ASTM A1018/A1018M-23a

Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Commercial, Drawing, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength

ABSTRACT
This specification covers standards for hot-rolled, heavy-thickness steel sheet and strip coils. The materials shall come in the following designations: (a) Commercial Steel (or CS) of Types A and B, and Standard Steel Designation; (b) Drawing Steel (DS) of Types A and B, and Standard Steel Designation; (c) Structural Steel (SS) of Grades 30[205], 33[230], 36[250] in Types 1 and 2, and 40[275]; (d) High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel (HSLAS) of Grades 45[310], 50[340], 55[380], 60[410], 65[450], and 70[480] in Classes 1 and 2; (e) High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Improved Formability (HSLAS-F) of Grades 50[340], 60[410], 70[480], and 80[550]; and (f) Ultra-High Strength Steel (UHSS) of Grades 90[620] and 100[690], Types 1 and 2. The strip and sheet coils shall conform to specified limit in width and thickness. Carbon, manganese, phosphorus, silicon, aluminum, silicon, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, columbium, titanium, nitrogen, and boron contents shall be followed as specified by each designations, classes, types, and grades. Tension tests shall be performed. Materials shall adhere to yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation requirements. Guidelines for workmanship, finish, and appearance are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, heavy-thickness coils beyond the size limits of Specification A1011/A1011M.  
1.2 The product is available in six designations: Commercial Steel, Drawing Steel, Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength Steel.  
1.3 This material is available only in coils described as follows:    
Product  
Size Limits, Coils Only  
Width, in. [mm]  
Thickness, in. [mm]  
Strip  
Over 8 to 12, incl
[Over 200 to 300]  
0.230 to 1.000, incl
[From 6.0 through 25]  
Sheet  
Over 12
[Over 300]  
0.230 to 1.000, incl
[From 6.0 through 25]
Note 1: The changes in width limits with the publication of A635/A635M – 06a result in a change in tensile testing direction for material from 0.180 in. [4.5 mm] to 0.230 in. exclusive [6.0 mm exclusive] over 48 in. [1200 mm] wide as that material is now covered by Specification A568/A568M – 06a. The purchaser is advised to discuss this change with the supplier.  
1.4 Sheet and strip in coils of sizes noted in 1.3 are covered by this specification only with the following provisions:  
1.4.1 The material is to be fed directly from coils into a blanking press, drawing or forming operation, tube mill, rolling mill, or sheared or slit into blanks for subsequent drawing or forming.  
1.4.2 The material is not to be converted into steel plates for structural or pressure vessel use unless tested in complete accordance with the appropriate sections of Specifications A6/A6M (plates provided from coils) or A20/A20M (plates produced from coils). Plate converted from coils is no longer governed by this sheet steel specification and since this material is now a plate, the requirements of the appropriate plate specification shall apply, except in cases where there is a conflict between the requirements of the plate specification and this specification. In these cases, the more restrictive limits of either specification shall apply.  
1.4.3 The dimensional tolerances of Specification A635/A635M are applicable to material produced to this specification.  
1.4.4 Not all strength levels are available in all thicknesses. The user should consult the producer for appropriate size limitations.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibi...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2023
• ICS: 77.140.20 - Stainless steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.19 - Steel Sheet and Strip

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A1018/A1018M-23 - Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Commercial, Drawing, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM A941-24 - Standard Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM A6/A6M-24 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM A370-24 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM A6/A6M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM A370-23 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2023
• Refers: ASTM A941-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
• Effective Date: 01-May-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A786/A786M-15(2021) - Standard Specification for Hot-Rolled Carbon, Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and Alloy Steel Floor Plates
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A857/A857M-19 - Standard Specification for Steel Sheet Piling, Cold Formed, Light Gage
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A635/A635M-22 - Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Alloy, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, General Requirements for
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A749/A749M-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled, General Requirements for
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A134/A134M-19 - Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes NPS 16 and Over)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A1097/A1097M-22 - Standard Specification for Steel Casing Pipe, Carbon, Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded (NPS 10 and Larger)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM A36/A36M-19 - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023

Overview

ASTM A1018/A1018M-23a is the standard specification set by ASTM International for hot-rolled, heavy-thickness steel sheet and strip coils. This standard details requirements for multiple steel designations, including commercial, drawing, structural, high-strength low-alloy (HSLA), HSLA with improved formability, and ultra-high-strength steels. These coils are utilized mainly in applications where strength, durability, and precise properties are essential. The specification also defines chemical composition, mechanical property requirements, dimensional tolerances, and guidelines for processing and workmanship.

Key Topics

• Scope and Product Range:

  • Covers hot-rolled coils exceeding the size limits defined in ASTM A1011/A1011M.
  • Applicable to strip (over 8 to 12 inches wide) and sheet (over 12 inches wide), with thicknesses from 0.230 to 1.000 inches.

• Steel Designations:

  • Commercial Steel (CS) Types A, B, C
  • Drawing Steel (DS) Types A, B
  • Structural Steel (SS) Grades 30[205], 33[230], 36[250], 40[275], 45[310], 50[340], 55[380]
  • High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel (HSLAS) Grades 45[310] to 70[480] in Classes 1 and 2
  • HSLA with Improved Formability (HSLAS-F) Grades 50[340] to 80[550]
  • Ultra-High Strength Steel (UHSS) Grades 90[620], 100[690]

• Chemical and Mechanical Properties:

  • Specifies limits for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, and additional elements such as silicon, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and microalloying elements for strength enhancement.
  • Mechanical properties require conformity to yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation parameters via standardized tension tests.

• Processing and Testing:

  • Material must be fed directly from coils for forming, tube mills, or further processing.
  • Prohibits conversion of these coils to plate unless specifically tested and certified per relevant plate standards.
  • Requires dimensional tolerances per ASTM A635/A635M and chemical analysis as per ASTM A751.

• Workmanship and Finish:

  • Specifies requirements for edge condition (mill or cut edge), oiling, and surface finish.
  • Additional guidance is provided for minimum bending radii and formability based on steel grade.

Applications

ASTM A1018/A1018M-23a steel coils are widely used in industries where heavy-duty and high-strength components are required, including:

• Automotive manufacturing: Chassis, frames, and structural components benefit from high-strength, formable steels.
• Construction: Structural steel in building frames, bridges, infrastructure, and fabrication of formed sections.
• Tube and pipe mills: As feedstock for production of welded and seamless tubing and piping with specific strength or ductility needs.
• Manufacturing: Parts requiring substantial forming, deep drawing, or stamping operations.

These steel coils are chosen for applications demanding reliable mechanical performance, consistency in thickness and width, and compatibility with further processing methods such as blanking, rolling, or forming.

Related Standards

For full compliance and integration in supply chains, the following related ASTM standards should also be reviewed:

• ASTM A1011/A1011M: Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength Steel Sheet and Strip
• ASTM A568/A568M: General Requirements for Steel Sheet, Carbon, Structural, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled
• ASTM A635/A635M: Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Alloy, Carbon, Structural, HSLA, and HSLA with Improved Formability
• ASTM A370: Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• ASTM A751: Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products

Keywords: hot-rolled steel sheet, steel strip, heavy-thickness coils, high-strength low-alloy steel, ASTM A1018, structural steel, formability, mechanical properties, carbon steel, ultra-high strength steel, ASTM standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A1018/A1018M − 23a
Standard Specification for
Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled,
Carbon, Commercial, Drawing, Structural, High-Strength
Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved
Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1018/A1018M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* governed by this sheet steel specification and since this
material is now a plate, the requirements of the appropriate
1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, heavy-thickness
plate specification shall apply, except in cases where there is a
coils beyond the size limits of Specification A1011/A1011M.
conflict between the requirements of the plate specification and
1.2 The product is available in six designations: Commer-
this specification. In these cases, the more restrictive limits of
cial Steel, Drawing Steel, Structural Steel, High-Strength
either specification shall apply.
Low-Alloy Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Im-
1.4.3 The dimensional tolerances of Specification A635/
proved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength Steel.
A635M are applicable to material produced to this specifica-
1.3 This material is available only in coils described as tion.
1.4.4 Not all strength levels are available in all thicknesses.
follows:
The user should consult the producer for appropriate size
Product Size Limits, Coils Only
limitations.
Width, in. [mm] Thickness, in. [mm]
Strip Over 8 to 12, incl 0.230 to 1.000, incl
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
[Over 200 to 300] [From 6.0 through 25]
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Sheet Over 12 0.230 to 1.000, incl
[Over 300] [From 6.0 through 25]
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
NOTE 1—The changes in width limits with the publication of A635/
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
A635M – 06a result in a change in tensile testing direction for material
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
from 0.180 in. [4.5 mm] to 0.230 in. exclusive [6.0 mm exclusive] over
with the standard.
48 in. [1200 mm] wide as that material is now covered by Specification
A568/A568M – 06a. The purchaser is advised to discuss this change with
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the supplier.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.4 Sheet and strip in coils of sizes noted in 1.3 are covered
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
by this specification only with the following provisions:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4.1 The material is to be fed directly from coils into a
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
blanking press, drawing or forming operation, tube mill, rolling
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
mill, or sheared or slit into blanks for subsequent drawing or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
forming.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.4.2 The material is not to be converted into steel plates for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
structural or pressure vessel use unless tested in complete
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
accordance with the appropriate sections of Specifications
A6/A6M (plates provided from coils) or A20/A20M (plates
2. Referenced Documents
produced from coils). Plate converted from coils is no longer
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.19 on Steel Sheet and Strip. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as A1018/A1018M – 23. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A1018_A1018M-23A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A1018/A1018M − 23a
Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling 5.1.1.2 Commercial Steel Designations, in accordance with
A20/A20M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Specification A635/A635M Table X1.1, with no type specified,
Plates for Pressure Vessels
(CS-1005, CS-1006, CS-1020, and so forth).
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
5.1.2 Drawing Steel (DS Types A and B):
of Steel Products
5.1.2.1 Drawing Steel, DS Types A and B combined with
A568/A568M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon,
chemistry grade per Specification A635/A635M Table X1.3.
Structural, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and
(DS Type A-1005, DS Type B-1006, and so forth.)
Cold-Rolled, General Requirements for
5.1.3 Structural Steel—(SS Grades 30[205], 33[230],
A572/A572M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy
36[250] Types 1 and 2, 40[275], 45[310], 50 [340], and 55
Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel
[380]).
A635/A635M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,
5.1.4 High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel—(HSLAS Grades
Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Alloy, Carbon,
45[310], 50[340], 55[380], 60[410], 65[450], 70[480]) in
Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, and High-Strength
Classes 1 and 2.
Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, General Require-
ments for
5.1.4.1 This material is intended for miscellaneous applica-
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
tions where greater strength and savings in weight are impor-
Steel Products
tant. The material is available in two classes. They are similar
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
in strength level, except that Class 2 offers improved weldabil-
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
ity and more formability than Class 1. Atmospheric corrosion
A1011/A1011M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,
resistance of these steels is equivalent to plain carbon steels.
Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-
With copper specified, the atmospheric corrosion is somewhat
Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved
enhanced.
Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
5.1.5 High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Improved
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Formability—(HSLAS-F Grades 50[340], 60[410], 70[480],
Determine Conformance with Specifications
80[550]).
G101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Re-
5.1.5.1 This material has improved formability when com-
sistance of Low-Alloy Steels
pared with HSLAS. The steel is killed and made to a fine
3. Terminology
ferritic grain practice and includes microalloying elements
such as columbium, titanium, vanadium, zirconium, and so
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of other terms used in this
forth. The steel shall be treated to achieve inclusion control.
specification refer to Terminology A941.
The material is intended for miscellaneous applications where
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
higher strength, savings in weight, improved formability, and
3.2.1 inclusion control, n—the process of reducing the
weldability are important. Atmospheric corrosion resistance of
volume fraction of inclusions or modifying the shape of
these steels is equivalent to plain carbon steels. With copper
inclusions to improve formability, weldability, and machinabil-
specified, the atmospheric corrosion resistance is somewhat
ity.
enhanced.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Inclusions, especially those elongated
during the rolling process, create the conditions for initiating or
NOTE 2—For methods of establishing the atmospheric corrosion resis-
propagating cracks, or both, when the material is stretched or
tance of low-alloy steels, see Guide G101.
bent during the manufacture of a part. The adverse effects of
5.1.6 Ultra-High Strength Steel—(UHSS Grades 90 [620]
inclusions are minimized by reducing the content of inclusions
and 100 [690], Types 1 and 2).
in the steel, or by altering the shape of inclusions through the
5.1.6.1 This material has increased strength compared with
use of additions during the steelmaking process that change the
HSLAS-F. The steel is killed and made to a fine ferritic grain
elongated shape of the inclusions to less harmful small, well
practice, and includes microalloying elements such as colum-
dispersed globular inclusions, or both.
bium (niobium), titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, and so
4. General Requirements for Delivery
forth. The steel shall be treated to achieve inclusion control.
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- The material is intended for miscellaneous applications where
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of higher strength, savings in weight, and weldability are impor-
Specification A635/A635M, unless otherwise provided herein. tant. Atmospheric corrosion resistance of these steels is equiva-
lent to plain carbon steels. With copper specified, the atmo-
5. Classification
spheric corrosion resistance is somewhat enhanced.
5.1 Heavy thickness coils are available in the following
5.1.7 When required for HSLAS, HSLAS-F, and UHSS
designations:
steels, limitations on the use of one or more of the microalloy
5.1.1 Commercial Steel (CS Types A, B, and C):
elements shall be specified on the order.
5.1.1.1 Commercial Steel, CS Types A and B combined with
chemistry grade in accordance with Specification A635/ 5.2 The limits for copper, chromium, nickel, and molybde-
A635M Table X1.3. (CS Type A-1006, CS Type A-1008, and num are available in two levels, Limits A and Limits B (see
so forth). Table 1).
A1018/A1018M − 23a
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements: Cu, Ni, Cr and Mo for Commercial Steels, Structural Steels, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels, and
High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels with Improved Formability
% Heat Analysis, Element Maximum Unless Otherwise Shown
A,B B B,C B,C
Designation Limits Cu Ni Cr Mo
CS:
Grades 1002–1095, A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06
1515–1566 B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.12
SS:
All grades A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06
B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.12
HSLAS:
All grades and classes A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06
except for Grade 70 B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.12
[480]
Grade 70 [480] Class 1 A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.16
and Class 2
B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.16
HSLAS-F:
Grades 50 [340] and A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06
60 [410]
B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.12
Grade 70 [480] and 80 A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.16
[550]
B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.16
A
When copper bearing steel is specified, the minimum limit for copper is 0.20 %. When copper bearing steel is not specified, the maximum limit for copper is as shown
in the table.
B
For Limits B steels, the sum of copper, nickel, chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 % on heat analysis. When one or more of these elements are specified
by the purchaser, the sum does not apply; in which case, only the individual limits on the remaining elements shall apply.
C
For Limits B steels, the sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 % on heat analysis. When one or more of these elements are specified, the sum does
not apply; in which case, only the individual limits on the remaining elements shall apply.
6. Ordering Information Table 1 (elements Cu, Cr, Ni, and Mo). When Limits A or
Limits B is not specified, Limits A shall be furnished,
6.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
6.1.5 Condition—Material in accordance with this specifi-
the following information, as required, to describe adequately
cation is furnished in the hot rolled condition. Pickled (or blast
the desired material.
cleaned) must be specified if required. Material ordered as
6.1.1 ASTM specification number and year of issue,
pickled (or blast cleaned) will be oiled unless ordered dry,
6.1.2 Name of material and designation (hot-rolled steel
6.1.6 Type of edge must be specified for hot rolled sheet
sheet or hot-rolled strip) (include grade and, as appropriate,
coils and strip coils, either mill edge or cut edge (sheet), mill
type and class for CS, DS, SS, HSLAS, HSLAS-F, and UHSS)
edge or slit edge (strip),
(see 5.1),
6.1.7 Dimensions (decimal thickness and width of material),
6.1.2.1 For CS and DS, when a type is not specified, Type B
will be furnished.
NOTE 3—Not all producers are capable of meeting all the limitations of
(1) When a chemistry grade is specified in accordance with
the thickness tolerance tables in Specification A635/A635M. The pur-
Specification A635/A635M Table X1.3, the grade shall be
chaser should contact the producer regarding possible limitations prior to
furnished as CS Type B-1008, DS Type A-1005, and so forth.
placing an order.
(2) When only a Steel Designation is specified in accor-
6.1.8 Coils size and weight requirements (must include
dance with Specification A635/A635M Table X1.1, with no
inside diameter (ID), outside diameter (OD), and maximum
reference to CS Type A, CS Type B, DS Type A or DS Type B,
weight),
the grade shall be furnished as CS-1005, CS-1008, CS-1020,
6.1.9 Quantity (weight),
and so forth.
6.1.10 Application (part identification and description). Or-
6.1.2.2 For SS Grade 36, when a type is not specified, Type
ders for conversion to plate shall include reference to the
1 will be furnished (see 5.1).
applicable ASTM plate specification,
6.1.2.3 For UHSS, when a type is not specified, Type 1 shall
6.1.11 A report is required of heat analysis and mechanical
be furnished.
properties as determined by the tension test, and
6.1.2.4 For HSLAS, when a class is not specified, Class 1
6.1.12 Special requirements (if any).
will be furnished (see 5.1).
6.1.3 Copper bearing, (if required), 6.1.12.1 When the purchaser requires a limit on “carbon
6.1.4 For SS, HSLAS, and HSLAS-F and selected CS equivalent” (see Supplementary Requirement S1), this require-
steels, specify the limits for chemical requirements listed in ment shall be specified in the purchase order or contract.
A1018/A1018M − 23a
6.1.12.2 When the purchaser requires thickness tolerances mined value. When the amount of boron is less than 0.0005 %,
for ⁄8 in. [10 mm] minimum edge distance (see Supplementary report the analysis as <0.0005 % or the actual determined
Requirement in Specification A635/A635M), this requirement
value.
shall be specified in the purchase order or contract.
7.6 For Structural Steel (SS) the addition of microalloying
NOTE 4—A typical ordering description is as follows: (inch pound
elements, including columbium, vanadium, or titanium, as well
units) ASTM A1018/A1018M: Grade 50, High-Strength, Low-Alloy
as nitrogen, as strength enhancers is prohibited.
Steel, Class 2, Limits B, hot rolled sheet coils, pickled and oiled, cut edge,
0.500 in. by 40 in. by coil; ID 24 in., OD 72 in., maximum; coil weight
7.7 Sheet steel grades defined by this specification are
40 000 lb, maximum; 200 000 lb for roll forming shapes; (SI units) ASTM
suitable for welding if appropriate welding conditions are
A1018/A1018M: Grade 340, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel, Class 2,
selected. For certain welding processes, more restrictive com-
Limits B, hot-rolled sheet coils, pickled and oiled, cut edge; 10 mm by
900 mm by coil; ID 600 mm, OD 1800 mm, maximum; coil weight position limits may be desirable and should be requested at the
18 000 kg maximum; 90 000 kg for roll forming shapes. For conversion to
time of inquiry and ordering.
plate: (inch-pound units) ASTM A1018/A1018M: Grade 50, High-
Strength Low-Alloy Steel, Class 1, Limits A, hot-rolled sheet coils, as
8. Mechanical Properties
rolled, mill edge, 0.500 in. by 50 in. by coil, ID 24 in., OD 72 in.,
maximum; coil weight 40 000 lb, maximum; 200 000 lb for conversion to
8.1 Test specimen preparation and mechanical testing shall
plate, Specification A572/A572M Grade 50; (SI units) ASTM A1018/
be in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370.
A1018M: Grade 340, Structural Steel, hot-rolled sheet coils, as rolled, mill
edge; 10 mm by 1000 mm by coil; ID 600 mm, OD 1800 mm, maximum;
8.2 Tensile Properties—The material, structural steel, high-
coil weight 18 000 kg maximum; 100 000 kg for conversion to plate,
Specification A572/A572M Grade 340.
strength low-alloy steel, high-strength low-alloy steel with
improved formability, and ultra-high strength steel, as repre-
7. Chemical Composition
sented by the test specimens shall conform to the mechanical
property requirements as stated
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A1018/A1018M − 23 A1018/A1018M − 23a
Standard Specification for
Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled,
Carbon, Commercial, Drawing, Structural, High-Strength
Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved
Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1018/A1018M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers hot-rolled, heavy-thickness coils beyond the size limits of Specification A1011/A1011M.
1.2 The product is available in six designations: Commercial Steel, Drawing Steel, Structural Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy
Steel, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength Steel.
1.3 This material is available only in coils described as follows:
Product Size Limits, Coils Only
Width, in. [mm] Thickness, in. [mm]
Strip Over 8 to 12, incl 0.230 to 1.000, incl
[Over 200 to 300] [From 6.0 through 25]
Sheet Over 12 0.230 to 1.000, incl
[Over 300] [From 6.0 through 25]
NOTE 1—The changes in width limits with the publication of A635/A635M – 06a result in a change in tensile testing direction for material from 0.180
in. [4.5 mm] to 0.230 in. exclusive [6.0 mm exclusive] over 48 in. [1200 mm] wide as that material is now covered by Specification A568/A568M – 06a.
The purchaser is advised to discuss this change with the supplier.
1.4 Sheet and strip in coils of sizes noted in 1.3 are covered by this specification only with the following provisions:
1.4.1 The material is to be fed directly from coils into a blanking press, drawing or forming operation, tube mill, rolling mill, or
sheared or slit into blanks for subsequent drawing or forming.
1.4.2 The material is not to be converted into steel plates for structural or pressure vessel use unless tested in complete accordance
with the appropriate sections of Specifications A6/A6M (plates provided from coils) or A20/A20M (plates produced from coils).
Plate converted from coils is no longer governed by this sheet steel specification and since this material is now a plate, the
requirements of the appropriate plate specification shall apply, except in cases where there is a conflict between the requirements
of the plate specification and this specification. In these cases, the more restrictive limits of either specification shall apply.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.19
on Steel Sheet and Strip.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023Nov. 1, 2023. Published June 2023December 2023. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20182023 as
A1018/A1018M – 18.A1018/A1018M – 23. DOI: 10.1520/A1018_A1018M-23.10.1520/A1018_A1018M-23A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A1018/A1018M − 23a
1.4.3 The dimensional tolerances of Specification A635/A635M are applicable to material produced to this specification.
1.4.4 Not all strength levels are available in all thicknesses. The user should consult the producer for appropriate size limitations.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
A20/A20M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A568/A568M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, Structural, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled,
General Requirements for
A572/A572M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel
A635/A635M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Alloy, Carbon, Structural,
High-Strength Low-Alloy, and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, General Requirements for
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A1011/A1011M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-
Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
G101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of other terms used in this specification refer to Terminology A941.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 inclusion control, n—the process of reducing the volume fraction of inclusions or modifying the shape of inclusions to
improve formability, weldability, and machinability.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
Inclusions, especially those elongated during the rolling process, create the conditions for initiating or propagating cracks, or both,
when the material is stretched or bent during the manufacture of a part. The adverse effects of inclusions are minimized by reducing
the content of inclusions in the steel, or by altering the shape of inclusions through the use of additions during the steelmaking
process that change the elongated shape of the inclusions to less harmful small, well dispersed globular inclusions, or both.
4. General Requirements for Delivery
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specification
A635/A635M, unless otherwise provided herein.
5. Classification
5.1 Heavy thickness coils are available in the following designations:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
A1018/A1018M − 23a
5.1.1 Commercial Steel (CS Types A, B, and C):
5.1.1.1 Commercial Steel, CS Types A and B combined with chemistry grade in accordance with Specification A635/A635M Table
X1.3. (CS Type A-1006, CS Type A-1008, and so forth).
5.1.1.2 Commercial Steel Designations, in accordance with Specification A635/A635M Table X1.1, with no type specified,
(CS-1005, CS-1006, CS-1020, and so forth).
5.1.2 Drawing Steel (DS Types A and B):
5.1.2.1 Drawing Steel, DS Types A and B combined with chemistry grade per Specification A635/A635M Table X1.3. (DS Type
A-1005, DS Type B-1006, and so forth.)
5.1.3 Structural Steel—(SS Grades 30[205], 33[230], 36[250] Types 1 and 2, 40[275], 45[310], 50 [340], and 55 [380]).
5.1.4 High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel—(HSLAS Grades 45[310], 50[340], 55[380], 60[410], 65[450], 70[480]) in Classes 1 and 2.
5.1.4.1 This material is intended for miscellaneous applications where greater strength and savings in weight are important. The
material is available in two classes. They are similar in strength level, except that Class 2 offers improved weldability and more
formability than Class 1. Atmospheric corrosion resistance of these steels is equivalent to plain carbon steels. With copper
specified, the atmospheric corrosion is somewhat enhanced.
5.1.5 High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel with Improved Formability—(HSLAS-F Grades 50[340], 60[410], 70[480], 80[550]).
5.1.5.1 This material has improved formability when compared with HSLAS. The steel is killed and made to a fine ferritic grain
practice and includes microalloying elements such as columbium, titanium, vanadium, zirconium, and so forth. The steel shall be
treated to achieve inclusion control. The material is intended for miscellaneous applications where higher strength, savings in
weight, improved formability, and weldability are important. Atmospheric corrosion resistance of these steels is equivalent to plain
carbon steels. With copper specified, the atmospheric corrosion resistance is somewhat enhanced.
NOTE 2—For methods of establishing the atmospheric corrosion resistance of low-alloy steels, see Guide G101.
5.1.6 Ultra-High Strength Steel—(UHSS Grades 90 [620] and 100 [690], Types 1 and 2).
5.1.6.1 This material has increased strength compared with HSLAS-F. The steel is killed and made to a fine ferritic grain practice,
and includes microalloying elements such as columbium (niobium), titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, and so forth. The steel shall
be treated to achieve inclusion control. The material is intended for miscellaneous applications where higher strength, savings in
weight, and weldability are important. Atmospheric corrosion resistance of these steels is equivalent to plain carbon steels. With
copper specified, the atmospheric corrosion resistance is somewhat enhanced.
5.1.7 When required for HSLAS, HSLAS-F, and UHSS steels, limitations on the use of one or more of the microalloy elements
shall be specified on the order.
5.2 The limits for copper, chromium, nickel, and molybdenum are available in two levels, Limits A and Limits B (see Table 1).
6. Ordering Information
6.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information, as required, to describe adequately the
desired material.
6.1.1 ASTM specification number and year of issue.issue,
6.1.2 Name of material and designation (hot-rolled steel sheet or hot-rolled strip) (include grade and, as appropriate, type and class
for CS, DS, SS, HSLAS, HSLAS-F, and UHSS) (see 5.1).),
6.1.2.1 For CS and DS, when a type is not specified, Type B will be furnished.
A1018/A1018M − 23a
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements: Cu, Ni, Cr and Mo for Commercial Steels, Structural Steels, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels, and
High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels with Improved Formability
% Heat Analysis, Element Maximum Unless Otherwise Shown
A,B B B,C B,C
Designation Limits Cu Ni Cr Mo
CS:
Grades 1002–1095, A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06
1515–1566 B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.12
SS:
All grades A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06
B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.12
HSLAS:
All grades and classes A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06
except for Grade 70 B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.12
[480]
Grade 70 [480] Class 1 A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.16
and Class 2
B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.16
HSLAS-F:
Grades 50 [340] and A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06
60 [410]
B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.12
Grade 70 [480] and 80 A 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.16
[550]
B 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.16
A
When copper bearing steel is specified, the minimum limit for copper is 0.20 %. When copper bearing steel is not specified, the maximum limit for copper is as shown
in the table.
B
For Limits B steels, the sum of copper, nickel, chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 % on heat analysis. When one or more of these elements are specified
by the purchaser, the sum does not apply; in which case, only the individual limits on the remaining elements shall apply.
C
For Limits B steels, the sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 % on heat analysis. When one or more of these elements are specified, the sum does
not apply; in which case, only the individual limits on the remaining elements shall apply.
(1) When a chemistry grade is specified in accordance with Specification A635/A635M Table X1.3, the grade shall be
furnished as CS Type B-1008, DS Type A-1005, and so forth.
(2) When only a Steel Designation is specified in accordance with Specification A635/A635M Table X1.1, with no reference
to CS Type A, CS Type B, DS Type A or DS Type B, the grade shall be furnished as CS-1005, CS-1008, CS-1020, and so forth.
6.1.2.2 For SS Grade 36, when a type is not specified, Type 1 will be furnished (see 5.1).
6.1.2.3 For UHSS, when a type is not specified, Type 1 shall be furnished.
6.1.2.4 For HSLAS, when a class is not specified, Class 1 will be furnished (see 5.1),).
6.1.3 Copper bearing, (if required),
6.1.4 For SS, HSLAS, and HSLAS-F and selected CS steels, specify the limits for chemical requirements listed in Table 1
(elements Cu, Cr, Ni, and Mo). When Limits A or Limits B is not specified, Limits A shall be furnished.furnished,
6.1.5 Condition—Material in accordance with this specification is furnished in the hot rolled condition. Pickled (or blast cleaned)
must be specified if required. Material ordered as pickled (or blast cleaned) will be oiled unless ordered dry,
6.1.6 Type of edge must be specified for hot rolled sheet coils and strip coils, either mill edge or cut edge (sheet), mill edge or
slit edge (strip),
6.1.7 Dimensions (decimal thickness and width of material),
NOTE 3—Not all producers are capable of meeting all the limitations of the thickness tolerance tables in Specification A635/A635M. The purchaser should
contact the producer regarding possible limitations prior to placing an order.
6.1.8 Coils size and weight requirements (must include inside diameter (ID), outside diameter (OD), and maximum weight),
A1018/A1018M − 23a
6.1.9 Quantity (weight),
6.1.10 Application (part identification and description). Orders for conversion to plate shall include reference to the applicable
ASTM plate specification.specification,
6.1.11 A report is required of heat analysis and mechanical properties as determined by the tension test, and
6.1.12 Special requirements (if any).
6.1.12.1 When the purchaser requires a limit on “carbon equivalent” (see Supplementary Requirement S1), this requirement shall
be specified in the purchase order or contract.
6.1.12.2 When the purchaser requires thickness tolerances for ⁄8 in. [10 mm] minimum edge distance (see Supplementary
Requirement in Specification A635/A635M), this requirement shall be specified in the purchase order or contract.
NOTE 4—A typical ordering description is as follows: (inch pound units) ASTM A1018/A1018M: Grade 50, High-Strength, Low-Alloy Steel, Class 2,
Limits B, hot rolled sheet coils, pickled and oiled, cut edge, 0.5000.500 in. by 40 in. by coil; ID 24 in., OD 72 in., maximum; coil weight 40 000 lb,
maximum; 200 000 lb for roll forming shapes; (SI units) ASTM A1018/A1018M: Grade 340, High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel, Class 2, Limits B,
hot-rolled sheet coils, pickled and oiled, cut edge; 10 by 900 mm 10 mm by 900 mm by coil; ID 600 mm, OD 1800 mm, maximum; coil weight 18 000 kg
maximum; 90 000 kg for roll forming shapes. For conversion to plate: (inch-pound units) ASTM A1018/A1018M: Grade 50, High-Strength Low-Alloy
Steel, Class 1, Limits A, hot-rolled sheet coils, as rolled, mill edge, 0.5000.500 in. by 50 in. by coil, ID 24 in., OD 72 in., maximum; coil weight 40 000
lb, maximum; 200 000 lb for conversion to plate, Specification A572/A572M Grade 50; (SI units) ASTM A1018/A1018M: Grade 340, Structural Steel,
hot-rolled sheet coils, as rolled, mill edge; 1010 mm by 1000 mm by coil; ID 600 mm, OD 1800 mm, maximum; coil weight 18 000 kg maximum;
100 000 kg for conversion to plate, Specification A572/A572M Grade 340.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The heat analysis of commercial steel and drawing steel shall conform to the requirements of Table 2, and where appropriate,
Specification A635/A635M Table X1.1 and X1.3.
7.2 The heat analysis of structural steel, high-strength low-alloy steel, high-strength low-alloy steel with improved formability, and
ultra-high strength steel shall conform to the requirements of Tables 2 and 3.
7.3 Table 1 describes the heat analysis requirements for two sets of limits (A and B) for the elements copper, chromium, nickel,
and molybdenum. The required set of limits (A and B) for these elements shall be specified on the order.
7.4 Chemical analysis shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
A
Commercial and Drawing Steels
% Heat Analysis, Element Maximum Unless Otherwise Shown
B C
Designation C Mn P S Al Si Cu Ni Cr Mo V Nb Ti N B
B
Designation C Mn P S Al Si Cu Ni Cr Mo V Cb/Nb Ti N B
D,E,F G G H G G
CS Type A 0.10 0.60 0.030 0.035 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025
C,D,E F F G F F
CS Type A 0.10 0.60 0.030 0.035 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025
G G H G G
CS Type B 0.02 to 0.15 0.60 0.030 0.035 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025
F F G F F
CS Type B 0.02 to 0.15 0.60 0.030 0.035 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025
D,E,F H
CS Type C 0.08 0.60 0.10 0.035 . . . . . . 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025 . . . . . .
C,D,E F F G F F
CS Type C 0.08 0.60 0.10 0.035 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025
D,F G G G
DS Type A 0.08 0.50 0.020 0.030 0.01 min 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025
C,E F F F
DS Type A 0.08 0.50 0.020 0.030 0.01 min 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025
G G G
DS Type B 0.02 to 0.08 0.50 0.020 0.030 0.01 min 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025
F F F
DS Type B 0.02 to 0.08 0.50 0.020 0.030 0.01 min 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.025
A
For additional chemistry grades/designations, refer to Specification A635/A635M Appendix X1, Tables X1.1 and X1.3.
B
The names Columbium (Cb) and Niobium (Nb) for Periodic Table Element 41 are considered interchangeable within A01 Product specifications.
C
Titanium is permitted at the producer’s option, to the lesser of 3.4N + 1.5S or 0.025 %.
C
For carbon lev
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