ASTM C403/C403M-08

Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration Resistance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Since the setting of concrete is a gradual process, any definition of time of setting must necessarily be arbitrary. In this test method, the times required for the mortar to reach specified values of resistance to penetration are used to define times of setting.
This test method can be used to determine the effects of variables, such as water content; brand, type and amount of cementitious material; or admixtures, upon the time of setting of concrete. This test method may also be used to determine compliance with specified time-of-setting requirements.
This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts. However, when the setting time of concrete is desired, the test shall be performed on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture and not on a prepared mortar intended to simulate the mortar fraction of the concrete; it has been shown that the initial and final setting times may be increased when using the prepared mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time of setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of penetration resistance measurements on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture.
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of the mortar fraction will provide the information required.
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts.
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2008
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.23 - Chemical Admixtures

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C403/C403M-06 - Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1709-22 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials (ASCM) for Use in Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C688-22 - Standard Specification for Functional Additions for Use in Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1810/C1810M-22 - Standard Guide for Comparing Performance of Concrete-Making Materials Using Mortar Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1579-21 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Plastic Shrinkage Cracking of Restrained Fiber Reinforced Concrete (Using a Steel Form Insert)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1679-22 - Standard Practice for Measuring Hydration Kinetics of Hydraulic Cementitious Mixtures Using Isothermal Calorimetry
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1622/C1622M-10(2016)e1 - Standard Specification for Cold-Weather Admixture Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C494/C494M-19e1 - Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C979/C979M-16 - Standard Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1753/C1753M-21a - Standard Practice for Evaluating Early Hydration of Hydraulic Cementitious Mixtures Using Thermal Measurements
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C928/C928M-20a - Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Rapid-Hardening Cementitious Materials for Concrete Repairs
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C192/C192M-19 - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C233/C233M-18 - Standard Test Method for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1582/C1582M-11(2017)e1 - Standard Specification for Admixtures to Inhibit Chloride-Induced Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C31/C31M-23 - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C403/C403M − 08
Standard Test Method for
Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration
1
Resistance
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C403/C403M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* C173/C173MTestMethodforAirContentofFreshlyMixed
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthetimeof
C192/C192MPractice for Making and Curing ConcreteTest
setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of
Specimens in the Laboratory
penetrationresistancemeasurementsonmortarsievedfromthe
C231Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Con-
concrete mixture.
crete by the Pressure Method
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of
C670Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
the mortar fraction will provide the information required.
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared D1558TestMethodforMoistureContentPenetrationResis-
tance Relationships of Fine-Grained Soils
mortars and grouts.
E11Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled labora-
Sieves
tory conditions, as well as under field conditions.
E2251Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3. Terminology
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are given in Terminology
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
C125.
with the standard.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4.1 Amortar sample is obtained by sieving a representative
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- sample of fresh concrete. The mortar is placed in a container
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- and stored at a specified ambient temperature. At regular time
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. intervals, the resistance of the mortar to penetration by stan-
dardneedlesismeasured.Fromaplotofpenetrationresistance
2. Referenced Documents
versus elapsed time, the times of initial and final setting are
2
determined.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C125Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
5. Significance and Use
gregates
5.1 Since the setting of concrete is a gradual process, any
C143/C143MTest Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
definition of time of setting must necessarily be arbitrary. In
Concrete
this test method, the times required for the mortar to reach
C172Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
specified values of resistance to penetration are used to define
times of setting.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
5.2 This test method can be used to determine the effects of
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.23 on Chemical Admixtures.
variables, such as water content; brand, type and amount of
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally
cementitious material; or admixtures, upon the time of setting
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C403/C403M – 06.
of concrete. This test method may also be used to determine
DOI: 10.1520/C0403_C0403M-08.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or compliance with specified time-of-setting requirements.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. mortarsandgrouts.However,whenthesettingtimeofconcrete
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C403/C403M − 08
is desired, the test shall be performed on mortar sieved from of batches for each variable on any one day. When it is
the concrete mixture and not on a prepared mortar intended to impossible to perform at least one test for each variable on any
simulate the mortar fraction of the concrete; it has been shown one
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C403/C403M–06 Designation:C403/C403M–08
Standard Test Method for
Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration
1
Resistance
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationC403/C403M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time of setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of
penetration resistance measurements on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture.
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of the mortar fraction will provide the information required.
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts.
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions.
1.5The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values
in any way.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
D1558 Test Method for Moisture Content Penetration Resistance Relationships of Fine-Grained Soils E1Specification for
ASTM Liquid-in-
Glass Thermometers
E11SpecificationforWireClothandSievesforTestingPurposes SpecificationforWireClothandSievesforTestingPurposes
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are given in Terminology C125.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Amortar sample is obtained by sieving a representative sample of fresh concrete. The mortar is placed in a container and
stored at a specified ambient temperature.At regular time intervals, the resistance of the mortar to penetration by standard needles
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.23 on
Chemical Admixtures.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2006. Published January 2007. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C403/C403M–05.
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C403/C403M–06.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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C403/C403M–08
is measured. From a plot of penetration resistance versus elapsed time, the times of initial and final setting are determined.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Since the setting of concrete is a gradual process, any definition of time of setting must necessarily be arbitrary. In this test
method, the times required for the mortar to reach specified values of r
...