IEC 60445:2021
(Main)Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
IEC 60445:2021 is available as IEC 60445:2021 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 60445:2021 applies to the identification and marking of terminals of electrical equipment such as resistors, fuses, relays, contactors, transformers, rotating machines and, wherever applicable, to combinations of such equipment (e.g. assemblies), and also applies to the identification of terminations of certain designated conductors. It also provides general rules for the use of certain colours or alphanumeric notations to identify conductors with the aim of avoiding ambiguity and ensuring safe operation. These conductor colours or alphanumeric notations are intended to be applied in cables or cores, busbars, electrical equipment and installations. This basic safety publication is primarily intended for use by technical committees in the preparation of standards in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
IEC 60445:2021 cancels and replaces the sixth edition published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) the definitions have been aligned with IEC 60050-195:2021 and IEC 60050-826;
b) the provisions for colour to be used for identification of certain designated conductors are made requirements and not only recommendations;
c) introduction of a new subclause on marking of protective terminals for multiple power supply inputs on equipment.
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces hommes-machines, le marquage et l’identification - Identification des bornes de matériels, des extrémités de conducteurs et des conducteurs
IEC 60445:2021 est disponible sous forme de IEC 60445:2021 RLV qui contient la Norme internationale et sa version Redline, illustrant les modifications du contenu technique depuis l'édition précédente.
L'IEC 60445:2021 s’applique à l’identification et au marquage des bornes de matériels électriques, tels que résistances, coupe-circuits à fusibles, relais, contacteurs, transformateurs, machines tournantes et, chaque fois que cela est possible, à des combinaisons de tels matériels (par exemple des ensembles). Il s’applique également à l’identification des extrémités de certains conducteurs désignés. Il prévoit également des règles générales concernant l’utilisation de certaines couleurs ou de certains caractères alphanumériques pour identifier les conducteurs dans le but d’éviter toute ambiguïté et d’assurer la sécurité de fonctionnement. Ces couleurs et caractères alphanumériques destinés aux conducteurs sont prévus pour être appliqués aux noyaux, aux barres omnibus et aux matériels électriques, ainsi qu’aux câbles ou installations. La présente publication fondamentale de sécurité axée sur les exigences de sécurité essentielles est principalement destinée à être utilisée par les comités d’études lors de l’élaboration des normes conformément aux principes énoncés dans le Guide 104 de l’IEC et le Guide ISO/IEC 51.
L'IEC 60445:2021 annule et remplace la sixième édition parue en 2017. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l’édition précédente:
a) les définitions ont été harmonisées avec l’IEC 60050-195:2021 et l’IEC 60050-826;
b) les dispositions relatives aux couleurs à utiliser pour l’identification de certains conducteurs désignés sont à présent des exigences et ne sont plus de simples recommandations;
c) introduction d’un nouveau paragraphe sur le marquage des bornes de protection pour des entrées d’alimentation multiples sur un matériel.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 60445 ®
Edition 7.0 2021-07
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and
identification – Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations
and conductors
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC online collection - oc.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced have access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.
Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and
and French, with equivalent terms in 18 additional languages.
once a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
IEC 60445 ®
Edition 7.0 2021-07
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and
identification – Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations
and conductors
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 01.080.20; 13.110; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-4189-9
– 2 – IEC 60445:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references. 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Methods of identification . 10
5 Application of identification means . 11
6 Identification by colours . 11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Use of single colours . 12
6.2.1 Permitted colours The use of the single colours GREEN and YELLOW . 12
6.2.2 Neutral or mid-point conductor . 12
6.2.3 Line conductor in AC system . 12
6.2.4 Line conductor in DC system . 12
6.2.5 Functional earthing conductor . 12
6.3 Use of bi-colour combinations . 13
6.3.1 Permitted colours . 13
6.3.2 Protective conductor . 13
6.3.3 PEN conductor . 13
6.3.4 PEL conductor . 14
6.3.5 PEM conductor . 14
6.3.6 Protective bonding conductor . 14
7 Identification by alphanumeric notation . 14
7.1 General . 14
7.2 Equipment terminal identification – Marking principles . 15
7.3 Identification of certain designated conductors . 17
7.3.1 General . 17
7.3.2 Neutral conductor . 17
7.3.3 Protective conductor . 18
7.3.4 PEN conductor . 18
7.3.5 PEL conductor . 18
7.3.6 PEM conductor . 18
7.3.7 Protective bonding conductor . 18
7.3.8 Functional earthing conductor . 18
7.3.9 Functional bonding conductor . 18
7.3.10 Mid-point conductor . 18
7.3.11 Line conductor . 18
7.3.12 System-referencing-conductor . 19
Annex A (informative) Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used
for identification of conductors and terminals . 20
Annex B (informative) List of notes concerning particular conditions in certain
countries . 22
Bibliography . 28
Figure 1 – Single element with two terminals . 15
Figure 2 – Single element with four terminals: Two endpoints and two intermediate
points . 15
Figure 3 – Three-phase equipment with six terminals . 16
Figure 4 – Three-element equipment with twelve terminals: Six endpoints and six
intermediate points . 16
Figure 5 – Equipment with groups of elements . 17
Figure 6 – Interconnection of equipment terminals and certain designated conductors . 17
Table A.1 – Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used for
identification of conductors and terminals . 20
– 4 – IEC 60445:2021 RLV © IEC 2021
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS,
CONDUCTOR TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This redline version of the official IEC Standard allows the user to identify the changes made to
the previous edition IEC 60445:2017. A vertical bar appears in the margin wherever a change has
been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text.
IEC 60445 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 3: Documentation, graphical symbols
and representations of technical information. It is an International Standard.
It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104.
This seventh edition cancels and replaces the sixth edition published in 2017. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) the definitions have been aligned with IEC 60050-195:2021 and IEC 60050-826:— ;
b) the provisions for colour to be used for identification of certain designated conductors are
made requirements and not only recommendations;
c) introduction of a new subclause on marking of protective terminals for multiple power supply
inputs on equipment.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
3/1491/FDIS 3/1517/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
The reader's attention is draw
...
IEC 60445 ®
Edition 7.0 2021-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and
identification – Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations
and conductors
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces homme-machine,
le marquage et l’identification – Identification des bornes de matériels,
des extrémités de conducteurs et des conducteurs
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et
les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des
questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform IEC online collection - oc.iec.ch
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical publications previews. With a subscription you will always have
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, replaced access to up to date content tailored to your needs.
and withdrawn publications.
Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published
containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and once
and French, with equivalent terms in 18 additional languages.
a month by email.
Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need
further assistance, please contact the Customer Service
Centre: sales@iec.ch.
A propos de l'IEC
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (IEC) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.
A propos des publications IEC
Le contenu technique des publications IEC est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez l’édition la
plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.
Recherche de publications IEC - Découvrez notre puissant moteur de recherche et consultez
webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform gratuitement tous les aperçus des publications. Avec un
La recherche avancée permet de trouver des publications IEC abonnement, vous aurez toujours accès à un contenu à jour
en utilisant différents critères (numéro de référence, texte, adapté à vos besoins.
comité d’études, …). Elle donne aussi des informations sur les
projets et les publications remplacées ou retirées. Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
Le premier dictionnaire d'électrotechnologie en ligne au monde,
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished
avec plus de 22 000 articles terminologiques en anglais et en
Restez informé sur les nouvelles publications IEC. Just
français, ainsi que les termes équivalents dans 16 langues
Published détaille les nouvelles publications parues.
additionnelles. Egalement appelé Vocabulaire
Disponible en ligne et une fois par mois par email.
Electrotechnique International (IEV) en ligne.
Service Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc
Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette
publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous:
sales@iec.ch.
IEC online collection - oc.iec.ch
IEC 60445 ®
Edition 7.0 2021-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SÉCURITÉ
Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and
identification – Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations
and conductors
Principes fondamentaux et de sécurité pour les interfaces homme-machine,
le marquage et l’identification – Identification des bornes de matériels,
des extrémités de conducteurs et des conducteurs
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 01.080.20; 13.110; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-9921-0
– 2 – IEC 60445:2021 © IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references. 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Methods of identification . 10
5 Application of identification means . 10
6 Identification by colours . 11
6.1 General . 11
6.2 Use of single colours . 11
6.2.1 The use of the single colours GREEN and YELLOW . 11
6.2.2 Neutral or mid-point conductor . 12
6.2.3 Line conductor in AC system . 12
6.2.4 Line conductor in DC system . 12
6.2.5 Functional earthing conductor . 12
6.3 Use of bi-colour combinations . 12
6.3.1 Permitted colours . 12
6.3.2 Protective conductor . 12
6.3.3 PEN conductor . 13
6.3.4 PEL conductor . 13
6.3.5 PEM conductor . 14
6.3.6 Protective bonding conductor . 14
7 Identification by alphanumeric notation . 14
7.1 General . 14
7.2 Equipment terminal identification – Marking principles . 14
7.3 Identification of certain designated conductors . 17
7.3.1 General . 17
7.3.2 Neutral conductor . 17
7.3.3 Protective conductor . 17
7.3.4 PEN conductor . 17
7.3.5 PEL conductor . 17
7.3.6 PEM conductor . 17
7.3.7 Protective bonding conductor . 17
7.3.8 Functional earthing conductor . 18
7.3.9 Functional bonding conductor . 18
7.3.10 Mid-point conductor . 18
7.3.11 Line conductor . 18
7.3.12 System-referencing-conductor . 18
Annex A (informative) Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used
for identification of conductors and terminals . 19
Annex B (informative) List of notes concerning particular conditions in certain
countries . 21
Bibliography . 26
Figure 1 – Single element with two terminals . 15
Figure 2 – Single element with four terminals: Two endpoints and two intermediate
points . 15
Figure 3 – Three-phase equipment with six terminals . 15
Figure 4 – Three-element equipment with twelve terminals: Six endpoints and six
intermediate points . 16
Figure 5 – Equipment with groups of elements . 16
Figure 6 – Interconnection of equipment terminals and certain designated conductors . 17
Table A.1 – Colours, alphanumeric notations and graphical symbols used for
identification of conductors and terminals . 19
– 4 – IEC 60445:2021 © IEC 2021
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
BASIC AND SAFETY PRINCIPLES FOR MAN-MACHINE
INTERFACE, MARKING AND IDENTIFICATION –
IDENTIFICATION OF EQUIPMENT TERMINALS,
CONDUCTOR TERMINATIONS AND CONDUCTORS
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC it
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.