EN 12184:2022

Electrically powered wheelchairs, scooters and their chargers - Requirements and test methods

This document specifies requirements and test methods for electrically powered wheelchairs, with a maximum speed not exceeding 20 km/h, intended to carry one person of mass not less than 25 kg and not greater than 300 kg, including
- electrically powered scooters with three or more wheels,
- manual wheelchairs with an add-on electrically powered drive system,
- handrim-activated power-assisted wheelchairs,
- electrically powered stand-up wheelchairs,
- wheelchairs with a pivot drive wheel unit, and
- push-assist wheelchairs.
This document does not apply to balancing wheelchairs, custom-made electrically powered wheelchairs or electrically powered wheelchairs intended for use in sports.
This document also specifies requirements and test methods for manual wheelchairs with electrically powered ancillary equipment.

Elektrorollstühle, Scooters und zugehörige Ladegeräte - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren Elektrorollstühle, Scooter und zugehörige Ladegeräte - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren

Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für Elektrorollstühle mit einer Höchst-geschwindigkeit von 20 km/h fest, die für die Beförderung einer Person mit einem Gewicht von mindestens 25 kg und einem Höchstgewicht von 300 kg bestimmt sind, einschließlich:
   Elektromobile mit drei oder mehr Rädern;
   muskelkraftbetriebene Rollstühle mit elektrischem Zusatzantrieb;
   mit Greifreifen betätigte kraftunterstützte Rollstühle;
   elektrischer Aufrichtrollstuhl;
   Rollstühle mit Achsenantriebseinheit; und
   Rollstühle mit Schiebehilfe.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anzuwenden für selbstbalancierende Rollstühle, kundenspezifisch angefertigte Elektrorollstühle oder für sportliche Aktivitäten vorgesehene Elektrorollstühle.
Dieses Dokument legt auch Anforderungen an und Prüfverfahren für muskelkraftbetriebene Rollstühle mit elektrischem Zusatzantrieb fest.

Fauteuils roulants électriques, scooters et leurs chargeurs - Exigences et méthodes d'essai

Le présent document spécifie les exigences et les méthodes d’essai relatives aux fauteuils roulants électriques dont la vitesse maximale ne dépasse pas 20 km/h et prévus pour transporter une personne dont la masse n’est pas inférieure à 25 kg et n’excède pas 300 kg, y compris :
   les scooters électriques à trois roues ou plus ;
   les fauteuils roulants à propulsion manuelle équipés d’un système de conduite électrique ;
   les fauteuils roulants à propulsion assistée activée par mains courantes ;
   les fauteuils roulants verticalisateurs électriques ;
   les fauteuils roulants équipés d’un module avec roue motrice pivotante ;
   les fauteuils roulants à pousser équipés d’un système d’aide à la propulsion.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux fauteuils roulants gyroscopiques, ni aux fauteuils roulants électriques sur mesure ni aux fauteuils roulants électriques prévus pour la pratique sportive.
Le présent document spécifie également les exigences et méthodes d’essai pour les fauteuils roulants à propulsion manuelle dotés d’un équipement électrique auxiliaire.

Invalidski vozički na električni pogon, skuterji in njihovi polnilniki - Zahteve in preskusne metode

Ta dokument določa zahteve in preskusne metode za invalidske vozičke na električni pogon, katerih največja hitrost ne presega 20 km/h in ki so namenjeni za eno osebo s težo do 300 kg, vključno s/z:
–   skuterji na električni pogon s tremi kolesi ali več;
–   invalidskimi vozički z ročnim upravljanjem z vgrajenim pogonskim sistemom;
–   invalidskimi vozički s pomožnim pogonom na kolesnem obroču;
–   invalidskimi vozički na električni pogon z možnostjo stoječega položaja;
–   invalidskimi vozički s funkcijo uravnoteženja;
–   invalidskimi vozički z vrtljivo pogonsko kolesno enoto; ter
–   invalidskimi vozički, ki jih upravlja pomočnik.
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za invalidske vozičke na električni pogon, izdelane po meri, ali invalidske vozičke na električni pogon, namenjene za uporabo pri športu.
Ta dokument določa tudi zahteve in preskusne metode za invalidske vozičke z ročnim upravljanjem z električno pomožno opremo.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 06-Sep-2022
• ICS: 11.180.10 - Aids and adaptation for moving
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 293 - Technical aids for disabled persons
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 293/WG 9 - Wheelchairs - Revision of EN 12183 and EN 12184
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 07-Sep-2022
• Due Date: 07-Oct-2021
• Completion Date: 07-Sep-2022
• Directive: 93/42/EEC - Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices
• Mandate: M/023 - Standardization mandate to CEN/CENELEC concerning the development of European standards relating to medical devices
• Ref Project: SIST EN 12184:2022 - Electrically powered wheelchairs, scooters and their chargers - Requirements and test methods

Relations

• Replaces: EN 12184:2014 - Electrically powered wheelchairs, scooters and their chargers - Requirements and test methods
• Effective Date: 15-May-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12184:2014
Invalidski vozički na električni pogon, skuterji in njihovi polnilniki - Zahteve in
preskusne metode
Electrically powered wheelchairs, scooters and their chargers - Requirements and test
methods
Elektrorollstühle, Scooters und zugehörige Ladegeräte - Anforderungen und
Prüfverfahren
Fauteuils roulants électriques, scooters et leurs chargeurs - Exigences et méthodes
d'essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12184:2022
ICS:
11.180.10 Pripomočki in prilagoditve za Aids and adaptation for
gibanje moving
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 12184
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 11.180.10 Supersedes EN 12184:2014
English Version
Electrically powered wheelchairs, scooters and their
chargers - Requirements and test methods
Fauteuils roulants électriques, scooters et leurs Elektrorollstühle, Scooters und zugehörige Ladegeräte
chargeurs - Exigences et méthodes d'essai - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 July 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12184:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Test apparatus. 9
5 Type classes . 10
6 General requirements . 11
6.1 Risk management . 11
6.2 Intended performance and technical documentation . 11
6.3 Clinical evaluation and investigation. 11
6.4 Wheelchairs that can be dismantled . 11
6.5 Single-use fasteners . 11
6.6 Biocompatibility and toxicity . 12
6.7 Contaminants and residues . 12
6.8 Infection and microbiological contamination . 12
6.9 Overflow, spillage, leakage, and ingress of liquids . 13
6.10 Safety of moving parts . 14
6.11 Prevention of traps for parts of the human body . 15
6.12 Folding and adjusting mechanisms . 16
6.13 Surfaces, corners, edges and protruding parts . 16
6.14 Ergonomic principles . 17
6.15 General modifications to normative references . 17
6.16 Applicable provisions for specified types of wheelchair . 17
6.17 Recommendations . 17
7 Preparation for testing . 17
7.1 General . 17
7.2 Test dummy . 18
7.3 Human test occupant . 18
8 Wheelchair performance . 18
8.1 Driving characteristics . 18
8.2 Static, impact and fatigue strength . 21
8.3 Wheelchairs for use as seats in motor vehicles . 21
8.4 Climatic performance . 22
9 Component properties . 22
9.1 Foot supports, lower leg support assemblies and arm supports . 22
9.2 Component mass . 24
9.3 Pneumatic tyres . 24
9.4 Means for maintaining a sitting posture . 24
9.5 Resistance to ignition . 24
10 Propulsion and braking systems . 25
10.1 Means for operating brakes . 25
10.2 Braking functions . 26
10.3 Freewheel device . 29
11 Operations . 29
11.1 Operations intended to be carried out by the occupant and/or assistant . 29
11.2 Controls intended for operation by the occupant . 30
11.3 Controls intended for operation by an assistant . 30
11.4 Assistant control unit, push handles and handgrips . 31
11.5 Operating forces . 32
11.6 Occupied seating adjustments . 33
12 Electrical systems . 33
12.1 General requirements . 33
12.2 Circuit protection . 33
12.3 Battery chargers. 34
12.4 Charging connector . 35
12.5 Battery enclosures and containers . 35
12.6 Emergency stop . 35
12.7 Lighting . 36
12.8 Switching off while driving. 36
12.9 Software . 36
12.10 Lithium cells and batteries . 36
12.11 Remote control . 36
13 Information supplied by the manufacturer . 37
13.1 General . 37
13.2 Pre-sale information . 37
13.3 User information . 38
13.4 Service information . 39
13.5 Labelling . 39
14 Test report, tables and figures . 40
Annex A (informative) Recommendations for dimensions and manoeuvring space of
electrically powered wheelchairs. 49
Annex B (informative) Recommended design features . 51
Annex C (informative) Recommendations for lighting and reflectors . 55
Annex D (informative) EN 12184 and rail interoperability . 57
Annex E (informative) Recommendations for safety in freewheel mode . 58
Annex F (informative) Hazardous substances . 60
Annex G (normative) Applicable provisions for particular types of wheelchair . 66
Annex H (informative) Technical changes from the previous edition of EN 12184 . 73
Bibliography .
...