EN 19694-4:2016

Stationary source emissions - Determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-intensive industries - Part 4: Aluminium industry

This European Standard specifies a harmonized method for calculating the emissions of greenhouse gases from the electrolysis section of primary aluminium smelters and aluminium anode baking plants. It also specifies key performance indicators for the purpose of benchmarking of aluminium. This also defines the boundaries.
NOTE   Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.

Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung von Treibhausgasen (THG) aus energieintensiven Industrien - Teil 4: Aluminiumindustrie

Diese Europäische Norm legt eine harmonisierte Methode zur Berechnung der Treibhausgasemissionen aus dem Elektrolyseabschnitt von Anlagen zur Aluminiumschmelzflusselektrolyse und Anlagen, in denen Anoden gebrannt werden, fest. Darüber hinaus legt sie Schlüsselleistungskennzahlen für das Benchmarking von Aluminium fest. Dadurch sind auch die Grenzen definiert.
ANMERKUNG   Für Produkte, die in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm fallen, können weitere Anforderungen und weitere EU Richtlinien anwendbar sein.

Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) dans les industries énergo-intensives - Partie 4: Industrie de l'aluminium

La présente Norme européenne spécifie une méthode harmonisée pour calculer les émissions de gaz à effet de serre provenant du hall d'électrolyse des alumineries de production d'aluminium primaire et des installations de cuisson des anodes. Elle spécifie également des indicateurs clés pour déterminer les performances de l'aluminium. Elle définit en outre le périmètre des procédés.
NOTE   D’autres exigences et d’autres Directives UE peuvent être applicables au(x) produit(s) relevant du domaine d’application de la présente norme.

Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določevanje emisij toplogrednih plinov (TGP) v energetsko intenzivnih industrijah - 4. del: Proizvodnja aluminija

Potrjeni standard določa (opisuje) metodo izračuna za spremljanje emisij toplogrednih plinov iz primarnih talilnic aluminija, vključno s proizvodnjo anod. Emisije toplogrednih plinov vključujejo zlasti ogljikov dioksid (CO2) in perfluorirani ogljikovodik (PFC).

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 19-Jul-2016
• Withdrawal Date: 30-Jan-2017
• ICS: 13.040.40 - Stationary source emissions
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 264 - Air quality
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 264/WG 33 - Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-intensive industries
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Completion Date: 15-Mar-2022
• Mandate: M/478 - Standardisation mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI for the development of EU technical standards in the field of greenhouse gas emissions
• Ref Project: SIST EN 19694-4:2017 - Stationary source emissions - Determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-intensive industries - Part 4: Aluminium industry

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2017
(PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY'RORþHYDQMHHPLVLMWRSORJUHGQLKSOLQRY7*3Y
HQHUJHWVNRLQWHQ]LYQLKLQGXVWULMDKGHO3URL]YRGQMDDOXPLQLMD
Stationary source emissions - Determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in
energy-intensive industries - Part 4: Aluminium industry
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung von Treibhausgasen (THG) aus
energieintensiven Industrien - Teil 4: Aluminiumindustrie
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination des émissions des gaz à effet de serre dans
les industries à forte intensité énergétique - Partie 4: Industrie de l'aluminium
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 19694-4:2016
ICS:
13.020.40 Onesnaževanje, nadzor nad Pollution, pollution control
onesnaževanjem in and conservation
ohranjanje
13.040.40 (PLVLMHQHSUHPLþQLKYLURY Stationary source emissions
77.120.10 Aluminij in aluminijeve zlitine Aluminium and aluminium
alloys
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 19694-4
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
July 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.040.40
English Version
Stationary source emissions - Determination of
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-intensive
industries - Part 4: Aluminium industry
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination des Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung von
émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES) dans les Treibhausgasen (THG) aus energieintensiven
industries énergo-intensives - Partie 4: Industrie de Industrien - Teil 4: Aluminiumindustrie
l'aluminium
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 May 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 19694-4:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 List of abbreviated terms . 5
5 Symbols, units and chemical formulae . 6
5.1 Symbols and units . 6
5.2 Chemical formulae . 7
6 Calculation methods – General remarks. 8
6.1 Introduction . 8
6.2 Calculation methods for process GHG emissions from primary aluminium
production . 8
6.3 Sources of carbon dioxide . 9
6.4 Sources of PFC . 9
7 Methods for calculation of process carbon dioxide emissions . 10
7.1 General . 10
7.2 Tier 1 – Method using process specific equations with technology typical parameters
for carbon dioxide emissions . 10
7.3 Tier 2 – Method using process specific equations with facility specific parameters for
carbon dioxide emissions . 10
7.4 Calculation of carbon dioxide emissions from prebake processes . 10
7.5 Baking furnace carbon dioxide emissions . 12
7.6 Calculation of carbon dioxide emissions from the Søderberg process. 16
8 Methods for calculation of PFC emissions . 18
8.1 Introduction . 18
8.2 Tier 1 method for calculating PFC emissions . 18
8.3 Tier 2 method for calculating PFC emissions . 19
8.4 Calculation of PFC emissions from aluminium reduction processes . 19
8.5 Verification of GHG calculation . 22
9 Key performance indicators. 22
Bibliography . 24

European foreword
This document (EN 19694-4:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air
quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2017, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate M/478 given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association.
EN 19694, Stationary source emissions — Determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-
intensive industries is a series of standards that consists of the following parts:
— Part 1: General aspects
— Part 2: Iron and steel industry
— Part 3: Cement industry
— Part 4: Aluminium industry
— Part 5: Lime industry
— Part 6: Ferroalloy industry
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard serves the following purposes:
— measuring, testing and quantifying GHG emissions from the aluminium industry;
— assessing the level of GHG emissions performance of production processes over time, at production
sites;
— establishing and providing reliable, accurate and quality information for reporting and verification
purposes.
This European Standard can be used to measure, report and compare the GHG emissions of an
aluminium production facility. Data for individual facilities, sites or works may be combined to
measure, report and compare GHG emissions for a company, corporation or group.
Direct fuel based emissions are not included; for calculation of this part of the GHG emissions, see
EN 19694–1.
The European Standard deals with sector-specific aspects for the determination of greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions from aluminium production and is based on documents mentioned under tier 3 of
Section 4.4.2.4 of the 2006 IPCC guidelines [6].
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a harmonized method for calculating the emissions of greenhouse
gases from the electrolysis section of primary aluminium smelters and aluminium anode baking plants.
It also specifies key performance indicators for the purpose of benchmarking of aluminium. This also
defines the boundaries.
NOTE Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the
scope of this standard.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 19694-1, Stationary source emissions — Determination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in energy-
intensive industries — Part 1: General aspects
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 19694-1 and the following
apply.
3.1
aluminium electrolysis
section of an aluminium primary smelter where aluminium is converted from aluminium oxide to
aluminium metal in electrolysis cells
3.2
anode baking plant
production of carbon anodes for use in aluminium prebake electrolysis cells
3.3
PFC gases
gas emitted from aluminium electrolysis consisting of CF and C F
4 2 6
3.4
grid specific CO factor
CO factor (t CO /MWh) associated with the electricity delivered to a specific aluminium smelter from
2 2
their supplier
4 List of abbreviated terms
AE Anode effect
CWPB Centre-Worked prebake
DAE Direct anode emissions
DEE Direct electrolysis emissions
GHG Green House Gas
HSS Horizontal Stud Søderberg
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
PFPB Point Feeder prebake
SWPB Side-Worked prebake
TIE Electrolysis electricity consumption
VSS Vertical Stud Søderberg
WBCSD World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)
WRI World Resources Institute
5 Symbols, units and chemical formulae
5.1 Symbols and units
Symbol Quantity Unit
A Anode effects, (= frequency x average duration) minutes/cell
EM
day
A Anode effect overvoltage millivolts
EO
A Net anode consumption wt %
NC
A Ash content in baked anodes wt %
sha
A Ash content in pitch in weight % wt %
shp
A Ash content in packing coke, wt % wt %
shpc
B Baked anode production tonne/year
A
B Baked anode weight tonne
AW
C Carbon content of baked anodes, wt %
BA
C Carbon content of anode butts tonne/year
Butt
C Current efficiency for aluminium production %
E
C Emissions of cyclohexane soluble matter, kilograms per kg/tonne
SM
tonnes aluminium
E Emissions of tetrafluoromethane, kg CF per year kg/year
CF
E Emissions of hexafluoroethane, kg C F per year kg/year
2 6
CF
2 6
CO emissions in tonnes per year tonne/year
E 2
CO
E Emission factor of Packing Coke, tCO /t of Packing Coke tonne
FPC 2
Symbol Quantity Unit
CF dimensionless
F
CF
2 6
Weight fraction of
CF
CF
G tonne/year
A
 
G
AW
Weight of loaded green anodes = B
 
A
B
 AW
G Green anode weight tonne
AW
G Global warming potential. Use latest G data from IPCC tonnes CO
WP WP 2
equivalent/tonn
e
H Hydrogen content in green anode wt %
w
M Total mass of baked anodes tonne/year
BA
M Total mass of anode butts tonne/year
Butt
M Tonnes aluminium per year tonne/year
P
N Net anode consumption, tonnes per tonnes aluminium tonne/year
AC
O Oxidation factor of packing coke (typically 1 for this dimensionless
FPC
stream)
O Overvoltage coefficient for CF kg /t /mV
VC 4 CF4 Al
P Paste consumption, tonnes per tonnes aluminium tonne
C
P Packing coke consumed per tonnes of baked anode tonne
CC
P
...