CEN/TS 14818:2004
(Main)Enterprise integration - Decisional reference model
Enterprise integration - Decisional reference model
This document gives guidelines for enterprise integration by using concepts and rules for modelling enterprise-wide decision-making structures, focusing on the production of management and control systems.
This document does not deal with standard decision processes, or how each individual decision is taken, but defines an integrated decision-making structure within which decisions are consistently made system-wide.
Unternehmensintegration - Referenz Model zur Entscheidungsunterstützung
Enterprise intégrée - Modèle décisionnel de référence
Ce document donne des directives pour l'intégration d'entreprise en utilisant des concepts et des règles pour modéliser les structures de prise de décision de l'entreprise, et en se concentrant sur les systèmes de gestion et de conduite de la production.
Ce document ne traite pas des processus de décision standard ou comment chaque décision individuelle est prise, mais définit une structure intégrée de prise de décision dans laquelle les décisions sont prises de façon cohérente à travers l'ensemble du système
Integracija podjetij – Referenčni model za odločanje
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2005
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Enterprise integration - Decisional reference model
Unternehmensintegration - Referenz Model zur Entscheidungsunterstützung
Enterprise intégrée - Modele décisionnel de référence
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 14818:2004
ICS:
03.100.01 Organizacija in vodenje Company organization and
podjetja na splošno management in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 14818
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
August 2004
ICS 03.100.01
English version
Enterprise integration - Decisional reference model
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 9 March 2004 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 14818:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Abbreviated terms .8
5 The decisional reference model.8
5.1 Overview.8
5.2 Model concepts.9
5.2.1 Decision-making .9
5.2.2 Functional and time categories of decision-making.9
5.2.3 Decision horizon and period .10
5.2.4 Decision level.11
5.2.5 Decision centre .11
5.2.6 Decision frame .11
5.2.7 Performance indicator.12
5.3 Model formalism .13
5.4 Model rules .13
5.5 Grid representation of the decisional reference model.14
6 Conformance.17
Annex A (informative) Guideto using the decisional model .18
A.1 General.18
A.1.1 Participants .18
A.1.2 Approach .18
A.2 Build the model of an existing system .18
A.2.1 General.18
A.2.2 Example — Determination of a long-term production plan for the two years to come (H = 2
years) .20
A.3 Designing a new decisional model of a future system.21
Annex B (informative) Case study — Industrial butterfly floodgates .22
Annex C (informative) Theoretical background .25
C.1 General.25
C.1.1 Arguments from Systems and Control Theory.25
C.1.2 Specific concepts from System Theory .26
Bibliography .27
Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 14818:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 310, “Advanced
manufacturing technologies”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
During its preparation, contributions have also been received from ISO/TC 184/SC5, “Industrial automation
systems and integration/Architecture, communications and integration frameworks”, ISO/TC 184/SC 5 –
IEC/SC 65 A /JWG15, “Enterprise control-system integration”, and the IFAC/IFIP Task Force on Enterprise
Integration.
The concepts, rules and model defined in this document are an implementation of the requirements defined in
ISO 15704. It also constitutes an input for the work on enterprise control system integration being undertaken
by ISO/TC 184/SC 5 – IEC/SC 65 A /JWG15.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
copyrights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such copyrights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
and United Kingdom.
Introduction
This document defines the generic concepts and rules in terms of a decisional reference model that are
needed to enable the creation of a particular enterprise decisional model for industrial business and to provide
support for the use of the reference model by industrial enterprises to achieve better enterprise integration.
Enterprise integration can be achieved in various manners and at various levels. It can be obtained by:
a) data (data modelling), in ISO 10303 (STEP) and ISO 15531 (MANDATE);
b) organization (modelling of systems, processes, etc.), as in prEN ISO 19439 (former ENV 40003), prEN ISO
19440 [1] (former ENV 12204);
c) communication (modelling of networks), as in the OSI seven-layer model.
This document addresses the integration as being dealt with by consistent and integrated enterprise-wide
decision-making [2] [3]. The approach is based on and contains selected elements from the GRAI decisional
model.
It is not the intention of this document to suggest users should abandon their own method of handling
decision-making, but to define the set of decisions that are necessary to control production and provide a
structured decision-making environment leading to a better coordination and synchronization of these
decisions.
This document aims at supporting the development of Decisional Hierarchy Model defined in ISO/IEC 62264 –
Enterprise-Control System Integration. It contains definitions and descriptions of the common concepts, rules
and principles necessary to model enterprise-wide decision-making structure, focusing on the production
management and control system. The decisional model defined in this document is a reference model which
is consistent and complementary to: prEN ISO 19439 (revision of ENV 40003), Framework for enterprise
modelling, prEN ISO 19440 (revision of ENV 12204) [1], Language constructs for enterprise modelling, and
ISO 15704, Requirements for enterprise reference architecture and methodologies.
1 Scope
This document gives guidelines for enterprise integration by using concepts and rules for modelling
enterprise-wide decision-making structures, focusing on the production of management and control systems.
This document does not deal with standard decision processes, or how each individual decision is taken, but
defines an integrated decision-making structure within which decisions are consistently made system-wide.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
1)
prEN ISO 19439 Enterprise integration - Framework for enterprise modelling - Specification (ISO/FDIS
19439:2004).
ISO 10303-1:1994, Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and
exchange — Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles.
ISO 15531-1, Industrial automation systems and integration — Industrial manufacturing management data —
Part 1: General overview.
ISO 15704:2000, Industrial automation systems — Requirements for enterprise-reference architectures and
methodologies.
IEC 62264–1:2003, Enterprise-control system integration — Part 1 : Models and terminology.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. Some of the terms defined in
ISO 15704:2000, ISO 15531-1:2000, and prEN ISO 19439:2003 are repeated below for convenience.
NOTE Definitions copied verbatim from other standards are followed by a reference to the source standard in
brackets. Definitions that have been adapted from other standards are followed by an explanatory note.
3.1
activity
part (or all) of functionality that transforms an input to an output using allocated resource(s)
NOTE Adapted from ISO 15704:2000.
3.2
activity cycle
total elapsed time to complete an activity
3.3
decision
result of choosing between different courses of action
[prEN ISO 19439]
1)
To be published
3.4
decisional activity
activity aimed at making choice
3.5
decision constraint
limitations on values of decision variables
3.6
decision level
set of decisional activities having the same horizon and period
3.7
decision objective
piece of information indicating which types of performances are targeted
NOTE These performances may be the production costs, the delivery lead-time, the level of quality, etc. Objectives
are needed everywhere a decision is made. Global objectives refer to the entire production system and, according to the
1)
principle of coordination are consistently detailed to give local objectives to all decision centres .
3.8
decision variable
item that a decision-maker acts on to make its decisions in order to reach its objectives
1)
Whether the local objectives are actually derived from global objectives or the global objective is derived from local
objectives by way of some form of aggregation or generalization is immaterial; as long as the global objective is valid
...
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