ASTM D5549-94e1
(Guide)Standard Guide for the Contents of Geostatistical Site Investigation Report (Withdrawn 2003)
Standard Guide for the Contents of Geostatistical Site Investigation Report (Withdrawn 2003)
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the contents required for a complete report of a geostatistical site investigation. A complete report is understood here to be one that contains all the information necessary to the understanding and evaluation of the geostatistical site investigation by other geostatisticians.
1.2 This guide does not discuss the reporting of supplementary information that may assist evaluation of the report.
1.3 While geostatistical methods are used in many fields, this guide is primarily intended for the reporting of environmental and geotechnical applications. Environmental applications of geostatistics are discussed in United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) documents (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7).
1.4 The basic geostatistical methods referred to in this guide are fully described in texts by David (8), Journel and Huijbregts (9), Clark (10), and Isaaks and Srivastava (11). Olea (12) gives a thorough compilation of geostatistical terminology.
1.5 This guide does not discuss the reporting of multivariate, space-time, and other less-frequently used geostatistical methods; however this is not intended to reflect any judgment as to the validity of these methods.
1.6 Geostatistics is but one approach that can be used to understand and describe site conditions. Investigations should incorporate whatever supplementary knowledge of the site that may be available from other sources. As with classical statistical approaches, geostatistics is not intended to establish cause-and-effect relationships.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D 5549 – 94
Standard Guide for
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The Contents of Geostatistical Site Investigation Report
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5549; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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e NOTE—Paragraph 1.7 was added editorially October 1998.
INTRODUCTION
Geostatistics is a framework for data analysis and estimation in media whose measurable attributes
show erratic spatial variability yet also possess a degree of spatial continuity imparted by the natural
and anthropogenic process operating therein. The soil, rock, and contained fluids encountered in
environmental or geotechnical site investigations present such features and their sampled attributes are
therefore amenable to geostatistical treatment. This guide is concerned with the reporting of such
investigations.
1. Scope tical approaches, geostatistics is not intended to establish
cause-and-effect relationships.
1.1 This guide covers the contents required for a complete
1.7 This guide offers an organized collection of information
report of a geostatistical site investigation. A complete report is
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
understood here to be one that contains all the information
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
necessary to the understanding and evaluation of the geostatis-
experience and should be used in conjunction with professional
tical site investigation by other geostatisticians.
judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
1.2 This guide does not discuss the reporting of supplemen-
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
tary information that may assist evaluation of the report.
sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
1.3 While geostatistical methods are used in many fields,
a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
this guide is primarily intended for the reporting of environ-
document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
mental and geotechnical applications. Environmental applica-
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
tions of geostatistics are discussed in United States Environ-
2 document means only that the document has been approved
mental Protection Agency (EPA) documents (1-7).
through the ASTM consensus process.
1.4 The basic geostatistical methods referred to in this guide
are fully described in texts by David (8), Journel and
2. Referenced Documents
Huijbregts (9), Clark (10), and Isaaks and Srivastava (11). Olea
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(12) gives a thorough compilation of geostatistical terminol-
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
ogy.
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Fluids
1.5 This guide does not discuss the reporting of multivari-
ate, space-time, and other less-frequently used geostatistical
3. Terminology
methods; however this is not intended to reflect any judgment
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
as to the validity of these methods.
3.1.1 additivity, n—a mathematical property of a regional-
1.6 Geostatistics is but one approach that can be used to
ized variable stating that it can be combined linearly in order to
understand and describe site conditions. Investigations should
define a similar variable on a larger support.
incorporate whatever supplementary knowledge of the site that
3.1.2 correlogram, n—a measure of spatial continuity ex-
may be available from other sources. As with classical statis-
pressing the coefficient of correlation between two variables as
a function of the lag distance separating their locations.
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This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil and 3.1.3 covariance, n—a measure of similarity between two
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.01 on Surface and
variables defined as the expected value of their product minus
Subsurface Characterization.
Current edition approved June 15, 1994. Published September 1994.
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The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of
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the text. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
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D5549–94
the product of their expected values and often used to measure 4. Summary of Guide
spatial continuity between two variables as a function of the lag
4.1 T
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