EN 14437:2004
(Main)Determination of the uplift resistance of installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing - Roof system test method
Determination of the uplift resistance of installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing - Roof system test method
This European Standard specifies a test method to establish the uplift resistance of installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing, complying with the relevant product standard, EN 490 or EN 1304, which are unfixed or mechanically fixed to the substructure.
NOTE The test method has been developed for clay or concrete tiles for roofing but may apply to other discontinuously laid small elements, such as: slates; fibre cement slates; and, stones.
The test method is applicable to mechanical fixings such as clips, hooks, screws and nails.
In case of mechanically fixed tiles, at least every third tile shall be fixed. The method is not applicable for fixed tiles with fixing patterns with less than every third tile fixed.
The test method is not applicable to under and over tiles. Examples of these tiles are given in annex H.
Bestimmung des Abhebewiderstandes von Dachdeckungen mit Dachziegeln oder Dachsteinen (Dachpfannen) - Prüfverfahren für Dachsysteme
Détermination de la résistance au soulèvement des tuiles en terre cuite ou béton mises en béton mises en oeuvre sur la toiture - Methode d'essai par système de toiture
Ugotavljanje dvižne odpornosti vgrajenih opečnih ali betonskih strešnikov – Preskusna metoda
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bestimmung des Abhebewiderstandes von Dachdeckungen mit Dachziegeln oder Dachsteinen (Dachpfannen) - Prüfverfahren für DachsystemeDétermination de la résistance au soulevement des tuiles en terre cuite ou béton mises en béton mises en oeuvre sur la toiture - Methode d'essai par systeme de toitureDetermination of the uplift resistance of installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing - Roof system test method91.100.30Beton in betonski izdelkiConcrete and concrete products91.100.25Ceramic building products91.060.20StreheRoofsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14437:2004SIST EN 14437:2005en01-marec-2005SIST EN 14437:2005SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14437November 2004ICS 91.060.20; 91.100.25; 91.100.30 English versionDetermination of the uplift resistance of installed clay orconcrete tiles for roofing - Roof system test methodDétermination de la résistance au soulèvement des tuilesterre cuite ou béton mises en oeuvre sur la toiture -Methode d'essai par système de toitureBestimmung des Abhebewiderstandes von verlegtenDachziegeln oder Dachsteinen - Prüfverfahren fürDachsystemeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14437:2004: ESIST EN 14437:2005
Scope.6 2
Normative references.6 3
Terms and definitions.6 4
Symbols and abbreviations.6 5
Sampling.7 6
Test conditions.7 7
Test material.7 8
Apparatus.8 8.1 Test rig.8 8.2 Cables.8 8.3 Force measuring device.8 8.4 Measuring device for displacement of the roofing tiles.8 8.5 Measuring device for weight.8 9 Test procedure.8 9.1 Measurement of the weight.8 9.2 Installation of battens, roofing tiles and fixings.8 9.3 Determination of the location of the forces on the test roof.9 9.4 Measurement of the uplift resistance.10 10
Evaluation and expression of results.12 11
Test report.13 Annex A (informative)
Test rig.14 Annex B (normative)
Arrangement of tiles on the test rig.15 B.1 General.15 B.2 Single lap interlocking tiles in straight bond.15 B.3 Single lap interlocking tiles in broken bond.15 B.4 Tiles with double-lap.16 Annex C (informative)
Fixing patterns to be tested.17 C.1 General.17 C.2 Single lap interlocking tiles laid in straight bond.17 C.3 Single lap interlocking tiles laid in broken bond.19 C.4 Tiles with double overlap.20 Annex D (informative)
Calculation of characteristic values.22 Annex E (informative)
Calculation of the uplift resistance of clay or concrete tiles for roofing at various roof pitches, for a tested configuration.23 E.1 Correction for the influence of the weight of the roofing tiles.23 E.2 Characteristic value of the strength of fixings.24 E.3 Uplift resistance of partially or fully fixed roofing tiles for various roof pitches.25 Annex F (informative)
Determining the uplift resistance of installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing in special roof zones.26 SIST EN 14437:2005
Considerations for partial safety factors for resistance.27 G.1 Partial safety factors for resistance.27 G.2 Unfavourable deviations from representative values.27 G.3 Systematic differences between test conditions and practical situations.28 G.4 Differences between test conditions and practical situations developing in time.28 Annex H (informative)
Examples of roof tiles for which the test method is not applicable.29 Annex I (informative)
Test Rig Commissioning Calibrations.30 Bibliography.31
Scope This document specifies a test method to establish the uplift resistance of installed clay or concrete tiles for roofing, complying with the relevant product standard, EN 490 or EN 1304, which are unfixed or mechanically fixed to the substructure. NOTE The test method has been developed for clay or concrete tiles for roofing but may apply to other discontinuously laid small elements, such as: slates; fibre cement slates; and, stones. The test method is applicable to mechanical fixings such as clips, hooks, screws and nails. In case of mechanically fixed tiles, at least every third tile shall be fixed. The method is not applicable for fixed tiles with fixing patterns with less than every third tile fixed. The test method is not applicable to under and over tiles. Examples of these tiles are given in Annex H. 2
Normative references Not applicable. 3
Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1
discontinuously laid small elements elements to be used for roof covering and wall cladding which are installed as separate elements and collectively form the roof covering 3.2
roof pitch pitch of the roof structure, e.g. the rafters, counter battens, panels 3.3
characteristic value value of a material property having a prescribed probability of not being attained in a hypothetical unlimited test series. This value generally corresponds to a specified fractile of the assumed statistical distribution of the particular property of the material 3.4 roof system comprises the structure of the battens, mechanical fixings (clips, hooks, nails and screws) as well as the laying specification for the roof covering products (clay and concrete tiles for roofing) 4
Symbols and abbreviations dmax
the maximum permissible displacement; Ft force exerted on 16 tiles; kn a factor depending on the number of tests n; Lh
the hanging length of the tile; Lt total length of tile; SIST EN 14437:2005
Sampling The clay or concrete tiles for roofing selected shall be representative of the intended use. The battens selected shall be representative i.e., in line with the tile product and instructions of the clip manufacturer. The fixings used for the test shall be representative of the manufactured product. In selecting the number of elements, refer to 7 and 9, taking into consideration the number of fixing patterns and that in each case a trial test and at least 3 tests shall be conducted. NOTE The specification of the battens may include a reference to a national code of practice. 6
Test conditions Unless specified otherwise, the roofing tiles, fixings and the test frame shall be conditioned for at least
24 h in an environment of (20 ± 5) °C, and (60 ± 20) % relative humidity, prior to the test. The manner of storage shall not interfere with the free exchange of moisture from or into the materials. The test shall be conducted in the same conditions as the storage. NOTE If in practice, the moisture content of the battens is expected to be different from the standard conditions, and if it is expected that this may influence the test results, this should be taken into account; e.g. by testing under the appropriate conditions and recording the moisture content of the battens used. 7
Test material The test materials shall be randomly chosen from the
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.