CEN/TS 18040:2024
(Main)Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of formaldehyde - Automatic method
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of formaldehyde - Automatic method
This document specifies a measurement method based on an automatic method for determination of the mass concentration of formaldehyde in ducts and stacks emitting to the atmosphere. It specifies the sampling and gas conditioning system. Furthermore, it specifies the characteristics to be determined and the performance criteria to be fulfilled by portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS) using appropriate techniques to measure formaldehyde.
This method is intended for intermittent monitoring of formaldehyde emissions as well as for the calibration and validation of automated formaldehyde measuring systems.
The analyser is calibrated using test gases produced by a test gas generator.
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der Massenkonzentration von Formaldehyd - Automatisches Verfahren
Dieses Dokument legt ein auf einem automatischen Verfahren basierendes Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Massenkonzentration von Formaldehyd in Kanälen und Kaminen, die in die Atmosphäre emittieren, fest. Weiterhin legt es die zu bestimmenden Leistungskenngrößen und die zu erfüllenden Leistungskriterien von tragbaren automatischen Messeinrichtungen (P-AMS), die geeignete Techniken zur Formaldehydmessung anwenden, fest.
Dieses Verfahren ist zur diskontinuierlichen Überwachung von Formaldehydemissionen sowie zur Kalibrierung und Validierung von automatischen Formaldehyd-Messeinrichtungen vorgesehen.
Das Messgerät wird mit von einem Prüfgasgenerator hergestellten Prüfgasen kalibriert.
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la concentration massique en formaldéhyde - Méthode automatique
Le présent document spécifie une méthode de mesurage basée sur une méthode automatique de détermination de la concentration massique en formaldéhyde dans les conduits et les cheminées émettant à l’atmosphère. Il décrit le système de prélèvement et de conditionnement du gaz. De plus, il spécifie les caractéristiques devant être déterminées et les critères de performance devant être remplis par les systèmes de mesurage automatisés portables (P-AMS) utilisant des techniques appropriées pour mesurer les concentrations en formaldéhyde.
Cette méthode est conçue pour la surveillance périodique des émissions de formaldéhyde ainsi que pour l'étalonnage et la validation des systèmes de mesurage automatisés des concentrations en formaldéhyde.
L’analyseur est étalonné à l’aide des gaz d’essai produits par un générateur de gaz d’essai.
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določanje masne koncentracije formaldehida - Avtomatska metoda
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2024
Emisije nepremičnih virov - Določanje masne koncentracije formaldehida -
Avtomatska metoda
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass concentration of formaldehyde
- Automatic method
Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der Massenkonzentration von
Formaldehyd - Automatisches Verfahren
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la concentration massique en
formaldéhyde - Méthode automatique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 18040:2024
ICS:
13.040.40 Emisije nepremičnih virov Stationary source emissions
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
CEN/TS 18040
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
May 2024
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 13.040.40
English Version
Stationary source emissions - Determination of the mass
concentration of formaldehyde - Automatic method
Émissions de sources fixes - Détermination de la Emissionen aus stationären Quellen - Bestimmung der
concentration massique en formaldéhyde - Méthode Massenkonzentration von Formaldehyd -
automatique Automatisches Verfahren
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 8 April 2024 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 18040:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
4.1 General. 9
4.2 Measuring principle . 10
5.1 General. 10
5.2 Sampling probe . 10
5.3 Filter . 11
5.4 Sampling line . 11
5.4.1 General. 11
5.4.2 Heated sampling system (configuration 1) . 11
5.4.3 Conditioning system with dilution (configuration 2) . 11
5.5 Sample pump . 11
8.1 General. 12
8.2 Relevant performance characteristics and performance criteria . 12
8.3 Establishment of the uncertainty budget . 12
9.1 Measurement plan and sampling strategy . 14
9.2 Setting of the analyser on site . 14
9.2.1 General. 14
9.2.2 Preliminary zero and span check, and adjustments . 14
9.2.3 Zero and span checks after measurement . 16
10.1 Introduction . 16
10.2 Frequency of checks . 16
Annex A (informative) Example of assessment of compliance of the method with
requirements on emission measurement . 18
Annex B (informative) Uncertainty associated with the gas concentration generated by a
test gas generator from a solution . 29
Annex C (informative) Calculation of the uncertainty associated with a concentration
expressed on dry gas at an oxygen reference concentration . 36
Bibliography . 40
European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 18040:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air
quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Introduction
Formaldehyde is a carcinogenic pollutant that is generated in different industrial sectors, like energy
industries (combustion plants (e.g. for wood and gas), combustion engines (gas engines and turbines),
chemical industry (e.g. formaldehyde production), food industry (e.g. smoking plants), wood industry
(e.g. production of wood-based panels or wood pellets) and thus contained in emissions of these
processes.
The manual reference method for the measurement of formaldehyde emissions is specified in
CEN/TS 17638 [1]. This method is based on the absorption of sampled gas in water and the subsequent
analysis of the aqueous samples by spectrophotometry or HPLC.
The results of manual methods and the automatic method showed good agreement for exhaust gas of
combustion engines fuelled with biogas [2; 3]. A full equivalence test has not been carried out so far.
1 Scope
This document specifies a measurement method based on an automatic method for determination of
the mass concentration of formaldehyde in ducts and stacks emitting to the atmosphere. It specifies the
sampling and gas conditioning system. Furthermore, it specifies the characteristics to be determined
and the performance criteria to be fulfilled by portable automated measuring systems (P-AMS) using
appropriate techniques to measure formaldehyde.
This method is intended for intermittent monitoring of formaldehyde emissions as well as for the
calibration and validation of automated formaldehyde measuring systems.
The analyser is calibrated using test gases produced by a test gas generator.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 15259:2007, Air quality - Measurement of stationary source emissions - Requirements for
measurement sections and sites and for the measurement objective, plan and report
EN 15267-4:2023, Air quality - Assessment of air quality monitoring equipment - Part 4: Performance
criteria and test procedures for portable automated measuring systems for periodic measurements of
emissions from stationary sources
EN ISO 14956, Air quality - Evaluation of the suitability of a measurement procedure by comparison with
a required measurement uncertainty (ISO 14956)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
ambient temperature
temperature of the air around the measuring system
[SOURCE: EN 16429:2021] [4]
3.2
automated measuring system
AMS
entirety of all measuring instruments and additional devices for obtaining a result of measurement
Note 1 to entry: The term “automated measuring system” applies to stationary and portable AMS.
Note 2 to entry: Apart from the actual measuring device (the analyser), an AMS includes facilities for taking
samples (e.g. probe, sample gas lines, flow meters and regulator, delivery pump) and for sample conditioning (e.g.
dust filter, pre-separator for interferents, cooler, converter). This definition also includes testing and adjusting
devices that are required for functional checks and QAL3 procedures and, if applicable, for commissioning.
Note 3 to entry: The term “automated measuring system” (AMS) is typically used in Europe. The terms
“continuous emission monitoring system” (CEMS) and “continuous ambient-air-quality monitoring system” (CAM)
are also typically used in the UK and USA.
[SOURCE: EN 15267-1:2023] [5]
3.3
calibration
set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of
quantities indicated by a measuring method or measuring system, and the corresponding values given
by the applicable reference
Note 1 to entry: In case of automated measuring system (AMS) permanently installed on a stack, the applicable
reference is the standard reference method (SRM) used to establish the calibration function of the AMS.
Note 2 to entry: Calibration should not be confused with adjustment of a measuring system.
[SOURCE: EN 16429:2021] [4]
3.4
drift
difference between two zero (zero drift) or span readings (span drift) at the beginning and at the end of
a measuring period
[SOURCE: EN 16429:2021] [4]
3.5
emission limit value
ELV
limit value given in regulations such as EU Directives, ordinances, administrative regulations, permits,
licences, authorisations or consents
Note 1 to entry: ELV can be stated as concentration limits expressed as half-hourly, hourly and daily averaged
values, or mass flow limits expressed as hourly, daily, weekly, monthly or annually aggregated values.
Note 2 to entry: ELV is mostly stated at standard conditions for dry gas and at a reference oxygen concentration.
3.6
influence quantity
quantity that is not the measurand but that affects the result of the measurement
Note 1 to entry: Influence quantities are e.g. presence of interfering gases, ambient temperature, pressure of the
gas sample.
3.7
interference
negative or positive effect upon the response of the measuring system, due to a component of the
sample that is not the measurand
3.8
lack of fit
systematic deviation, within the measurement range, between the accepted value of a reference
material applied to the measuring system and the corresponding result of measurement produced by
the calibrated measuring system
Note 1 to entry: In common language lack of fit is often called “linearity” or “deviation from linearity”. Lack of fit
test is often called “linearity test”.
[SOURCE: EN 15267-4:2023]
3.9
measurand
particular quantity subject to measurement
Note 1 to entry:
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.