ISO/TS 3736-1:2022

Digital fitting - Service process - Part 1: Ready-to-wear clothing online and offline

This document describes an online and offline service process applicable to the distribution of ready-to-wear clothing using a virtual human body, virtual garments and fitting. This document provides guidance to service providers, including online and offline retailers and 3D shopping platform developers to set up a service process for the distribution of ready-to-wear clothing using a virtual human body, virtual garments and fitting. This document does not specify software functions, algorithms, and commercialization related to the simulation.

Habillage virtuel — Processus de service — Partie 1: Habillement prêt-à-porter en ligne et hors ligne

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Aug-2022
• ICS: 35.240.99 - IT applications in other fields
• ICS: 61.020 - Clothes
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 133 - Clothing sizing systems - size designation, size measurement methods and digital fittings
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 133/WG 2 - Digital Fitting
• Current Stage: 9060 - Close of review
• Completion Date: 04-Mar-2029

Relations

• Consolidated By: ISO/IEC 17007 - Conformity assessment - Guidance for drafting normative documents suitable for use for conformity assessment
• Effective Date: 23-Mar-2024

Overview

ISO/TS 3736-1:2022 - "Digital fitting - Service process - Part 1: Ready-to-wear clothing online and offline" defines a service-process framework for delivering digital fitting and size-recommendation services using a virtual human body and virtual garments. It is guidance for platform service providers, online/offline retailers and 3D shopping platform developers on how to set up end-to-end ready-to-wear shopping services that include avatar creation, virtual garment simulation and presentation to customers. The specification explicitly does not prescribe software functions, algorithms or commercialization models.

Key topics and requirements

• Service process flow: Preparation (database of virtual bodies and garment data) → Customer visit (online or offline) → Create/retrieve virtual human body → Select item → Digital fitting or size recommendation → Evaluate fit → Purchase decision.
• Virtual human body models:
  • Virtual clone: created by 3D body scanning (measurement equipment).
  • Virtual twin: created from body dimensions (height, bust, chest, waist, hip, inside leg, etc. - per ISO 8559‑1 measurement conventions).
  • Option to select and modify representative body types from a database.
• Digital fitting outputs: qualitative/quantitative evaluation of fit using garment balance, gaps between body and garment, cross-sections, heat maps or surface wrinkle indicators (conceptual outputs; simulation algorithms not specified).
• Equipment and UX elements: measurement equipment (3D scanners, smart tape), display devices (smart mirrors, tablets, mobile phones, PCs) are referenced as optional but typical components.
• Data management: platform databases should store virtual human bodies, virtual garment characteristics and size data to support retrieval and repeat visits.

Applications and who uses it

• Online retailers and marketplaces: implement size recommendation and virtual try-on to reduce returns and improve conversion.
• Brick-and-mortar stores: deploy virtual mirrors or kiosks for in-store digital fitting experiences.
• 3D shopping platform developers & SaaS vendors: design service workflows and data schemas that align with the ISO process model.
• Apparel brands and product teams: integrate virtual garment data and size tables to present consistent fit guidance.
• Measurement equipment vendors and UX designers: ensure capture workflows and display devices fit the described process.

Practical benefits include improved size accuracy, fewer returns, faster purchase decisions and a consistent omnichannel customer experience.

Related standards

• ISO 18163 (virtual garment terms and simulation concepts)
• ISO 18825‑1 (virtual human body classifications)
• ISO 8559‑1 (body measurement methods)

Keywords: ISO/TS 3736-1:2022, digital fitting, virtual human body, virtual garment, ready-to-wear, size recommendation, 3D shopping platform, virtual try-on.

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 3736-1
First edition
2022-08
Digital fitting — Service process —
Part 1:
Ready-to-wear clothing online and
offline
Habillage virtuel — Processus de service —
Partie 1: Habillement prêt-à-porter en ligne et hors ligne
Reference number
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
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Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 General terms . 1
3.2 Terms relating to users of distribution channels . 2
3.3 Terms relating to equipment for distribution channels . 3
4 Service process . 3
4.1 General . 3
4.2 Platform service provider - Preparation phase. 4
4.3 Distribution channel visit . 4
4.4 Creation or retrieval of a virtual human body . 4
4.4.1 General . 4
4.4.2 Creation of a virtual human body . 4
4.4.3 Retrieval of a virtual human body . 5
4.5 Selection of ready-to-wear clothing item for digital fitting or size recommendation . 5
4.6 Evaluation of the digital fitting result or size recommendation . 6
4.6.1 Evaluation of the digital fitting result . 6
4.6.2 Customer's purchase decision by digital fitting or size recommendation . 7
4.7 Digital fitting item change . 7
4.8 Purchase decision . 7
Bibliography . 8
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/
iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 133, Clothing sizing systems - size
designation, size measurement methods and digital fittings.
A list of all parts in the ISO/TS 3736 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
The activation of online commerce, the utilization of personal media devices and new IT developments
has rapidly expanded the ubiquitous fashion market. Fashion shopping can be characterized by the
act of consumers buying clothing online and offline without actually trying on the products. In offline
markets, technologies such as virtual mirrors and touch screen monitors help enable this process.
While the growth of the fashion market is welcomed by both consumers and the industry, it also has a
major issue: the number of consumer exchanges and returns due to size and fit problems in the ready-
to-wear fashion industry.
Solving this problem will be very helpful to the fashion market as consumers purchasing has increased
extensively via online and offline platforms. To solve the problem of sizing, the ready -to-wear market
needs online and offline digital fitting service standards using virtual human body and virtual
garments for commercial application.
v
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 3736-1:2022(E)
Digital fitting — Service process —
Part 1:
Ready-to-wear clothing online and offline
1 Scope
This document describes an online and offline service process applicable to the distribution of ready-
to-wear clothing using a virtual human body, virtual garments and fitting.
This document provides guidance to service providers, including online and offline retailers and 3D
shopping platform developers to set up a service process for the distribution of ready-to-wear clothing
using a virtual human body, virtual garments and fitting.
This document does not specify software functions, algorithms, and commercialization related to the
simulation.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 General terms
3.1.1
virtual human body
virtual human model for digital fitting of clothing sizing systems in the apparel industry, including
information such as size, shape, cross section, body texture and skeletal structure
Note 1 to entry: Also called “fashion avatar”. In computing, an avatar is the graphical representation of the user
or the user’s alter ego or character.
Note 2 to entry: The virtual human body is classified into two key types: virtual clone (or virtual shape, see
ISO 18825-1:2016, 2.1.1.2.1) and virtual twin (or virtual size, see ISO 18825-1:2016, 2.1.1.2.2).
[SOURCE: ISO 18825-1: 2016, 2.1.1.2, modified — "of clothing sizing systems" added to the definition.]
3.1.2
virtual garment
three-dimensional clothing in digital form that exists in virtual space
[SOURCE: ISO 18163:2016, 2.1.3, modified — Note to entry deleted.]
3.1.3
digital fitting
qualitative and/or quantitative evaluation of overall and/or specific simulation of garment fit through
the analysis of the garment balance, gap between body and garment (which includes cross sections),
heat map, surface wrinkles, etc.
Note 1 to entry: Digital fitting may be used for many different areas of application of virtual garments such as
product development, marketing, etc.
[SOURCE: ISO 18163:2016, 2.1.5]
3.1.4
virtual garment simulation
creation and drape simulation of a virtual garment for a virtual human body using a virtual garment
pattern, virtual sewing and bounding volume
[SOURCE: ISO 18163:2016, 2.1.4, modified — Note to entry deleted.]
3.1.5
ready-to-wear clothing shopping service using a virtual human body
process of a purchase decision without actually fitting the ready-to-wear garment in person but by
digital fitting (3.1.3) a virtual garment (3.1.2) on a virtual human body (3.1.1)
Note 1 to entry: It is a service process that provides an ex
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