prEN ISO 22739
(Main)Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies - Vocabulary (ISO 22739:2024)
Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies - Vocabulary (ISO 22739:2024)
This document provides fundamental terminology for blockchain and distributed ledger technologies.
Blockchain und Technologien für verteilte elektronische Journale - Begriffe (ISO 22739:2024)
Chaîne de blocs et technologies de registres distribués - Vocabulaire (ISO 22739:2024)
Tehnologije veriženja blokov in porazdeljene glavne knjige - Slovar (ISO 22739:2024)
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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2025
Tehnologije veriženja blokov in porazdeljene glavne knjige - Slovar (ISO
22739:2024)
Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies - Vocabulary (ISO 22739:2024)
Blockchain und Technologien für verteilte elektronische Journale - Begriffe (ISO
22739:2024)
Chaîne de blocs et technologies de registres distribués - Vocabulaire (ISO 22739:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 22739
ICS:
01.040.35 Informacijska tehnologija. Information technology
(Slovarji) (Vocabularies)
35.030 Informacijska varnost IT Security
35.040.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi s Other standards related to
kodiranjem informacij information coding
35.240.40 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in banking
bančništvu
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
International
Standard
ISO 22739
Second edition
Blockchain and distributed ledger
2024-01
technologies — Vocabulary
Chaîne de blocs et technologies de registres distribués —
Vocabulaire
Reference number
ISO 22739:2024(en) © ISO 2024
ISO 22739:2024(en)
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 22739:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Bibliography .12
Index .13
iii
ISO 22739:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
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in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 307, Blockchain and distributed ledger
technologies.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 22739:2020), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— inclusion of new terms and definitions.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
ISO 22739:2024(en)
Introduction
This document defines terms relating to blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) to clarify the
meaning of terms and concepts used in other documents within the domain of ISO/TC 307.
Clear, consistent and coherent standards require clear, consistent and coherent terminology. This document
follows the rules and guidelines set by ISO/TC 37, Language and terminology, for terminology standards.
This document applies to all types of organizations (e.g. commercial enterprises, government agencies and
non-profits). The target audience includes but is not limited to academics, solution architects, customers,
users, tool developers, regulators, auditors and standards development organizations.
v
International Standard ISO 22739:2024(en)
Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines fundamental terminology for blockchain and distributed ledger technologies.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www. iso. org/o bp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www.e lectropedia. org/
3.1
asset
anything that has value to a stakeholder
[SOURCE: ISO 19299:2020, 3.1, modified — The Note to entry has been removed.]
3.2
block
structured data comprising a block header (3.4) and block data (3.3)
3.3
block data
structured data comprising zero or more transaction records (3.95) or references to transaction records
3.4
block header
structured data that includes a hash link (3.47) to the previous block (3.2), if present
Note 1 to entry: A block header can also contain a timestamp (3.91), a nonce (3.62), and other distributed ledger
technology (DLT) platform (3.33) specific data, including a hash value (3.48) of corresponding transaction records
(3.95).
3.5
block reward
reward given to miners (3.59) or validators (3.99) after a block (3.2) is confirmed (3.9) in a blockchain system
(3.7)
Note 1 to entry: A reward can be in the form of a cryptoasset (3.14).
3.6
blockchain
distributed ledger (3.23) with confirmed blocks (3.10) organized in an append-only, sequential chain using
hash links (3.47)
ISO 22739:2024(en)
3.7
blockchain system
system that implements a blockchain (3.6)
Note 1 to entry: A blockchain system is a type of distributed ledger technology (DLT) system (3.35).
3.8
blockchain technology
technology that enables the operation and use of blockchains (3.6)
3.9
confirmed
accepted by consensus (3.12) to be recorded in a distributed ledger (3.23)
3.10
confirmed block
block (3.2) that has been confirmed (3.9)
3.11
confirmed transaction
transaction (3.93) that has been confirmed (3.9)
3.12
consensus
agreement among distributed ledger technology (DLT) nodes (3.31) that:
— a transaction (3.93) is validated (3.97);
— the distributed ledger (3.23) contains a consistent set and ordering of records of validated transactions
Note 1 to entry: Consensus does not necessarily mean that all DLT nodes agree.
Note 2 to entry: The details regarding consensus differ among DLT systems (3.35) and this can be a distinguishing
characteristic between one DLT system and another.
3.13
consensus mechanism
set of rules and procedures by which consensus (3.12) is reached
Note 1 to entry: These rules and procedures are interrelated.
3.14
cryptoasset
crypto-asset
digital asset (3.21) implemented using cryptographic techniques
Note 1 to entry: distributed ledger technology (DLT) systems (3.35) can be used to manage or transfer cryptoassets.
3.15
cryptocurrency
cryptoasset (3.14) designed to work as a medium of payment or value exchange
Note 1 to entry: Cryptocurrency involves the use of decentralized control and cryptography (3.16) to secure
transactions (3.93), control the creation of additional assets (3.1), and verify the transfer of assets in a distributed
ledger technology (DLT) system (3.35).
3.16
cryptography
discipline that embodies the principles, means and methods for the transformation of data in order to hide
their semantic content, prevent their unauthorized use, or prevent their undetected modifications
[SOURCE: ISO 7498-2:1989, 3.3.20, modified — The Note to entry has been removed.]
ISO 22739:2024(en)
3.17
decentralized application
Dapp
application that runs on a decentralized system (3.20)
3.18
decentralized identifier
DID
identifier (3.49) that is issued or managed in a decentralized system (3.20) and designed to be unique within
a context
Note 1 to entry: Decentralized identifiers are used in systems that do not rely on central registration authorities.
3.19
decentralized identity
identity (3.50) that is managed in a decentralized system (3.20)
3.20
decentralized system
distributed system (3.24) wherein control is distributed among the persons or organizations participating in
the operation of the system
Note 1 to entry: In a decentralized system, the distribution of control among persons or organizations participating in
the system is determined by the system’s design.
3.21
digital asset
asset (3.1) that exists only in digital form or that is the digital representation of another asset
3.22
digital signature
data which, when appended to data to be signed, enable the user of the data to authenticate their origin and
integrity
[SOURCE: ISO 14641:2018, 3.17, modified — “digital document” has been replaced with “data to be signed”.]
3.23
distributed ledger
ledger (3.54) that is shared across a set of distributed ledger technology (DLT) nodes (3.31) and synchronized
between the DLT nodes using a consensus mechanism (3.13)
Note 1 to entry: A distributed ledger is designed to be immutable (3.51), tamper-resistant, tamper-evident and append-
only, containing final and definitive ledger records (3.55) of confirmed (3.9) and validated (3.97) transactions (3.93).
3.24
distributed system
system in which components located on networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions by
interacting with each other
3.25
DLT
distributed ledger technology
technology that enables the operation and use of distributed ledgers (3.23)
3.26
DLT account
distributed ledger technology account
representation of an entity (3.38) participating in a transaction (3.93) in a DLT system (3.35)
ISO 22739:2024(en)
3.27
DLT address
distributed ledger technology address
data element designating the originating source or destination of a transaction (3.93)
3.28
DLT bridge
distributed ledger technology bridge
DLT oracle (3.32) that enables interoperability (3.52) between a DLT system (3.35) and other systems that
implement ledgers (3.54)
Note 1 to entry: The other systems can also be DLT systems.
3.29
DLT governance
distributed ledger technology governance
system for directing and controlling a DLT system (3.35) including the distribution of on-ledger (3.68) and
off-ledger (3.66) decision rights, incentives, responsibilities and accountabilities
3.30
DLT network
distributed ledger technology network
network of DLT nodes (3.31) which make up a DLT system (3.35)
3.31
DLT node
distributed ledger technology node
device or process that participates in a network and stores a complete or partial replica of the ledger records
(3.55)
3.32
DLT oracle
distributed ledger technology oracle
service that updates a distributed ledger (3.23) using data from outside of a DLT system (3.35)
Note 1 to entry: DLT oracles can be used by smart contracts (3.88) to access data from sources external to the DLT
system.
3.33
DLT platform
distributed ledger technology platfor
...
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