CEN/TC 104 - Concrete ( performance, production, placing and compliance criteria )

This document specifies the method for the determination of the tensile splitting strength of test specimens of hardened concrete. The reference specimens are moulded cylindrical specimens.
Cores of at least 75 mm diameter complying with the requirements of EN 12504-1 can be tested using this method.
The use of cubic or prismatic specimens is included in Annex A.

This document specifies methods (Methods A and B) for the determination of the first peak, ultimate and residual strength of specimens of hardened sprayed concrete.

This document specifies the scheme for assessment and verification of competence of personnel installing post-tensioning kits.
The document provides provisions for the training providers, assessment bodies and possible certification bodies.
Requirements to the minimum competence and experience for personnel installing post-tensioning kits are given in EN 17678-1.
This document can be amended with a national annex where indicated in the text.

This document specifies the constituent materials, the composition and the mixing method to produce reference concrete and reference mortar for testing the efficacy and the compatibility of admixtures in accordance with the EN 934 series.

This document specifies the constituent materials, the composition and the mix procedure to produce a reference concrete with a prescribed consistency and segregated portion for testing viscosity modifying admixtures as defined in EN 934-2. It also describes how to determine the requirements for the test mix in comparison with the control mix.

This document describes two methods for measuring the electrical resistivity of concrete in water saturated conditions: the volumetric method (see 3.1.3), which is the reference method, and the surface method (see 3.1.4). The document gives the procedure to calibrate the surface method by means of the reference-volumetric method. Both methods give the same resistivity result, provided the provisions of the present document (using the Form Factor (Ff) for equivalence between them) are followed.
NOTE   The volumetric method is applicable to cast specimens or cores, while the surface method is suitable for use on cast specimens, cores and on construction sites, but not all of these applications are covered in this document.
The method can be applied to the normal range of concretes covered by current standards. It does not cover concretes containing metallic components or made with porous aggregates.
The use of resistivity to assess the potential for corrosion of reinforcement in existing structures is not specified in this document.
The use of resistivity to test cores taken from an existing structure, which require pre-conditioning by water saturation, is not covered in this document.

This document is applicable to sprayed concrete to be used for repair and upgrading of structures, for new structures and for strengthening of ground.
This document covers:
-   classification related to consistence of wet mix;
-   environmental exposure classes; young, hardened and fibre reinforced concrete;
-   requirements for constituent materials, for concrete composition and for basic mix, for fresh and hardened concrete and all types of fibre reinforced sprayed concrete;
-   specification for designed and prescribed mixes;
-   conformity.
This document is applicable to wet mix as well as dry mix sprayed concrete. The substrates to which sprayed concrete can be applied include:
-   ground (rock and soil);
-   sprayed concrete;
-   different types of formwork;
-   structural components constituted of concrete, masonry and steel;
-   drainage materials;
-   insulating materials.
Additional or different requirements may be needed for applications not within this document, for instance-refractory uses.

This document specifies the minimum training and registration requirements for post-tensioning personnel involved in the installation of PT kits. These PT kits are typically used in concrete structures using bonded or unbonded tendons in accordance with the relevant execution specifications, product standard and / or appropriate technical assessment.
This document specifies the tasks that the various categories of PT personnel can undertake.
For the purposes of this document, PT personnel means: PT Manager, PT Supervisors, PT Operatives and PT Trainees who are directly employed or indirectly employed on a sub-contract basis.
This document does not cover general safety and health aspects.
This document does not cover contractual issues.
prEN 17678-2:2022 deals with the assessment of competence.

The objective of the document consists in testing concrete mixes complying with EN 206 for particular aggressive environments with the test methods being standardized by TC 51/WG 12 on chloride penetration and carbonation in order to verify their robustness and coherence.

This document specifies a method for determining the rebound number of an area of hardened concrete using a spring-driven hammer.
NOTE 1 The rebound number determined by this method can be used to assess the uniformity of concrete in situ, to delineate zones or areas of poor quality or deteriorated concrete in structures.
NOTE 2 The test method is not intended as an alternative for the compressive strength determination of concrete (EN 12390-3), but with suitable correlation, it can provide an estimate of in situ compressive strength. For the assessment of in situ compressive strength, see EN 13791.
NOTE 3 The hammer can be used for comparative testing, referenced against a concrete with known strength or against a concrete which has been shown that it has come from a defined volume of concrete with a population verified as conforming to a particular strength class.

This document specifies the method for the determination of the secant modulus of elasticity in compression of hardened concrete on test specimens which can be cast or taken from a structure.
The test method allows the determination of two secant moduli of elasticity: the initial modulus, EC,0 measured at first loading and the stabilized modulus, EC,S measured after three loading cycles.
Two different test methods are given. The first (Method A) is for determination of both initial and stabilized moduli, the second (Method B) is for determination of stabilized modulus only.

This document specifies the shapes, dimensions and tolerances of cast concrete test specimens in the form of cubes, cylinders and prisms, and of the moulds required to produce them.
NOTE The tolerances specified in this document are based on the needs of strength testing, but they can be applicable to tests for other properties.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the velocity of propagation of pulses of ultrasonic longitudinal waves or ultrasonic transverse waves in hardened concrete, which is used for a number of applications.

This document describes two methods for determination of air content of compacted fresh concrete, made with normal weight or relatively dense aggregate and having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 63 mm.
The test is not suitable for concretes with slumps less than 10 mm according to EN 12350-2.
Neither method is applicable to concretes made with lightweight aggregates, air cooled blast-furnace slag, or aggregates with high porosity, because of the magnitude of the aggregate correction factor, compared with the entrained air content of the concrete.

(1) This European Standard applies to concrete for structures cast in situ, precast structures, and structural precast products for buildings and civil engineering structures.
(2) The concrete under this European Standard can be:
-   normal-weight, heavy-weight and light-weight;
-   mixed on site, ready-mixed or produced in a plant for precast concrete products;
-   compacted or self-compacting to retain no appreciable amount of entrapped air other than entrained air.
(3) This standard specifies requirements for:
-   the constituents of concrete;
-   the properties of fresh and hardened concrete and their verification;
-   the limitations for concrete composition;
-   the specification of concrete;
-   the delivery of fresh concrete;
-   the production control procedures;
-   the conformity criteria and evaluation of conformity.
(4) Other European Standards for specific products e.g. precast products or for processes within the field of the scope of this standard may require or permit deviations.
(5) Additional or different requirements may be given for specific applications in other European Standards, for example:
-   concrete to be used in roads and other trafficked areas (e.g. concrete pavements according to EN 13877-1);
-   special technologies (e.g. sprayed concrete according to EN 14487).
(6) Supplementing requirements or different testing procedures may be specified for specific types of concrete and applications, for example:
-   concrete for massive structures (e.g. dams);
-   dry mixed concrete;
-   concrete with a Dmax of 4 mm or less (mortar);
-   self-compacting concretes (SCC) containing lightweight or heavy-weight aggregates or fibres;
-   concrete with open structure (e. g. pervious concrete for drainage).
(7) This standard does not apply to:
-   aerated concrete;
-   foamed concrete;
-   concrete with density less than 800 kg/m3;
-   refractory concrete.
(8) This standard does not cover health and safety requirements for the protection of workers during production and delivery of concrete.

This document specifies the procedure for obtaining the non-steady-state chloride migration coefficient of specimens of hardened concrete at a specified age (see Annex A). The test procedure does not take into account any interaction of concrete with the saline solution over time. The test result is a durability indicator with respect to the resistance of the concrete investigated against chloride penetration.
The test procedure does not apply to concrete specimens with surface treatments such as silanes.
If the aggregate or any other embedded elements (such as metallic fibres or conducting particles) are electrically conductive, this will influence the magnitude of chloride migration. This fact is taken into account when establishing threshold values. It prevents comparison of chloride migration values between concretes if the aggregates induce a difference of half an order of magnitude (higher or lower) of chloride migration.

CCMC - Corrections regarding reference EN 12390-7 in Clause 2, 7.2 and the Bibliography

TC - Correction of unit in 4.2 and precision expression in 6.2

This document explains the reasoning behind the requirements and procedures given in EN 13791 [1] and why some concepts and procedures given in EN 13791:2007 [2] were not adopted in the 2019 revision. The annex comprises worked examples of the procedures given in EN 13791:2019.

This procedure is a method for evaluating the carbonation resistance of concrete using test conditions that accelerate the rate of carbonation. After a period of preconditioning, the test is carried out under controlled exposure conditions using an increased level of carbon dioxide.
NOTE   The test under reference conditions takes a minimum of 112 days comprising a minimum age of the specimen prior to conditioning of 28 days, a minimum conditioning period of 14 days and an exposure to increased carbon dioxide levels of 70 days.
This procedure is not a method for the determination of carbonation depths in existing concrete structures.

This document describes the procedure for determining the creep (total creep, basic creep and drying creep) of hardened concrete test specimens subjected to a sustained longitudinal compressive load.
The test is suitable for specimens having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 32 mm.

This document specifies the requirements for the performance of compression testing machines for the measurement of the compressive strength of concrete.

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of total shrinkage of concrete specimens in drying conditions.
NOTE 1 Possible shrinkage or length changes occurring before 24 h of age, and which could have significant amplitude and/or consequences, in case of restraint, could need to be measured according to a complementary procedure not covered by this document.
NOTE 2 Information on a simplified procedure for the determination of autogenous shrinkage is given in Annex A.
The test is suitable for specimens having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 32 mm.

(1) This document:
- gives methods and procedures for the estimation of the in situ compressive strength and characteristic in situ compressive strength of concrete in structures and precast concrete components using direct methods (core testing) and indirect methods, e.g. ultra-sonic pulse velocity, rebound number;
NOTE    To align with the design standard EN 1992-1-1, where the compressive strength is based on 2:1 cylinders, the in situ compressive strength is based in 2:1 cores of diameter ≥ 75 mm.
- provides principles and guidance for establishing the relationships between test results from indirect test methods and the in situ compressive strength;
- provides procedures and guidance for assessing the conformity with the compressive strength class of concrete supplied to structures under construction where standard tests indicate doubt or where the quality of execution is in doubt.
(2) This document provides requirements for determining the in situ strength at test locations and the characteristic strength of test regions, but how this information is to be applied needs to be considered in the light of the specific situation and engineering judgement applied to the specific case.
(3) This document does not include the assessment of the quality of concrete for properties other than compressive strength, e.g. durability-related properties.
(4) This document is not for the assessment of conformity of concrete compressive strength in accordance with EN 206 or EN 13369, except as indicated in EN 206:2013+A1:2016, 5.5.1.2 or 8.4.
(5) This document does not cover the procedures or criteria for the routine conformity control of precast concrete components using either direct or indirect measurements of the in situ strength.
(3) This document does not include the assessment of the quality of concrete for properties other than compressive strength, e.g. durability-related properties.
(4)   This document is not for the assessment of conformity of concrete compressive strength in accordance with EN 206 or EN 13369, except as indicated in EN 206:2013+A1:2016, 5.5.1.2 or 8.4.
(5)   This document does not cover the procedures or criteria for the routine conformity control of precast concrete components using either direct or indirect measurements of the in-situ strength.

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of heat released by concrete during its hardening process in adiabatic condition.
The test is suitable for specimens having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 32 mm.

This document specifies a method for taking cores from hardened concrete, their examination, preparation for testing and determination of compressive strength.
This document does not give guidance on the decision to drill cores or on the locations for drilling.
This document does not provide procedures for interpreting the core strength results.
For the assessment of in situ compressive strength in structures and precast concrete components, EN 13791 may be used.

This document specifies a method for determining the density of hardened concrete. It is applicable to lightweight, normal-weight and heavy-weight concrete.
It differentiates between hardened concrete in the following states:
1) as-received;
2) water saturated;
3) oven-dried.
The mass and volume of the specimen of hardened concrete are determined and the density calculated.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the compressive strength of test specimens of hardened concrete.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the flexural strength of specimens of hardened concrete.

This document specifies methods for making and curing test specimens for strength tests. It covers the preparation and filling of moulds, compaction of the concrete, levelling the surface, curing of test specimens and transporting test specimens.
NOTE This document can be used for the making and curing of specimens for other test methods.

This document specifies a method for determining the depth of penetration of water under pressure in hardened concrete which has been water cured.

This document specifies a method for determining the consistency of fresh concrete by means of the Vebe time.
The test is suitable for specimens having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 63 mm.
If the Vebe time is less than 5 s or more than 30 s, the concrete has a consistency for which the Vebe test is unsuitable.

This document specifies a method for determining the consistence of fresh concrete by the slump test.
The slump test is sensitive to changes in the consistence of concrete, which correspond to slumps between 10 mm and 210 mm. Beyond these extremes the measurement of slump can be unsuitable and other methods of determining the consistency should be considered.
If the slump continues to change over a period of 1 min after withdrawing of the cone, the slump test is not suitable as a measure of consistence.
The test is not suitable when the declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) is greater than 40 mm.

This document specifies two procedures for sampling fresh concrete, by composite sampling and by spot sampling.
NOTE 1   The requirement for remixing the sample before tests on the fresh concrete, or before making test specimens, is included in the relevant standards.
When mixing and sampling concrete is done in a laboratory, different procedures may be required.
NOTE 2   In this case Clause 6, item g) applies.
Additionally, this standard lists common apparatus mentioned in two or more standards of EN 12350 series and EN 12390-2.

This document specifies a method for determining the density of compacted fresh concrete both in the laboratory and in the field.
It may not be applicable to very stiff concrete which cannot be compacted by normal vibration.

This document describes two methods for determination of air content of compacted fresh concrete, made with normal weight or relatively dense aggregate and having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 63 mm.
The test is not suitable for concretes with slumps less than 10 mm according to EN 12350-2.
Neither method is applicable to concretes made with lightweight aggregates, air cooled blast-furnace slag, or aggregates with high porosity, because of the magnitude of the aggregate correction factor, compared with the entrained air content of the concrete.

This document specifies a method for determining the consistence of fresh concrete by determining the degree of compactability.
The test is suitable for specimens having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 63 mm.
If the degree of compactability is less than 1,04 or more than 1,46, the concrete has a consistence for which the degree of compactability test is not suitable.

This document specifies a method for determining the flow of fresh concrete. It is not applicable to self-compacting concrete, foamed concrete, no-fines concrete, or for concrete having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) of greater than 63 mm.
The flow test is sensitive to changes in the consistency of concrete, which correspond to flow values between 340 mm and 620 mm. Beyond these extremes the flow table test may be unsuitable and other methods of determining the consistence should be considered.

This document specifies the procedure for determining the slump-flow and t500 time for self-compacting concrete.
The test is suitable for specimens having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 40 mm.

This document specifies the procedures for sampling and for the assessment and verification of the constancy of performance (AVCP) for admixtures covered by the series EN 934.

This document specifies a method of determining the carbonation rate of a concrete, expressed in mm/√a.
This document establishes a procedure where a standardized climate controlled chamber is used and where specimens are placed on a natural exposure site protected from direct rainfall. The standardized climate controlled chamber procedure is the reference method.
These procedures are applicable for the initial testing of concrete, but they are not applicable for factory production control.

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of heat released by concrete during its hardening process in semi-adiabatic conditions in a laboratory. Annex B specifies the procedure when the test is performed on site. The test is suitable for specimens having a declared value of D of the coarsest fraction of aggregates actually used in the concrete (Dmax) not greater than 32 mm.

This document provides detailed guidance on the carbonation and carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake in concrete. This guidance is complementary to that provided in EN 16757, Product Category Rules for concrete and concrete elements, Annex BB.
Typical CO2 uptake values for a range of structures exposed to various environmental conditions are presented. These values can be incorporated into EPDs for the whole life cycle for either: a functional unit, one tonne or one m³ of concrete, without necessarily having any detailed knowledge of the structure to be built.
In the rest of the document, the data will be given per m³.

This CEN Report provides a summary of provisions valid in the place of use used with EN 206:2013. The aims of this CEN Report are to:
a) provide a picture of how EN 206:2013 is being applied in practice;
b) identify areas where EN 206 is being interpreted in different ways;
c) identify areas where CEN Member Countries have found simplification to be necessary;
d) identify where the options listed in EN 206:2013, Annex M to have provisions valid in the place of use have been taken up;
e) identify other clauses in EN 206 where CEN Member Countries have amended or added to the requirements;
f) identify areas within the scope of concrete production and supply not covered by EN 206, but covered by national provisions;
g) identify developing practice that may lead to a need for standardization in the future.
EN 206 uses the phrase ‘provisions valid in the place of use’. This survey uses the term ‘provisions valid in the place of use’ to include regulations, standards and other documents that form the basis of local practice.
As a summary of national requirements, the information in this CEN Report is incomplete and may have been subject to later revisions, particularly if the entry was based on information in CEN/TR15868: 2009. It is insufficient and not intended to provide the basis for design and specification: for this the national requirements (see Table 2) should be studied.
Table 2 identifies CEN Member Countries who did not respond to the questionnaire. The other tables in this CEN Report only include information from CEN Member Countries, or in the view of the authors, the information in CEN/TR 15868:2009 is still likely to be valid.

This European Standard specifies the composition, characteristics and preparation procedure for reference concrete substrates which are to be used in the test methods to measure performance requirements of products and systems for the repair and protection of concrete structures.
The provisions of this standard are applicable to concrete with a maximum aggregate size of 16 mm or 20 mm or with a maximum aggregate size of 8 mm or 10 mm.

This part of EN 1504 gives requirements for:
-   substrate condition before and during application of systems and products;
-   storage of systems and products;
-   structural stability during preparation, protection and repair;
-   methods of protection and repair;
-   quality control for execution of work;
-   maintenance of the structure.

This Part of EN 1504 specifies procedures for sampling, quality control, assessment and verification of the constancy of performance (AVCP) including marking and labelling of products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete according to EN 1504 2 to EN 1504-7.

This European Standard specifies the procedure for the determination of free calcium oxide content in fly ash.
The European Standard specifies the reference procedure. If other methods are used it needs to be shown that they give results equivalent to those obtained by the reference method.

This European Standard specifies the method for the determination of fly ash fineness by wet sieving on a 0,045 mm sieve (ISO 565).
The European Standard specifies the reference procedure. If other methods are used it needs to be shown that they give results equivalent to those obtained by the reference method. In case of a dispute, only the reference method is used.

This European Standard applies to the silica-calcium fume (SCF) which is a by-product of the carbothermal process used to produce silica-calcium alloys.
This European Standard gives requirements for chemical and physical properties for SCF to be used as a type II addition in concrete conforming to EN 206, or in mortars, grouts and other mixes. This European Standard also states conformity criteria and related rules.
This European Standard does not give rules for the use of SCF in concrete. Some general rules for the use of type II additions are given in EN 206.
NOTE   Supplementary rules related to the use of SCF in concrete may be given in non-conflicting national standards for concrete.