ASTM G128-02e1

Standard Guide for Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen Enriched Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of this guide is to introduce the hazards and risks involved with the handling of oxygen, cautioning the reader about the limitations of present practices and technology and about common hazards that often are overlooked. It then provides an overview of the standards produced by ASTM Committee G-4 and their uses, as well as similar documents available from other knowledgeable sources. It does not highlight standard test methods that support the use of these practices from this or other committees.
The standards discussed here focus on reducing the hazards and risks associated with the use of oxygen. In general, they are not directly applicable to process reactors in which the deliberate reaction of materials with oxygen is sought, as in burners, bleachers, or bubblers. Other ASTM Committees and products (such as the CHETAH program5 ) and other outside groups are more pertinent for these.
This guide is not intended as a specification to establish practices for the safe use of oxygen. The documents discussed here do not purport to contain all the information needed to design and operate an oxygen system safely. The control of oxygen hazards has not been reduced to handbook procedures, and the tactics for using oxygen are not unique. Rather, they require the application of sound technical judgement and experience. Oxygen users should obtain qualified technical expertise to design systems and operating practices to ensure the safe use of oxygen in their specific applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers an overview of the work of ASTM Committee G-4 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres. It is a starting point for those asking the question: "Are there any problems associated with my use of oxygen?" An introduction to the unique concerns that must be addressed in the handling of oxygen. The principal hazard is the prospect of ignition with resultant fire, explosion, or both. This hazard requires design considerations beyond those that apply to all systems, such as adequate strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, and pressure safety relief.
1.2 This guide also lists several of the recognized causes of oxygen system fires and describes the methods available to prevent them. Sources of information about the oxygen hazard and its control are listed and summarized. The principal focus is on Guides G 63, G 88, Practice G 93, and Guide G 94. Useful documentation from other resources and literature is also cited.
Note 1—This guide is an outgrowth of an earlier (1988) Committee G-4 videotape adjunct entitled Oxygen Safetyand a related paper by Koch that focused on the recognized ignition source of adiabatic compression as one of the more significant but often overlooked causes of oxygen fires. This guide recapitulates and updates material in the videotape and paper.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Sections 8 and 11.
Note 2—ASTM takes no position respecting the validity of any evaluation methods asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this guide. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such evaluation methods and data and the risk of use of such evaluation methods and data are entirely their own responsibility.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-2002
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• ICS: 19.040 - Environmental testing
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.02 - Recommended Practices

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM G128-02 - Standard Guide for Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen Enriched Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM G128-02(2008) - Standard Guide for Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen Enriched Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2008
• Referred By: ASTM G74-13(2021) - Standard Test Method for Ignition Sensitivity of Nonmetallic Materials and Components by Gaseous Fluid Impact
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM G94-22 - Standard Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2838-17 - Standard Practice for Accelerated Laboratory Aging of Radial Passenger Car and Light Truck Tires through Load Range E for the Laboratory Generation of Belt Separation
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM G88-21 - Standard Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM G126-16(2023) - Standard Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM G125-00(2023) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Liquid and Solid Material Fire Limits in Gaseous Oxidants
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM G175-13(2021) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Ignition Sensitivity and Fault Tolerance of Oxygen Pressure Regulators Used for Medical and Emergency Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002
• Referred By: ASTM G145-08(2023) - Standard Guide for Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation:G128–02
Standard Guide for
1
Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen Enriched Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G128; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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´ NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in May 2003.
NOTE 2—ASTM takes no position respecting the validity of any
1. Scope
evaluationmethodsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemmentionedinthis
1.1 This guide covers an overview of the work of ASTM
guide. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the
Committee G-4 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials
validity of any such evaluation methods and data and the risk of use of
in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres. It is a starting point for
such evaluation methods and data are entirely their own responsibility.
those asking the question: “Are there any problems associated
2. Referenced Documents
with my use of oxygen?” An introduction to the unique
concernsthatmustbeaddressedinthehandlingofoxygen.The 2.1 ASTM Standards:
principal hazard is the prospect of ignition with resultant fire,
G63 Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxy-
3
explosion, or both. This hazard requires design considerations gen Service
3
beyond those that apply to all systems, such as adequate
G88 Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, and pressure G93 PracticeforCleaningMethodsandCleanlinessLevels
safety relief.
for Material and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched
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1.2 This guide also lists several of the recognized causes of Environments
3
oxygen system fires and describes the methods available to
G94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
prevent them. Sources of information about the oxygen hazard G125 Test Method for Measuring Liquid and Solid Mate-
3
and its control are listed and summarized. The principal focus
rial Fire Limits in Gaseous Oxidants
is on Guides G63, G88, Practice G93, and Guide G94. G126 Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sen-
3
Useful documentation from other resources and literature is
sitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
also cited. G145 Guide for Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Sys-
3
tems
NOTE 1—This guide is an outgrowth of an earlier (1988) Committee
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
G-4 videotape adjunct entitled Oxygen Safety and a related paper by
4
2
Video: Oxygen Safety
Koch that focused on the recognized ignition source of adiabatic
compressionasoneofthemoresignificantbutoftenoverlookedcausesof 2.3 ASTM CHETAH Program:
oxygen fires. This guide recapitulates and updates material in the
CHETAH Chemical Thermodynamic and Energy Release
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videotape and paper.
Evaluation
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2.4 Compressed Gas Association (CGA) Standards:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the G-4.1 Cleaning Equipment for Oxygen Service
G-4.4 Industrial Practices for Gaseous Oxygen Transmis-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- sion and Distribution Piping Systems
2.5 European Industrial Gas Association (EIGA) Stan-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
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precautionary statements see Sections 8 and 11. dards:
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.
1 4
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee G4 on Compatibility Oxygen Safety, adjunct is available from ASTM Customer Service, 100 Barr
and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen- Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. Request ADJG0088.
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responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices. Available from ASTM Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Consho-
Current edition approved June 11, 2003. Published June 2002. Originally hocken, PA 19428, Order # DSC 51C, Version 7.2.
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published as G128–95. Last previous version G128–95. Available from Compressed Gas Association, 4221 Walney Road, 5th Floor,
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Koch, U. H., “Oxygen System Safety,” Flammability and Sensitivity of Chantilly, VA 20151.
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Materials In Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres,Vol6,ASTMSTP1197,ASTM,1993, AvailablefromEuropeanIndustrialGasAssociation,PublicationdelaSoudure
pp. 349–359. Autogene, 32 Boulevard de la Chapelle, 75880 Paris Cedex 18, France.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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G128–02
33/97/E Cleaning of Equipment for Oxygen Service or experience, know how to apply the ph
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