EN 491:2011

Concrete roofing tiles and fittings for roof covering and wall cladding - Test methods

This European Standard specifies test methods for concrete roofing tiles and fittings conforming to EN 490, for assembly into pitched roof covering or external wall cladding or internal wall lining cladding.

Dach- und Formsteine aus Beton für Dächer und Wandbekleidungen - Prüfverfahren

Diese Europäische Norm legt Prüfverfahren für Dachsteine und Formsteine aus Beton nach EN 490 zum Einbau in geneigte Dächer bzw. Außen- und Innenwandbekleidungen fest.

Tuiles et accessoires en béton pour couverture et bardage - Méthodes d'essais

La présente Norme européenne décrit les méthodes d'essai relatives aux tuiles et accessoires en béton conformes à l'EN 490 pour la réalisation de toitures en pente et de bardages extérieurs ou intérieurs.

Betonski strešniki in fazonski kosi za prekrivanje streh in oblaganje sten - Preskusne metode

Ta evropski standard določa preskusne metode za betonske strešnike in fazonske kose v skladu z EN 490 za sestavljanje v dvokapno strešno kritino ali obloge zunanjih ali notranjih sten.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Sep-2011
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Mar-2012
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 128 - Roof covering products for discontinuous laying and products for wall cladding
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 128/SC 2 - Concrete roofing tiles
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Start Date: 25-Apr-2024
• Completion Date: 14-Apr-2025
• Ref Project: SIST EN 491:2011 - Concrete roofing tiles and fittings for roof covering and wall cladding - Test methods

Relations

• Replaces: EN 491:2004/AC:2005 - Concrete roofing tiles and fittings for roof covering and wall cladding - Test methods
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2011
• Replaces: EN 491:2004 - Concrete roofing tiles and fittings for roof covering and wall cladding - Test methods
• Effective Date: 13-Nov-2010

Overview

EN 491:2011 - published by CEN - defines standardized test methods for concrete roofing tiles and fittings intended for pitched roof covering, external wall cladding and internal wall lining cladding. It applies to products that conform to EN 490 and was approved by CEN on 4 August 2011 (superseding EN 491:2004). EN 491:2011 sets the test procedures, measurement rules and reporting requirements used to verify dimensional, mechanical and durability properties of concrete roof tiles and accessories.

Key topics

The standard specifies laboratory test methods and related reporting for concrete roofing tiles and fittings. Major topics include:

• Dimensional tests
  • Hanging length and squareness (tiles hung on steel battens; angle 20°–70°)
  • Cover width (drawn‑out and closed‑up values measured over a set number of tiles)
  • Flatness measurements
• Physical properties
  • Mass and conditioning procedures for mass determination
• Mechanical performance
  • Mechanical resistance (transverse strength) and nib support tests, with apparatus and recording rules
• Durability and weather resistance
  • Water impermeability testing
  • Freeze–thaw resistance procedures and sample preparation
• Reaction to fire
  • Fire performance tested in accordance with EN 13823 and reported per fire classification rules
• General provisions
  • Conditioning, specimen assembly, test reporting templates and acceptance of alternative factory production control (FPC) methods only when statistically correlated to EN 491 methods

Applications

EN 491:2011 is a practical reference for:

• Manufacturers - to demonstrate product conformity with EN 490 and to design factory production control (FPC) and QA testing programs
• Testing laboratories - to perform accredited measurements and durability tests (transverse strength, water impermeability, freeze–thaw, nib support, fire reaction)
• Specifiers and architects - to compare product performance data and ensure suitability for pitched roofs or cladding systems
• Certification bodies and regulators - to assess compliance, prepare test reports and support CE marking or national approvals
• Contractors and asset owners - to understand expected performance parameters for selection and maintenance planning

Related standards

• EN 490 - Product specifications for concrete roofing tiles and fittings (product conformity reference)
• EN 13823 / EN 13501-1 / EN 13238 - Reaction to fire test methods and classification procedures referenced by EN 491
• EN 13162 - Referenced for related material conditioning where applicable

EN 491:2011 provides a harmonized, repeatable framework for evaluating concrete roofing tiles - essential for reliable product comparison, compliance, safety and long‑term performance in roofing and cladding applications.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2011
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 491:2005
SIST EN 491:2005/AC:2006
Betonski strešniki in fazonski kosi za prekrivanje streh in oblaganje sten -
Preskusne metode
Concrete roofing tiles and fittings for roof covering and wall cladding - Test methods
Dach- und Formsteine aus Beton für Dächer und Wandbekleidungen - Prüfverfahren
Tuiles et accessoires en béton pour couverture et bardage - Méthodes d'essais
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 491:2011
ICS:
91.100.30 Beton in betonski izdelki Concrete and concrete
products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 491
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2011
ICS 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 491:2004
English Version
Concrete roofing tiles and fittings for roof covering and wall
cladding - Test methods
Tuiles et accessoires en béton pour couverture et bardage - Dach- und Formsteine aus Beton für Dächer und
Méthodes d'essais Wandbekleidungen - Prüfverfahren
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 August 2011.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 491:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Symbols and abbreviations .5
5 Test methods .5
5.1 General .5
5.2 Hanging length and squareness of regular front edge tiles .6
5.2.1 Principle .6
5.2.2 Apparatus .6
5.2.3 Procedure .7
5.2.4 Expression of results .7
5.2.5 Test report .7
5.3 Cover width .7
5.3.1 Principle .7
5.3.2 Apparatus .8
5.3.3 Procedure .8
5.3.4 Expression of results .9
5.3.5 Test report .9
5.4 Flatness .9
5.4.1 Principle .9
5.4.2 Apparatus .9
5.4.3 Procedure . 10
5.4.4 Expression of results . 11
5.4.5 Test report . 11
5.5 Mass . 11
5.5.1 Principle . 11
5.5.2 Apparatus . 11
5.5.3 Conditioning . 11
5.5.4 Procedure . 11
5.5.5 Expression of results . 11
5.5.6 Test report . 11
5.6 Mechanical resistance (transverse strength) . 11
5.6.1 Principle . 11
5.6.2 Apparatus . 12
5.6.3 Conditioning of tiles . 12
5.6.4 Procedure . 13
5.6.5 Recording of test results . 15
5.6.6 Test report . 15
5.7 Water impermeability . 15
5.7.1 Principle . 15
5.7.2 Apparatus and materials . 15
5.7.3 Conditioning . 16
5.7.4 Procedure . 17
5.7.5 Expression of results . 17
5.7.6 Test report . 17
5.8 Freeze-thaw resistance . 17
5.8.1 Principle . 17
5.8.2 Apparatus . 17
5.8.3 Preparation of test samples . 17
5.8.4 Procedure . 18
5.8.5 Expression of results . 18
5.8.6 Test report . 19
5.9 Nib support . 19
5.9.1 Principle. 19
5.9.2 Apparatus . 19
5.9.3 Procedure . 19
5.9.4 Expression of results . 19
5.9.5 Test report . 19
5.10 Reaction to fire performance in accordance with EN 13823 . 21
5.10.1 Principle. 21
5.10.2 Test specimen assembly . 21
5.10.3 Laying the tiles in the test specimen assembly . 21
5.10.4 Closing the gaps in tile specimens between the two wings . 22
Bibliography . 27

Foreword
This document (EN 491:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 128 “Roof covering
products for discontinuous laying and products for wall cladding”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by March 2012.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 491:2004.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies test methods for concrete roofing tiles and fittings conforming to EN 490, for
assembly into pitched roof covering or external wall cladding or internal wall lining cladding.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 490:2004, Concrete roofing tiles and fittings for roof covering and wall cladding — Product specifications
EN 13162:2008, Thermal insulation products for buildings — Factory made mineral wool (MW) products —
Specification
EN 13238:2010, Reaction to fire tests for building products — Conditioning procedures and general rules for
selection of substrates
EN 13501-1:2007+A1:2009, Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1:
Classification using data from reaction to fire tests
EN 13823:2010, Reaction to fire tests for building products — Building products excluding floorings exposed
to the thermal attack by a single burning item
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 490:2004 apply.
4 Symbols and abbreviations
l hanging length of a tile as defined in Figures 1a) and 1c), in millimetres;
l ,l hanging edge lengths of a tile as defined in Figure 1.b), in millimetres;
2 3
c cover width of one tile, in millimetres;
w
c cover width closed up value of 10 tiles, in millimetres;
wc
c cover width drawn out value of 10 tiles, in millimetres;
wd
d profile depth of a tile, in millimetres;
x angle at which test tiles are hung as defined in Figure 1a), in degrees.
5 Test methods
5.1 General
Where other test methods are used for factory production control (FPC) a satisfactory statistical correlation
with the test methods specified in this document shall be demonstrated.
5.2 Hanging length and squareness of regular front edge tiles
5.2.1 Principle
Tiles are hung from steel battens and measured to establish hanging length and also the squareness of
regular front edge tiles.
5.2.2 Apparatus
5.2.2.1 Steel battens to support the tile (see Figure 1).

a) x = 20° to 70°
b) Tiles with nominally constant hanging length l = (l + l )/2
1 2 3
c) Tiles with regularly varying hanging length l = Hanging length measured at lowest point
Figure 1 — Test method for hanging length
l
l
l
l
X
5.2.3 Procedure
5.2.3.1 Tiles with nominally constant hanging length
Hang the tile at an angle of 20° to 70° on a steel batten (see Figure 1a)). After physically removing any burrs
and/or other irregularities, measure from the top face of the batten to the lower front edge of the tile at the
sides (see Figure 1b)), excluding the interlocking sections in the case of tiles with sidelocks.
5.2.3.2 Tiles with regularly varying hanging length
Hang the tile at an angle of 20° to 70° on a steel batten (see Figure 1a)). After physically removing any burrs
and/or other irregularities, measure from the top face of the batten to the lowest point of the tile
(see Figure 1c)).
5.2.4 Expression of results
5.2.4.1 Tiles with nominally constant hanging length
Record the values l and l to the nearest millimetre and calculate the average per tile l to the nearest
2 3 1
millimetre.
5.2.4.2 Tiles with regularly varying hanging length
Record the measured value l to the nearest millimetre.
5.2.5 Test report
5.2.5.1 Tiles with nominally constant hanging length
The test report shall include the following:
a) value l to the nearest millimetre;
b) value l to the nearest millimetre;
c) the average per tile. l . to the nearest millimetre;
d) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491.
5.2.5.2 Tiles with regularly varying hanging length
The test report shall include the following:
a) value l to the nearest millimetre;
b) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491.
5.3 Cover width
5.3.1 Principle
Tiles are hung or laid on a steel batten to determine their cover width.
5.3.2 Apparatus
5.3.2.1 Steel batten to support 11 tiles.
This may be horizontal or pitched up to 70°.
5.3.3 Procedure
5.3.3.1 Interlocking tiles
Hang or lay 11 tiles of the same cover width with their locks engaged, following the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
Taking care that the interlocking parts of the tiles do not lift or disengage, pull the tiles apart to their maximum
coverage. Measure the drawn-out value c over 10 tiles to the nearest millimetre (see Figure 2a)).
wd
Taking care that the interlocking parts of the tiles do not lift or disengage, push the tiles together to their
minimum coverage. Measure the closed up value c over 10 tiles to the nearest millimetre (see Figure 2b)).
wc
c
wd
a) c = cover width of 10 tiles drawn out
wd
c
wc
b) c = cover width of 10 tiles closed up
wc
Figure 2  Testing interlocking tiles for cover width
5.3.3.2 Non-interlocking tiles
Hang or lay 10 tiles of the same nominal cover width on a batten following the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
Push the tiles together. Measure the width of the 10 tiles to the nearest millimetre.
5.3.4 Expression of results
5.3.4.1 Interlocking tiles
Calculate to the nearest millimetre either:
a) the mean drawn out value c /10 and the mean closed up value c /10; or
wd wc
b) the mean cover width (c + c )/20.
wd wc
5.3.4.2 Non-interlocking tiles
Calculate the mean cover width c /10 to the nearest millimetre.
wc
5.3.5 Test report
5.3.5.1 Interlocking tiles
The test report shall include the following:
a) the mean drawn out value c /10 and the mean closed up value c /10 to the nearest
wd wc
millimetre; or
b) the mean cover width (c + c )/20 to the nearest millimetre; and
wd wc
c) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491.
5.3.5.2 Non-interlocking tiles
The test report shall include the following:
a) the mean cover width c /10 to the nearest millimetre;
wc
b) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491.
5.4 Flatness
5.4.1 Principle
Tiles are laid on a flat plate to determine their flatness.
5.4.2 Apparatus
5.4.2.1 Flat metal surface or two co-planer flat metal plates (see Figure 3).
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 Flat surface 3 Diameter 3 mm or c /100
w
2 Two co-planer flat metal plates
Figure 3 — Testing flatness
5.4.2.2 Steel round bar, with a diameter of 3 mm or c /100
...