EN ISO 17287:2003
(Main)Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Procedure for assessing suitability for use while driving (ISO 17287:2003)
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems - Procedure for assessing suitability for use while driving (ISO 17287:2003)
ISO 17287:2003 specifies a procedure for assessing whether specific TICS, or a combination of TICS with other in-vehicle systems, are suitable for use by drivers while driving. It addresses user-oriented TICS description and context of use, TICS task description and analysis, assessment process, and documentation.
The TICS description and context of use includes consideration of improper use, reasonably foreseeable misuse and TICS failure. The TICS description, analysis and assessment include a process for identifying and addressing suitability issues.
ISO 17287:2003 does not recommend specific variables for assessing suitability nor does it define criteria for establishing the suitability of use of a TICS Table while driving.
Straßenfahrzeuge -Ergonomische Aspekte von Fahrerinformations- und Assistenzsystemen - Verfahren zur Bewertung der Gebrauchstauglichkeit beim Führen eines Kraftfahrzeuges (ISO 17287:2003)
Diese Internationale Norm beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Bewertung der Eignung eines bestimmten Verkehrsinformations- und -Regelsystems (TICS) oder einer Kombination von TICS mit anderen Fahrzeugsystemen zur Benutzung durch den Fahrer während der Fahrt. Insbesondere behandelt sie:
¾ Anwenderorientierte TICS-Beschreibung und Einsatzbereich,
¾ Beschreibung und Analyse der TICS-Aufgaben,
¾ Bewertungsprozess und
¾ Dokumentation.
Die Beschreibung des TICS und seines Einsatzbereiches berücksichtigt auch den unsachgemäßen Gebrauch, den realistischerweise vorhersehbaren Fehlgebrauch und Systemfehler. Die Beschreibung, Analyse und Beurteilung von TICS beinhalten einen Prozess zur Identifizierung und Adressierung von Aspekten der Gebrauchstauglichkeit.
Diese Norm empfiehlt keine spezifischen Kenngrößen zur Bewertung der Gebrauchstauglichkeit, noch legt sie Kriterien fest für die Beurteilung der Gebrauchstauglichkeit einer TICS-Tabelle während der Fahrt.
Véhicules routiers - Aspects ergonomiques des systèmes de commande et d'information du transport - Procédure d'évaluation de leur adéquation pour une utilisation pendant la conduite (ISO 17287:2003)
L'ISO 17287:2003 spécifie une procédure permettant d'évaluer si des TICS spécifiques, ou une combinaison de TICS avec d'autres systèmes embarqués, sont adaptés à une utilisation par des conducteurs pendant la conduite. Elle aborde la description des TICS du point de vue de l'utilisateur, le contexte de leur utilisation, la description et l'analyse des tâches relatives à l'utilisation des TICS, la procédure d'évaluation, et la documentation.
La description des TICS et le contexte de leur utilisation comprend la prise en compte d'une utilisation inappropriée, les abus d'utilisation raisonnablement prévisibles et la défaillance des TICS. L'évaluation, l'analyse et la description des TICS comprennent l'identification et le traitement des questions d'adéquation.
L'ISO 17287:2003 ne recommande pas de variables spécifiques pour évaluer l'adéquation, ni ne définit de critères pour établir l'adéquation des TICS pour une utilisation pendant la conduite.
Cestna vozila - Ergonomski vidiki transportnih informacij in kontrolnih sistemov – Postopki za ocenjevanje primernosti uporabe med vožnjo (ISO 17287:2003)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2003
Cestna vozila - Ergonomski vidiki transportnih informacij in kontrolnih sistemov –
Postopki za ocenjevanje primernosti uporabe med vožnjo (ISO 17287:2003)
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems -
Procedure for assessing suitability for use while driving (ISO 17287:2003)
Straßenfahrzeuge -Ergonomische Aspekte von Fahrerinformations- und
Assistenzsystemen - Verfahren zur Bewertung der Gebrauchstauglichkeit beim Führen
eines Kraftfahrzeuges (ISO 17287:2003)
Véhicules routiers - Aspects ergonomiques des systemes de commande et d'information
du transport - Procédure d'évaluation de leur adéquation pour une utilisation pendant la
conduite (ISO 17287:2003)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 17287:2003
ICS:
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
43.040.30 Prikazovalne in kontrolne Indicating and control
naprave devices
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 17287
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2003
ICS 13.180; 43.040.15
English version
Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects of transport information and
control systems - Procedure for assessing suitability for use
while driving (ISO 17287:2003)
Véhicules routiers - Aspects ergonomiques des systèmes Straßenfahrzeuge -Ergonomische Aspekte von Fahrer-
de commande et d'information du transport - Procédure informations- und -assistenzsystemen - Verfahren zur
d'évaluation de leur adéquation pour une utilisation pendant Bewertung der Gebrauchstauglichkeit beim Führen eines
la conduite (ISO 17287:2003) Kraftfahrzeuges (ISO 17287:2003)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 March 2003.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 17287:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
CORRECTED 2003-07-16
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 17287:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22
"Road vehicles" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 278 "Road transport and
traffic telematics", the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2003, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2003.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 17287:2003 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 17287:2003 without any
modifications.
NOTE Normative references to International Standards are listed in Annex ZA (normative).
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their relevant European publications
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of
any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies (including amendments).
NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated
by (mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN Year
ISO 15005 2002 Road vehicles - Ergonomic EN ISO 15005 2002
aspects of transport information
and control systems - Dialogue
management principles and
compliance procedures
ISO 15008 2003 Road vehicles - Ergonomic aspects EN ISO 15008 2003
of transport information and control
systems - Specifications and
compliance procedures for in-
vehicle visual presentation
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17287
First edition
2003-04-01
Road vehicles — Ergonomic aspects of
transport information and control
systems — Procedure for assessing
suitability for use while driving
Véhicules routiers — Aspects ergonomiques des systèmes de
commande et d'information du transport — Procédure d'évaluation de
leur adéquation pour une utilisation pendant la conduite
Reference number
ISO 17287:2003(E)
©
ISO 2003
ISO 17287:2003(E)
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ii © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
ISO 17287:2003(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
0 Introduction . v
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
3.1 Terms and definitions related to suitability. 2
3.2 Other terms and definitions . 2
4 Requirements and recommendations. 5
4.1 Summary of requirements. 5
4.2 User-oriented TICS description and context of use . 5
4.3 Task description and analysis. 7
4.4 Assessment . 8
4.5 Documentation . 11
Annex A (informative) User-oriented TICS description — Examples. 12
Annex B (informative) TICS task descriptions — Examples. 15
Annex C (informative) Suitability assessment methods and variables . 18
Annex D (informative) Example individual assessments — Stages 2 to 6 . 26
Bibliography . 28
ISO 17287:2003(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 17287 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 13,
Ergonomics applicable to road vehicles.
iv © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
ISO 17287:2003(E)
0 Introduction
0.1 General
This International Standard arises from the increasing availability of transport information and control systems
(TICS) to support the driver in the primary driving tasks and in other secondary tasks. Drivers require ease of
use and high functionality and do not expect this to lead to unsafe driving situations (in use as intended by the
manufacturer, or during malfunction).
0.2 Assessment of suitability of TICS
The suitability of TICS is assessed on the basis of compatibility with the primary driving task and is concerned
with those aspects of usability which relate most closely to the driver’s performance. In particular, suitability
focuses on
interference (with the driving task),
controllability,
efficiency, and
ease of use while learning about the system.
The first three aspects (which are not necessarily mutually exclusive) relate closely to the primary driving task.
The fourth is also important, as some features of TICS may be used infrequently, or by drivers who are initially
unfamiliar with the systems. Other aspects of usability, such as satisfaction, are less important in assessing
the suitability of TICS for use while driving as they are more specific to individual manufacturers and their
product profiles, and do not relate so closely to the driver’s performance in undertaking the primary driving
task.
The importance of the four identified components in an overall assessment of suitability will vary between
TICS.
Suitability is a property of TICS and not of their components. It is assessed on the basis of the interaction
between the driver and the TICS within the driving environment, and suitability needs to take into account
driver’s behavioural adaptation induced by the TICS.
This International Standard concerns the process of assessment of a specific TICS product and is intended to
ensure that its suitability is considered, assessed and documented as part of the design and development
process. It does not attempt to prescribe all the actions that should be taken to assess or ensure suitability.
The scope and detail of an assessment is a matter for users of this document. Informative annexes provide
examples of aspects of the suitability assessment process.
0.3 Application
This International Standard is intended to assist the assessment of the suitability of TICS in advance of
widespread system deployment. It can be used when components from different suppliers are proposed or
assembled for use in the in-vehicle environment. The trend of integration of in-vehicle systems is likely to
increase the need to consider the impact of multiple and integrated in-vehicle systems and this document
could also be applicable to non-TICS functions.
ISO 17287:2003(E)
This International Standard is intended for use by manufacturers or by others concerned with assessing the
suitability of TICS for use while driving. It is assumed that the users will have some knowledge of automotive
human factors.
This International Standard can be used by manufacturers as part of their own quality processes. The design
and implementation of procedures to ensure that TICS suitability is assessed and documented will be
influenced by the varying needs of an organization, its objectives, the products and services supplied and
existing processes and practices employed.
It is not the purpose of this International Standard to enforce uniformity of TICS. It is independent of the type
of vehicle, complexity of TICS, level of integration within a vehicle or the specific TICS application or
implementation. It is applicable to all TICS, including, for example, those intended for use by drivers with
special needs.
vi © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17287:2003(E)
Road vehicles — Ergonomic aspects of transport information
and control systems — Procedure for assessing suitability for
use while driving
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a procedure for assessing whether specific TICS (transport information
and control systems), or a combination of TICS with other in-vehicle systems, are suitable for use by drivers
while driving. It addresses
user-oriented TICS description and context of use,
TICS task description and analysis,
the assessment process, and
documentation.
The TICS description and context of use includes consideration of improper use, reasonably foreseeable
misuse and TICS failure. The TICS description, analysis and assessment include a process for identifying and
addressing suitability issues.
This International Standard does not recommend specific variables for assessing suitability nor does it define
criteria for establishing the suitability of use of a TICS table while driving.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 15005, Road vehicles — Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems — Dialogue
management principles and compliance procedures
ISO 15008, Road vehicles — Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems —
Specifications and compliance procedures for in-vehicle visual presentation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO 17287:2003(E)
3.1 Terms and definitions related to suitability
3.1.1
suitability
degree to which TICS use is appropriate in the context of the driving environment based on compatibility with
the primary driving task
NOTE Suitability focuses on a subset of usability comprising
interference (with the driving task),
controllability,
efficiency, and
ease of use while learning about the TICS.
3.1.2
interference
adverse influence on the driver’s ability to deal with the vehicle and the environment
NOTE In this context, interference from the TICS is the opposite of driver support provided by the TICS.
3.1.3
controllability
manner and degree to which drivers can influence TICS function and pace of interaction
NOTE Control elements include initiation, termination, repetition, overriding, resuming, regulation (e.g. of level or
brightness) and adaptation.
3.1.4
efficiency
resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness with which drivers achieve intended
objectives
NOTE 1 Efficiency relates to situational awareness, mental effort, physical effort, sensory effort and stress.
NOTE 2 Resources include physical, mental and sensory capacities.
NOTE 3 Adapted from ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.3.
3.1.5
learning
acquiring knowledge and developing skills
3.2 Other terms and definitions
3.2.1
assessment
judgement of the actual and potential effect of a TICS in a “prospective” way, usually before widespread
deployment
3.2.2
behavioural adaptation
behaviour which may occur in response to changes to the road-vehicle–user system
2 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
ISO 17287:2003(E)
3.2.3
context of use
description of drivers, goals, tasks, equipment (hardware, software, materials) and the physical and social
environments in which the TICS are used
3.2.4
criterion
threshold or range of values of a variable to be met
3.2.5
workload
degree of mental, physical and perceptual effort required by a driver to undertake a particular task
3.2.6
environment
physical surroundings in which data is captured
EXAMPLE Real road, test track, simulator, laboratory.
3.2.7
failure
system state which results in TICS non-performance or TICS impaired performance (relative to the TICS
specification)
NOTE This is usually as a result of a hardware or software malfunction.
3.2.8
failure modes and effects analysis
FMEA
formal technique for listing ways in which a system can fail and estimating the probabilities and consequences
associated with each failure
3.2.9
HMI component
element or subsystem of a TICS with which the driver can interact while driving
EXAMPLE Visual display, control knob.
3.2.10
improper use
use of TICS functions while driving that are not intended by the manufacturer to be used while driving
3.2.11
intended use
TICS use while driving in accordance with specifications, instructions and information provided by the
manufacturer
3.2.12
manufacturer
organization or person designing, developing, integrating or supplying a TICS product
NOTE For original equipment supplied with a vehicle, the manufacturer is the vehicle manufacturer. For after-market
products, the manufacturer is the after-market supplier.
3.2.13
method
high-level approach to assessment, based on theory, which implies an underlying rationale in the choice of
assessment techniques
EXAMPLE Behavioural analysis, workload assessment, analysis of psycho-physiological responses.
ISO 17287:2003(E)
3.2.14
misuse
use of TICS functions intended by the manufacturer to be used while driving in a way or manner not intended
by the manufacturer and which may lead to adverse consequences
3.2.15
mode
specified sub-set of functions or behaviour pattern of a TICS
EXAMPLE Processing, data entry.
3.2.16
performance
skill demonstrated by the driver in a driving task or TICS-related task
3.2.17
primary driving task
those activities that the driver has to undertake to maintain longitudinal and lateral vehicle control within the
traffic environment
3.2.18
satisfaction
comfort and acceptability of use
3.2.19
task analysis
formal method used to describe and study the performance demands made on the human elements of a
system
3.2.20
technique
component of the method used to directly gather data
EXAMPLE Eye movement registration, subjective assessment, heart rate monitoring.
NOTE Use of a technique will provide one or more variables.
3.2.21
transport information and control system
TICS
single function, such as route guidance, or number of functions designed to work together as a system
[ISO 15005:2002, definition 3.25]
[1]
See ISO/TR 14813-1 for TICS services.
3.2.22
tool
means for obtaining one or more variables
NOTE Although a tool is often an item of equipment such as a video camera or accelerometer it can also be a
questionnaire or checklist.
3.2.23
usability
concept comprising the effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction with which specified users can achieve
specified goals in a particular environment
NOTE Adapted from ISO 9241-11:1998, definition 3.1.
4 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
ISO 17287:2003(E)
[2]
NOTE As well as effectiveness (see ISO 9241-11 ), efficiency and satisfaction, usability involves learnability,
controllability, interference and adaptability.
3.2.24
variable
metric or indicator giving a quantitative measure of driver behaviour
EXAMPLE Eye glance duration, vehicle speed.
NOTE A variable is independent of the tool used to measure it.
4 Requirements and recommendations
4.1 Summary of requirements
The assessed TICS shall be described in accordance with the following requirements (see Annex A).
a) The intended use of the TICS and the context of use shall be defined (see 4.2.2 to 4.2.4).
b) TICS functions that are not intended to be used while driving shall be identified (see 4.2.5.1).
c) Steps taken to prevent the use of functions not intended to be used while driving shall be described
(see 4.2.5.2).
d) Steps taken to prevent reasonably foreseeable misuse shall be described (see 4.2.5.3).
e) The way in which TICS failures will be apparent to the driver shall be described (see 4.2.6).
f) Suitability assessment shall take account of the intended use and context of use of the TICS (see 4.4.2).
g) Information concerning suitability, including assessment results, shall be recorded and documented
(see 4.5).
4.2 User-oriented TICS description and context of use
4.2.1 Introduction
The intended use of the TICS and the context of use shall be defined. This subclause provides a
recommended structure along with an explanation of the elements. An outline example is given in Annex A.
4.2.2 General description
Table 1 gives those elements that should be included in the general description of the TICS.
Table 1 — General TICS description
Aspect of description Explanation
Market A brief introductory description of the market for which the product is intended.
General function A brief “headline” description of the function performed by the system.
Technical context A brief résumé of current developments in the field including, particularly, comparisons with
existing systems.
Benefits A summary of the intended goals and benefits of system use. Where appropriate,
reference should be made to the three levels of the driving task (navigating, manoeuvring
and handling).
ISO 17287:2003(E)
4.2.3 Identification
Table 2 gives those elements that should be included in the identification of the TICS.
Table 2 — TICS identification
Aspect of description Explanation
Product name and version A one line description for identification purposes.
Manufacturer The name, address and contact points.
Subsystems A brief description of the subsystems to an appropriate level. HMI (human–machine
interface) components should receive greatest attention.
Build status A brief description of the state of development of the TICS for reference purposes.
Documentation A list of technical and user documentation included within the suitability assessment.
4.2.4 Context and restrictions for intended use
The context and restrictions can be regarded as “envelope of use”. Restrictions or limitations may be
particularly important for certain TICS functions. In these cases, the restrictions and limitations should be
given particular emphasis. A consideration of the driver’s needs, including his or her training needs, could be
helpful. Table 3 presents aspects of the context that should be considered.
Table 3 — Context and restrictions for intended TICS use
Aspect of description Explanation
Vehicle A description of the TICS requirements of a vehicle (e.g. physical devices, sensor signals
or other information). Also, any exclusions or restrictions on the vehicle within which the
TICS is intended to be used.
Driver If any restrictions or special driver skill requirements are defined by the manufacturer,
these should determine the intended user group considered within assessments.
Road A definition of the road context in which the TICS is, and is not, intended to be operated.
This includes the road category and physical requirements of road markings, gradients,
curvatures, widths, etc.
Traffic A description of the traffic context within which the TICS is, and is not, intended to be
operated (e.g. traffic mix and density).
Other environmental Additional requirements or restrictions could include weather and lighting specifications.
Infrastructure A general description of any infrastructure or information which is external to the vehicle
and required for the intended TICS operation.
4.2.5 Improper use and misuse
4.2.5.1 TICS functions that are not intended to be used while driving shall be identified. According to the
definition of intended use, this is the responsibility of the manufacturer of the TICS. The result should be a
clear distinction between functions intended to be used while driving and those not intended for use while
driving.
4.2.5.2 Steps taken to prevent the use of functions not intended to be used while driving shall be
described. Such improper use occurs when a function not intended to be used while driving is used by the
driver. As an example, suppose a mobile phone is not intended to be used without a hands-free car-adapter
kit. Steps taken to prevent the use of functions could include physical lock-outs or descriptions in the operating
manuals of the intended scope of TICS use and suitable warnings.
4.2.5.3 Steps taken to prevent reasonably foreseeable misuse shall be described. Misuse occurs when a
function intended to be used while driving is used by the driver in a way or manner not intended by the
manufacturer and which may lead to adverse consequences. Examples are using an ACC system as a
6 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
ISO 17287:2003(E)
collision warning system and using a large-scale map as a driving aid in fog. Steps taken to prevent
reasonably foreseeable misuse could include advice and warnings in the operating manual or warning
reminders placed inside the vehicle.
4.2.6 Failures
TICS failures should be identified. The way in which TICS failures will be apparent to the driver shall be
described. The consequences of failures on TICS operation should be considered. More detailed descriptions
may also be undertaken using techniques such as failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA).
4.2.7 Additional information
More detailed system descriptions may also be undertaken (e.g. state diagrams, transition diagrams).
Descriptions of interactions between the TICS and other vehicle systems may be generated (e.g. where there
are common or related HMI components).
4.3 Task description and analysis
The tasks that the driver is required to or likely to perform while interacting with the TICS should be defined.
Operations that the TICS performs should also be defined where this aids understanding of the driver’s task.
[3]
Various task analysis techniques exist in the human factors literature . A good starting point can be to
imagine one or more typical journeys, step-by-step.
The tasks should be defined in sufficient detail so as to be useful as a basis for assessment. The number of
hierarchical task levels that should be used will depend on the nature and complexity of the system. The tasks
should also be related to the different modes or phases of system use (set-up, destination entry, initiate call,
read email, etc.).
The list of tasks should take into account situations where there are different methods of task execution, for
example, a navigation destination which can be entered by spelling a name or via a list.
The frequency and priority of tasks should be identified. Tasks that are externally time-paced rather than
driver-paced should be identified.
The environment in which a specific task is likely to be performed should be identified if it differs from that
specified in 4.2.4, or if it is considered to have specific safety implications in that environment.
Table 4 presents a structure that may be used for TICS task description and analysis. Examples are provided
in Annex B.
Table 4 — TICS task description and analysis
Aspect of task description Explanation
First (top) level tasks A significant system task, such as route guidance destination entry.
Second level tasks The individual sub-tasks that are required to complete the first level task
(e.g. choice of city). Decomposition to further levels can be undertaken as
required for the assessment. Methods of task execution can be included.
Typical task frequency An indication of the frequency with which the sub-task is carried out (e.g.
once per journey or every manoeuvre).
Task priority (and time pacing) A qualitative description of the importance of the second level task for safety
and whether the driver input has to be provided within a specific time
interval. The time interval should also be estimated.
Exceptional environments or scenarios A space for comments concerning where there are situations of special
interest or difficulty for system related tasks to be completed, e.g. where two
manoeuvres are required in close succession.
ISO 17287:2003(E)
4.4 Assessment
4.4.1 When to assess
Assessment may take place at different stages of the product design life-cycle, including
specification,
development,
prototype,
manufacture, and
deployment.
Intermediate assessment results may influence the design and development process in an iterative manner.
4.4.2 Aspects to be assessed
Suitability assessment shall take account of the intended use and context of use of the TICS. Data gathered
during TICS description, context of use description, task description and task analysis should be used as a
source of information (see 4.2 and 4.3). A recommended assessment process is described below, but the
scope and detail of assessment is a matter for users of this International Standard.
Suitability focuses on
interference (with the driving task),
controllability,
efficiency, and
ease of use while learning about the system.
When assessing the overall suitability of a TICS for use while driving, aspects of TICS use which relate most
closely to safety should be given special attention. Specific examples include
the driver’s workload,
the driver’s performance of the driving task,
any behavioural adaptation induced by the TICS, and
how easily the driver learns about the system.
One approach is to identify aspects of TICS use which require high driver attention and to also identify
relevant and critical situations in which the TICS is intended to be used.
4.4.3 The assessment process
4.4.3.1 Introduction
An assessment process should be established which could be developed from the following seven-stage
scheme. Annex D contains examples of Stages 2 to 6.
8 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
ISO 17287:2003(E)
NOTE Numbers 1 to 7 correspond to the stages described in 4.4.3.2 to 4.4.3.8.
Figure 1 — Suitability assessment process
4.4.3.2 Stage 1 — Definition of assessment plan
The assessment plan should concern the overall suitability assessment of the TICS, which may be composed
of a series of individual assessments (a.n), involving different
TICS representations (see 4.4.3.3),
contexts of use (see 4.4.3.4),
criteria for assessing suitability (see 4.4.3.5), and
methods (see 4.4.3.6).
The assessment plan should consider resource allocation to the individual assessment tasks (Stages 2 to 6
and Stage 7) and contain an assessment schedule.
Inexperienced users or other safety concerns may necessitate conducting preliminary tests of the TICS under
controlled conditions. This could identify aspects of TICS performance needing improvement before the
undertaking of more detailed assessments.
ISO 17287:2003(E)
4.4.3.3 Stage 2 — Selection of TICS representation
This refers to two main choices, described in Table 5.
Table 5 — Aspects of TICS representation
Selection Explanation
Design cycle stage When in the TICS product design cycle (e.g. concept, prototype,
post-launch).
TICS component(s) The TICS or those of its subsystem(s), function(s) or mode(s)
being investigated.
4.4.3.4 Stage 3 — Definition of assessment context
With reference to the intended context of use, the context for an individual assessment should be defined. For
assessments based on calculation or modelling, the context is not relevant. For field trials, aspects of the
context could include
user population and sample profile,
vehicle, traffic and road characteristics,
ambient conditions (e.g. weather, day/night), and
specific or critical driving situations to be studied (e.g. approaching traffic congestion or approaching
traffic lights).
4.4.3.5 Stage 4 — Definition of assessment criteria
In this stage, the individual assessment should be “operationalized” by identifying specific variables (also
called metrics or indicators) to be measured as well as the criteria for success. See ISO 15008 for
presentation of visual information and ISO 15005 for dialogue management. The variables can provide
evidence concerning one or more aspects of suitability (e.g. controllability, learnability) and it could be useful
to specifically identify these.
4.4.3.6 Stage 5 — Selection of assessment method
The choice of assessment method (and the techniques and tools used) will depend on the variables identified
during Stage 4 (e.g. whether qualitative or quantitative data are required). Important factors for any method
will be its validity, reliability and sensitivity. The choice may also be influenced by a number of practical
factors, including equipment cost and availability, ease of use and time required. More information on this
stage is provided in Annex C.
4.4.3.7 Stage 6 — Performing assessment and analysing data
In this stage the actual assessment, data collection and preliminary data analysis should be performed. Apart
from the technical data collected or calculated, additional information as to when the assessment was
performed and who was involved in the process (e.g. whether the assessment was performed in-house or
externally, the qualifications and affiliations of the assessors) should also be provided.
4.4.3.8 Stage 7 — Interpretation of results
In this stage the results obtained from the individual assessment should be studied and compared with the
criteria identified in Stage 4.
10 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
ISO 17287:2003(E)
Results of an individual assessment should also be studied in context using results from other assessments of
the TICS. Repetition or redesign of tests, iteration through TICS design or reassessment of the assessment
plan could be required before an overall assessment of suitability can be made.
4.5 Documentation
Information concerning suitability, including assessment results, shall be recorded and documented. The level
of detail, content and format of the documentation is a matter for the party or parties using this International
Standard.
ISO 17287:2003(E)
Annex A
(informative)
User-oriented TICS description — Examples
A.1 Introduction
This annex is intended to provide additional information and illustrations. Inferences should not be drawn
about “good” or “bad” TICS products. Examples are not intended to represent a single TICS product, but
provide aspects of description drawn from different TICS.
The ellipsis (.) indicates where more detail could be provided.
A.2 General description
See Table A.1.
Table A.1 — General TICS description
Aspect of description Example
Market A low-cost system to be sold through motorist accessory stores designed to appeal
particularly to independent professional minicab drivers.
General function
Route guidance to user-defined destinations using real-time updates of local traffic
conditions from radio broadcasts .
State of the art Car radios with RDS-TMC functionality are widely available .
Navigation products which operate autonomously are commercially available from .
This product is a development of the previous product Nav-Screen which incorporates .
The system is operated in the same way as the Nav-Screen but .
Benefits To assist drivers in re-routing using traffic information. To make driving decisions easier
and more reliable. To reduce travel times.
A.3 TICS Identification
See Table A.2.
Table A.2 — TICS identification
Aspect of description Example
Product name and version Trav-Nav 2000
Manufacturer Car-Pleasure Corporation
... address ...
Marketing Manager: J.T. Preview. Phone: ., Fax: .
Subsystems Telephone handset: Manufacturer ABC Code 346
LCD display: Grund 400
...
Build status Prototype IV. Serial No. 00203
Documentation Packaging, video tape and user manual
12 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
ISO 17287:2003(E)
A.4 Context and restrictions for intended TICS use
See Table A.3.
Table A.3 — Context and restrictions for intended TICS use
Aspect of description Example
Vehicle Saloon cars or delivery trucks. Not suitable for use with metalled windscreens. Not
designed for vehicle speeds less than 60 km/h. .
Driver
All able-bodied drivers
Professional taxi driver
Requires knowledge of . computer system
Road Inter-urban roads of carriageway width > 3,2 m. Road curvature not less than 500 m.
Traffic All mixed traffic but not intended in traffic of speed less than 60 km/h. Cyclists are not
detected by the TICS.
Other environmental
Does not work in rain (precipitation > . /hour)
Intended for use only when visibility < 50 m
Requires daylight or ambient illumination > .
Provider infrastructure
Requires GPS signals and RDS-TMC service over FM
Requires roadside beacons .
Requires leaky coax of specification .
A.5 Improper use and misuse
See Tables A.4 and A.5.
Table A.4 — TICS improper use and prevention
Function not intended for Example of prevention
use while driving
Handheld telephone use Vehicle motion sensor disconnects handset (and switches to hands-free speaking option).
while driving
Complex destination entry This is inoperable when the vehicle is moving and is detected by a wheel rotation sensor.
by individual character
selection
Table A.5 — TICS misuse and prevention
Potential misuse Example of prevention
Excessive visual attention to Road safety advice warning displayed when system is first switched on. Also warning in
in-vehicle screen driver’s manual.
ACC engaged by driver Vehicle decelerates to ACC design speed maximum of 160 km/h.
above design speed
ISO 17287:2003(E)
A.6 Failures
See Table A.6.
Table A.6 — TICS failures and consequences
Failure Example of how failure is apparent to driver Consequences for driver
ACC sensor lens dirty No ACC function
1) Text message: “ACC sensor dirty”
Maintenance by the driver is possible
2) Telltale
3) No ACC function
Subsystem failure (e.g. No ACC function
1) No ACC function
processor, sensor)
Repair required
2) Telltale
3) Auditory message “ACC unavailable”
when selected by driver
NOTE Additional information concerning failures can be provided.
14 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved
ISO 17287:2003(E)
Annex B
(informative)
TICS task descriptions — Examples
See Tables B.1 to B. 3.
Table B.1 — Example adaptive cruise control tasks
Second level tasks Typical task frequency
First (top) Task priority Exceptional environments or
level tasks (and time scenarios
pacing)
a) Set ACC 1) Set speed by A few times per trip High
Within ACC design limits
accelerator pedal (driver-paced)
(minimum speed, highways,
2) Set speed by A few times per trip High
weather)
control lever (driver-paced)
3) Set headway
Infrequent, or not at all if High Changing weather conditions or
function is not available (driver-paced) road conditions
4) Resume ACC Depending on traffic High
conditions(1 to (driver-paced)
10 times/hour)
b) Switch off 1) Driver switches Infrequent High End of highway or end of trip
ACC off by control button (driver-paced)
2) Driver brakes Regularly High
(driver-paced)
3) System switch off Infrequent
High Depending on switch off
(system-paced) condition (e.g. speed, headway)
4) Failure mode Rare event High Driver is to take over
(system-paced)
c) ACC 1) Increase set Depending on traffic Medium Speed limits, road inclination,
driving speed conditions traffic flow, weather conditions
(1 to 10 times/hour)
2) Decrease set Medium
speed
Low
3) Increase set Depending on weather or
headway
driving condition
(1
...
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