) and deposit them on the surface being cleaned.  
1.2 This practice is not suitable for the evaluation of particulate contamination.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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