CEN/TS 17198:2018

Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission Monitoring Systems (PEMS) - Applicability, execution and quality assurance

This Technical Specification gives requirements for the certification of PEMS software and for the performance and quality assurance for a PEMS to prove suitability for its measuring task and to ensure that the PEMS continues to perform within the specified performance during operation of the PEMS.

Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Systeme zur Bestimmung von Emissionen mittels kontinuierlich überwachter Prozessparameter (PEMS) - Eignung, Anwendung und Qualitätssicherung

Diese Technische Spezifikation enthält Anforderungen an die Zertifizierung von PEMS-Software und an die Leistungsfähigkeit und Qualitätssicherung eines PEMS, um die Eignung für die Messaufgabe nachzuweisen und sicherzustellen, dass das PEMS im Betrieb dauerhaft mit der spezifizierten Leistungsfähigkeit arbeitet.

Émission des sources fixes - Systèmes prédictifs de suivi des émissions atmosphériques - Applicabilité, mise en oeuvre et assurance qualité

Emisije nepremičnih virov - Sistemi prediktivnega monitoringa emisij (PEMS) - Uporabnost, izvedba in zagotavljanje kakovosti

Ta tehnična specifikacija določa zahteve za certificiranje programske opreme PEMS ter za zagotavljanje zmogljivosti in kakovosti opreme PEMS za prikaz ustreznosti za njeno meritveno opravilo ter zagotavljanje tega, da PEMS pri izvajanju še naprej deluje v okviru določene zmogljivosti.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Aug-2018
• ICS: 13.040.99 - Other standards related to air quality
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 264 - Air quality
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 264/WG 37 - Predictive Emission Monitoring systems
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 18-Sep-2025
• Completion Date: 23-Sep-2025
• Directive: 96/61/EC - Council Directive 96/61/EC of 24 September 1996 concerning integrated pollution prevention and control
• Ref Project: SIST-TS CEN/TS 17198:2018 - Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission Monitoring Systems (PEMS) - Applicability, execution and quality assurance

Overview

CEN/TS 17198:2018 provides a Technical Specification for Predictive Emission Monitoring Systems (PEMS) used to monitor stationary source emissions. It defines requirements for the certification of PEMS software, and the performance, quality assurance and maintenance measures needed to demonstrate that a PEMS is suitable for its measuring task and continues to operate within specified performance limits during deployment. The document was approved by CEN in 2018 for provisional application and is intended to support alternative or backup emission monitoring where Continuous Automated Measuring Systems (AMS) are not used.

Key topics and requirements

• PEMS certification: Requirements for certifying PEMS software, including links to existing frameworks such as EN 15267-1 and EN 15267-2.
• Performance criteria: Laboratory and field testing procedures to assess PEMS accuracy, uncertainty and operating envelope.
• Model integrity: Rules and checks for the emissions model (empirical, relational or nonlinear statistical models) used to predict emissions from process parameters.
• Sensor validation: Procedures for validating input sensors, maintaining sensor performance, and handling reconciled data used for modeling.
• Uncertainty and applicability: Methods to determine PEMS uncertainty, applicability limits and the plant-specific operating envelope.
• Quality assurance (QAL): Defined QA levels and activities including QAL1, QAL2, QAL3 and Annual Surveillance Test (AST) to ensure ongoing compliance and reliability.
• Documentation & reporting: Minimum documentation for installation description, applicability, model details, QA records and maintenance logs.
• Maintenance and surveillance: Routine and incidental maintenance procedures, reporting requirements, and example reporting (annexes include example NOx PEMS report and testing guidance).

Practical applications

• Use PEMS as an alternative or backup to Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS/AMS) when direct measurement is impractical or as redundancy.
• Continuous estimation of emission concentrations (e.g., NOx, CO, particulates) by modelling the relationship between process parameters and emissions.
• Support regulatory compliance, permit monitoring, environmental reporting and plant performance optimisation where certified PEMS are accepted.
• Provide structured QA and testing approaches for vendors developing PEMS software and for operators deploying PEMS at industrial installations.

Who should use this standard

• Environmental compliance managers and plant operators implementing emission monitoring.
• Instrument manufacturers and PEMS software developers seeking certification and market acceptance.
• Environmental consultants, testing laboratories and regulators assessing PEMS suitability and performance.

Related standards

• EN 15267-1 and EN 15267-2 (referenced in CEN/TS 17198 for certification framework and performance evaluation).

CEN/TS 17198:2018 is a practical reference for ensuring PEMS deliver reliable, defensible emission estimates through certified software, robust QA and documented maintenance practices.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2018
(PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY6LVWHPLSUHGLNWLYQHJDPRQLWRULQJDHPLVLM3(06
8SRUDEQRVWL]YHGEDLQ]DJRWDYOMDQMHNDNRYRVWL
Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission Monitoring Systems (PEMS) -
Applicability, execution and quality assurance
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Vorhersagende Systeme für die Überwachung der
Emissionen (PEMS) - Eignung, Anwendung und Qualitätssicherung
Systèmes prédictifs de suivi des émissions atmosphériques - Applicabilité, mise en
oeuvre et assurance qualité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 17198:2018
ICS:
13.040.40 (PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY Stationary source emissions
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

CEN/TS 17198
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
August 2018
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 13.040.99
English Version
Stationary source emissions - Predictive Emission
Monitoring Systems (PEMS) - Applicability, execution and
quality assurance
Émission des sources fixes - Systèmes prédictifs de Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Systeme zur
suivi des émissions atmosphériques - Applicabilité, Bestimmung von Emissionen mittels kontinuierlich
mise en oeuvre et assurance qualité überwachter Prozessparameter (PEMS) - Eignung,
Anwendung und Qualitätssicherung
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 16 March 2018 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 17198:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 10
4.1 Symbols . 10
4.2 Abbreviations . 11
5 Certification requirements for PEMS software . 12
5.1 General . 12
5.2 Relation to EN 15267-1 . 12
5.3 Relation to EN 15267-2 . 13
5.4 Certification of PEMS software – performance criteria and test procedures . 13
5.4.1 Introduction . 13
5.4.2 General requirements . 14
5.4.3 Laboratory testing . 15
5.4.4 Field testing . 17
6 Performance requirements for a PEMS . 21
6.1 General . 21
6.2 Applicability of PEMS . 21
6.3 PEMS performance . 21
6.3.1 PEMS building data . 21
6.3.2 PEMS operating envelope . 22
6.3.3 Uncertainty of PEMS . 22
6.4 Sensor validation . 27
6.4.1 General . 27
6.4.2 Sensor maintenance procedures . 27
6.4.3 Sensor validation procedures . 27
6.4.4 Sensor validation input parameters . 28
6.4.5 Sensor validation output frequency . 28
6.4.6 Sensor validation uncertainty . 28
6.4.7 Use of reconciled data generated by the sensor validation system . 28
6.5 Emission model integrity . 28
6.6 PEMS documentation . 29
6.6.1 General . 29
6.6.2 Description of the installation and plant . 29
6.6.3 Description of PEMS applicability . 29
6.6.4 Description of the PEMS . 29
6.6.5 Description of the quality assurance system . 29
6.6.6 Description of the PEMS maintenance . 29
7 Quality assurance requirements for a PEMS . 30
7.1 General . 30
7.2 QAL1 . 30
7.3 QAL2 . 30
7.3.1 Functional test . 30
7.3.2 Validation . 31
7.3.3 Initial validation . 31
7.3.4 Initial check . 32
7.3.5 Collection of data for model building and initial validation in one period . 32
7.4 QAL3, regular checking of the PEMS . 32
7.5 Annual surveillance test . 32
7.5.1 General . 32
7.5.2 Validity and variability test. 32
7.6 Reporting on quality assurance. 33
8 Maintenance of a PEMS . 33
8.1 Routine PEMS checks . 33
8.2 Incidental PEMS maintenance . 33
8.3 Documentation of maintenance . 34
Annex A (informative) Example of a PEMS report for a NO PEMS for a steam boiler . 35
x
A.1 Summary . 35
A.2 Description of the installation and plant . 36
A.3 Description of the PEMS applicability . 37
A.4 Description of the PEMS . 38
A.4.1 PEMS type . 38
A.4.2 PEMS data . 39
A.4.3 PEMS Input Sensors . 40
A.4.4 PEMS operating envelope . 41
A.4.5 PEMS prediction cycle . 41
A.4.6 PEMS trend plot . 41
A.4.7 PEMS predicted versus actual plot . 42
A.4.8 PEMS uncertainty . 43
A.4.9 PEMS sensor validation system . 45
A.4.10 PEMS emission model integrity test . 47
A.4.11 PEMS location and system description . 48
A.5 PEMS quality assurance . 48
A.5.1 PEMS software certificate . 48
A.5.2 QAL1 . 48
A.5.3 QAL2 . 48
A.5.4 QAL3 . 48
A.5.5 AST . 48
A.6 PEMS maintenance . 49
A.6.1 Regular maintenance . 49
A.6.2 Incidental maintenance . 49
A.7 References . 49
Annex B (informative) Testing PEMS uncertainty when using reconciled data . 50
Annex C (informative) Flow chart of quality assurance requirements . 51
C.1 QAL1 . 51
C.2 QAL2 . 52
C.3 AST . 53
C.4 QAL3 . 54
Bibliography . 55

European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 17198:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air
quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
Predictive emission monitoring systems (PEMS) are used for continuous monitoring of emissions at
stationary sources as an alternative and/or backup for automated measuring systems (AMS). PEMS
define the relationship between a number of characteristic process parameters of an emission source and
the corresponding emission concentration. If the characteristic process parameters are continuously
monitored it is possible with a PEMS to continuously determine the emission concentration of the
emission source.
PEMS are deduced using process data and, where required, emission data from the emission source.
Using these data the PEMS is modelled. PEMS contains an emissions model and a sensor validation system
for quality assurance of incoming process data.
PEMS are plant-specific emission monitoring systems and vary as regards to methodology and design:
— relational models (emission concentration as a function of one or more process parameters):
theoretical or empirical relations that are fitted to a plant-specific emission data set;
— nonlinear statistical models, e.g. neural network models, or other multiple regression techniques.
Where a component or process is specifically stated, the reference is provided as an example.
The range of application of PEMS is limited to plants with well-defined fuels and operating conditions,
using inherent emission control systems. If multiple fuels are used all fuel variations are reflected in the
emission model. Using inherent emission control systems means not having a downstream emission
abatement system.
PEMS is illustrated in Figure 1. It consists of:
— PEMS software, which is certified according to an EN 15267 procedure, with the exceptions stated in
this Technical Specification;
— PEMS emissions model, which is documented by a QAL1 and validated by a QAL2 procedure
according to EN 14181, with the exceptions stated in this Technical Specification;
— PEMS sensor validation system, which is documented by a QAL1 and validated by a QAL2 procedure
according to EN 14181, with the exceptions stated in this Technical Specification.

Figure 1 — Predictive emission monitoring system
PEMS software used for building, operating and quality assuring PEMS is illustrated in Figure 2.

Figure 2 — PEMS software
This Technical Specification does not provide requirements for PEMS hardware. If the PEMS requires
specific hardware, relevant standards for certification of PEMS hardware are used.
1 Scope
This Technical Specification gives requirements for the certification of PEMS software and for the
performance and quality assurance for a PEMS to prove suitability for its measuring task and to ensure
that the PEMS continues to perform within the specified performance during operation of the PEMS.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14181, Stationary source emissions - Quality assurance of automated measuring systems
EN 15267-1:2009, Air quality - Certification of automated measuring systems - Part 1: General principles
EN 15267-2:2009, Air quality - Certification of automated measuring systems - Part 2: Initial assessment of
the AMS manufacturer’s quality management system and post certification surveillance for the
manufacturing process
EN 15267-3, Air quality - Certification of automated measuring systems - Part 3: Performance criteria and
test procedures for automated measuring systems for monitoring emissions from stationary sources
CEN/TS 15675, Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions - Application of EN ISO/IEC
17025:2005 to periodic measurements
EN ISO 14956, Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with a
required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956)
EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
(ISO/IEC 17025)
VDI 4201 Part 1:2010, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — General requirements
VDI 4201 Part 2:2014, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — Specific requirements for Profibus
VDI 4201 Part 3:2012, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — Specific requirements for Modbus
VDI 4201 Part 4:2012, Performance criteria on automated measuring and electronic data evaluation
systems for monitoring emissions — Digital interface — Specific requirements for OPC
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
automated measuring system
AMS
measuring system permanently installed on site for continuous monitoring of emissions or measurement
of peripheral parameters
Note 1 to entry: An AMS is a method which is traceable to a reference method.
Note 2 to entry: Apart from the analyser, an AMS includes facilities for taking samples (e.g. sample probe, sample
gas lines, flow meters, regulators, delivery pumps) and for sample conditioning (e.g. dust filter, water vapour
removal devices, converters, diluters). This definition also includes testing and adjusting devices that are used for
regular functional checks.
3.2
certification
confirmation of certain characteristics of an object provided by some form of external review or audit
3.3
certification body
body operating a product certification system or body accredited to the EN ISO/IEC 17021 series for the
certification of quality management systems
3.4
emission model
model describing the relation between process parameters (input sensors) and predicted emissions for
a specific plant using the PEMS software
3.5
emission model integrity test
test procedure detailed in 6.5 analysing the integrity of the emission model
3.6
Predictive Emission Monitoring System
PEMS
continuous emission determination system for a plant by using relationships and/or models of the
emission with corresponding continuously available process parameters (input parameters)
3.7
PEMS input sensor
process parameter used as an input for the PEMS
3.8
PEMS manufacturer
manufacturer of plant specific PEMS, using PEMS software
3.9
PEMS operating envelope
defined range of PEMS inputs for which an emission model is established during PEMS building
Note 1 to entry: Operating envelope reflects all plant operating conditions and external influences incorporated
in the PEMS. Emission data generated from parameter inputs that are beyond the operating envelope are not
considered quality-ensured.
3.10
PEMS reproducibility
measure of the agreement between two PEMS designed using two time-distinctive data sets, both
covering the intended operating envelope of the PEMS, (as far as reasonably possible), applied in parallel
in field tests at a level of confidence of 95 % using the standard deviation of the difference of the paired
measurements
Note 1 to entry: The reproducibility is calculated from the half hour averaged output signals (raw values) during
the six-month field test.
3.11
PEMS software
software used for building, operating and quality assuring PEMS, certifiable according to this Technical
Specification, including manuals describing procedures for designing, testing, operating and maintaining
emission models and sensor validation models
3.12
predicted versus actual
systematic deviation between the values predicted by the emission model, based on the data used to build
the PEMS, and the measured emission values included in the same data
3.13
prediction cycle
time period between two consecutive PEMS outputs
3.14
process parameter
physical variable of the (combustion) process in the plant
Note 1 to entry: For example temperature, fuel throughput, air throughput.
3.15
quality assurance
determination and control of the quality of the PEMS
3.16
reconciled data
substitute data from an alternative sensor or data generated by the sensor validation system
3.17
sensor validation model
model describing the relation between process parameters (inputs for the sensor validation system) and
a PEMS input sensor for a specific plant
3.18
sensor validation system
quality assurance system for indicating defective and drifting PEMS input sensors for a specific plant
using the PEMS software
Note 1 to entry: Sensor validation systems can incorporate systems for generating reconciled data.
3.19
validation of a PEMS
QAL2 procedure following EN 14181 with the exceptions of this Technical Specification
3.20
validation range
range over which the PEMS has been validated under the QAL2 procedure
4 Symbols and abbreviations
4.1 Symbols
c concentration range of the PEMS
PEMS
C (i) th
m concentration measured in the field of the i value pair
C (i) th
p the concentration predicted by the PEMS of the i value pair
n number of data pairs
s standard deviation
u is the standard uncertainty of the calculated sensor
c
u standard uncertainty of the instrument
i
u standard uncertainty of instrument 1
i(1)
u standard uncertainty of instrument 2
i(2)
u standard uncertainty due to deviations in the PEMS input sensors
input
u standard uncertainty of the emission model
model
u standard uncertainty of the normalized sensor
n
u standard uncertainty due to parameters not included in the PEMS
other
u standard uncertainty of the PEMS
PEMS
U relative expanded uncertainty of the PEMS
PEMS
u standard uncertainty related to the pressure and temperature normalization
P/T
u standard uncertainty of sensor 1
(1)
u standard uncertainty of sensor 2
(2)
x input value of the calibration function
X actual measured value
y output value of the calibration function
Y predicted value
Δ deviation between the emission concentration measured in the field and the concentration
i
th
predicted by the PEMS of the i value pair
Δ mean of the relative deviations
m
deviation of the calculated sensor due to a deviation of instrument 1
δ
c
δ
i1
( )
deviation of the calculated sensor due to a deviation of instrument 2
δ
c
δ
i 2
( )
deviation of the PEMS due to a deviation of sensor 1
δ
PEMS
δ
( )
deviation of the PEMS due to a deviation of sensor 2
δ
PEMS
δ
( )
4.2 Abbreviations
AMS automated measuring system
AST annual surveillance test
DAHS data acquisition and handling system
ELV emission limit value
MIT emission model integrity test
PEMS predictive emission monitoring system
PIS PEMS input sensor
QAL quality assurance level
QAL1 first quality assurance level
QAL2 second quality assurance level
QAL3 third quality assurance level
SRM standard reference method
SV sensor validation
5 Certification requirements for PEMS software
5.1 General
The certification requirements will come in force upon completion of a validation project for the
certification of PEMS software and the availability of the certification service for PEMS software on the
market.
PEMS software, including procedures for designing, operating and maintaining emission models and
sensor validation models shall be certified in accordance with the provisions of the EN 15267 series of
standards with the following deviations:
— where “AMS” is mentioned, it shall be substituted with “PEMS software”;
— where “manufacturing of AMS” is mentioned, it shall be understood as writing internal testing and
validation of the PEMS software;
— EN 15267-1 is applicable with the deviations given in 5.2 of this Technical Specification;
— EN 15267-2 is applicable with the deviations given in 5.3 of this Technical Specification;
— EN 15267-3 is not applicable and shall be substituted by the requirements given in 5.4 of this
Technical Specification.
The PEMS manufacturer (i.e. user of the PEMS software for developing plant specific PEMS) shall be
certified in accordance with the provisions of EN 15267-2 with the following deviations:
— where ‘AMS’ is mentioned it shall be substituted by ‘PEMS’;
— where ‘AMS certificate’ is mentioned it shall be substituted by ‘PEMS software certificate’;
— EN 15267-2:2009, 3.1 (AMS definition) shall be replaced by the PEMS software definition in this
Technical Specification;
— EN 15267-2:2009, 3.12, NOTE 2 shall be deleted;
— EN 15267-2:2009, 4.2.2 line 2 shall be deleted;
— EN 15267-2:2009, 4.2.3 line 4 and 5 shall be deleted;
— EN 15267-2:2009, 9.1 last line shall be deleted.
5.2 Relation to EN 15267-1
EN 15267-1:2009, 3.1 (AMS definition) shall be replaced by the PEMS software definition in this
Technical Specification.
EN 15267-1:2009, 6.2 (reference to roles and responsibilities of the manufacturer) shall be replaced by:
The PEMS software manufacturer shall submit the PEMS software for certification to the relevant body
together with two different sample emission models, including sensor validation system. Both PEMS are
describing the emission of the industrial process used for field testing. The two emission models and
sensor validation systems are designed using two time-distinctive data sets, collected at identical plant
operating conditions (as far as reasonably possible). Both emission models shall use identical input
sensors.
5.3 Relation to EN 15267-2
EN 15267-2:2009, 3.1 (AMS definition) shall be replaced by the PEMS software definition in this
Technical Specification.
EN 15267-2:2009, 7.3 (reference to design changes) shall be replaced by:
The manufacturer shall document all changes in the PEMS software, including the influence on the PEMS
output. Changes shall be recertified according to EN 15267-2 and archived in an auditable manner for the
next EN 15267-2 audit.
If the changes in the PEMS software are implemented to a PEMS in operation, this documentation shall
also be submitted to the customer (plant where the PEMS is in operation) and to the relevant authorities,
having approved the PEMS.
If the changes in the PEMS software are implemented to a PEMS in operation, the PEMS shall be retested
in accordance with the requirements of EN 15267-2 and according to this Technical Specification by an
accredited test laboratory to ensure that the changed PEMS fulfil the requirements of quality assurance
under all relevant conditions.
5.4 Certification of PEMS software – performance criteria and test procedures
5.4.1 Introduction
5.4.1.1 General
EN 15267-3 is written for instrumental AMS and not applicable for PEMS software. Performance criteria
and test procedures for PEMS software are given in this section.
5.4.1.2 Certification stages
PEMS software certification is based on the following four sequential stages:
— performance testing of PEMS software;
— initial assessment of the PEMS software manufacturer’s quality management system;
— certification;
— post certification surveillance.
5.4.1.3 Processes
Performance testing of the PEMS software is performed using duplicate PEMS developed for an industrial
process with variable emission levels and process input. It is the responsibility of the PEMS software
manufacturer in conjunction with the PEMS manufacturer to ensure that the PEMS software performs
adequately on other processes to which it is applied.
NOTE PEMS software manufacturer and PEMS manufacturer can be different entities or one entity.
5.4.1.4 Performance
A combination of laboratory and field testing is detailed within this Technical Specification. Laboratory
testing is designed to assess whether the PEMS software can meet relevant performance criteria while
operated off-line under controlled conditions. Field testing is designed to assess whether duplicate PEMS,
built, operated and quality-ensured with the PEMS software, can continue to work and meet the relevant
performance criteria in a real application (online testing). Field testing is carried out on an industrial
process that allows testing of the performance characteristics specified below.
The main performance requirements are:
— PEMS software functionality under laboratory conditions:
— of PEMS building software;
— of PEMS operating and quality assurance software;
— PEMS software performance under field conditions:
— functionality of the PEMS;
— performance of the PEMS against the requirements of this Technical Specification;
— performance of the PEMS against a SRM;
— performance of the PEMS against an AMS;
— availability under field conditions;
— reproducibility under field conditions.
5.4.2 General requirements
5.4.2.1 Application of performance criteria
The laboratory tests are performed on one PEMS software package. The field tests are performed on at
least two PEMS, designed using two time-distinctive data sets, both covering the intended operating
envelope of the PEMS, (as far as reasonably possible). The PEMS software and each PEMS shall meet the
performance criteria specified in this document and should also meet the uncertainty requirement
specified in the applicable regulations.
5.4.2.2 Ranges and pollutants to be tested
PEMS software needs to be certified for each pollutant to be predicted.
PEMS software is not certified for a certain range or industrial process. Instead the emission model shall
be individually tested on each site within the PEMS operating envelope.
The performance criteria are linked to the relevant ELV instead of a certification range.
5.4.2.3 Manufacturing consistency and changes to PEMS design
Certification is specific to the PEMS software release that has undergone performance testing.
Subsequent design modifications that might affect the performance of the PEMS software can invalidate
the certification. Manufacturing consistency and changes to PEMS software design are described in
EN 15267-2.
5.4.2.4 Qualification of test laboratories
Test laboratories shall be accredited to EN ISO/IEC 17025 and the appropriate test standards for carrying
out the tests defined in this Technical Specification. Test laboratories shall have knowledge on the
uncertainties attributed to the individual test procedures applied during performance testing.
CEN/TS 15675 provides an elaboration of EN ISO/IEC 17025 for application to emission measurements
which shall be followed when using standard reference methods.
5.4.3 Laboratory testing
5.4.3.1 Performance criteria for laboratory testing of PEMS software
The PEMS software is often provided as a combination of “building software” (usually performed offline
for building emission models and sensor validation systems) and “operating and quality assurance
software” (online software)”. The functionality of all software components shall be tested during the
laboratory tests.
5.4.3.2 Laboratory testing functionality of PEMS building software
Table 1 specifies the performance requirements when testing the functionality of the PEMS building
software in the laboratory.
Table 1 — Laboratory test performance criteria for PEMS building software
Performance requirements Performance shall be based on
PEMS software hardware requirements PEMS software manufacturer specification
PEMS software operating system requirements PEMS software manufacturer specification
PEMS software functionality: this Technical Specification
— emission model performance testing;
— sensor validation model performance testing.
PEMS software manuals this Technical Specification;
PEMS software manufacturer specification.
The PEMS software functionality shall meet the specifications provided by the manufacturer with respect
to minimum hardware requirements and required operating system(s).
The PEMS software functionality shall meet the specifications of this Technical Specification with respect
to performance testing of emission models and sensor validation systems. Performance tests supported
by PEMS building software are actual versus predicted tests and PEMS sensor sensitivity tests.
NOTE 1 Actual versus predicted tests determine the standard deviation of the predicted values and actual values
when feeding the model with the data set used for building the model.
NOTE 2 PEMS sensor sensitivity tests determine the sensitivity of the predicted emission versus individual input
sensors of the emission model.
5.4.3.3 Laboratory testing functionality of PEMS operating and quality assurance software
Table 2 specifies the performance requirements when testing the functionality of the PEMS operating and
quality assurance software in the laboratory.
Table 2 — Laboratory test performance criteria for PEMS operating and quality assurance
software
Performance requirements Performance shall be based on:
PEMS software hardware requirements PEMS software manufacturer specification
PEMS software operating system PEMS software manufacturer specification
requirements
PEMS software data formats PEMS software manufacturer specification;
VDI 4201 conformity for interfaces with data input
and output systems, including DAHS.
PEMS software functionality: this Technical Specification;
— reading sensors; PEMS software manufacturer specification;
testing is performed using a test data set and by
— validating sensors;
artificial manipulating sensors.
— performing emission model integrity
tests;
— predicting emissions;
— displaying operating status;
— displaying sensor readings;
— displaying sensor validation
information;
— alarming invalid operating status, failing
sensors, using reconciled sensors (where
applicable), operating outside operating
envelope, failing emission model
integrity test.
PEMS software capabilities: this Technical Specification;
— hardware failure; PEMS software manufacturer specification.
— power outages;
— communication line failures.
PEMS software protection: this Technical Specification;
— unauthorized access; PEMS software manufacturer specification.
— log files on PEMS modifications.
The PEMS software functionality shall meet the specifications provided by the manufacturer with respect
to minimum hardware requirements, required operating system(s) and communication interfaces.
The specifications of the manufacturer with respect to required data formats of PEMS input and output
shall be tested. Conformity to the VDI 4201 series shall be tested for interfaces to data input and output
systems, including data acquisition and handling system (DAHS). Where appropriate, functionality of
data storage capabilities in the PEMS software shall be tested.
The PEMS software shall be capable of reading sensors, validating sensors, predicting emissions and
performing emission model integrity tests. The PEMS software shall be capable of displaying its operating
status (normal operation, maintenance, fault codes), sensor readings, sensor validation information and
PEMS predicted values. The PEMS software shall be capable of alarming for invalid operating status,
failing sensors, using reconciled sensors (where applicable), operating outside operating envelope and
failing emission model integrity test. The functionality shall be tested using a test data set and/or
artificially manipulating PEMS sensors.
The PEMS software capabilities as per manufacturer specifications with respect to hardware failure,
power outages and communication line failures shall be tested.
The PEMS software shall have a means of protection against unauthorized access to control functions.
The PEMS shall produce log files on PEMS modifications.
If hardware is provided as part of the PEMS software, hardware performance shall be tested in line with
the relevant standards.
5.4.4 Field testing
5.4.4.1 Field testing PEMS software functionality
Field testing of PEMS software is performed on at least two PEMS at a plant with an EN 14181 quality-
ensured AMS, over a minimum six month period. Data from the AMS shall be available for at least 75 %
of the field test period.
Table 3 specifies the performance requirements when testing the PEMS software functionality in the
field.
Table 3 — Field test performance criteria for PEMS functionality
Performance require
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