ISO 11074
(Main)Soil quality — Vocabulary
Soil quality — Vocabulary
Qualité du sol — Vocabulaire
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International
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ISO/FDIS 11074
ISO/TC 190
Soil quality — Vocabulary
Secretariat: DIN
Qualité du sol — Vocabulaire
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Reference number
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en) © ISO 2024
FINAL DRAFT
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
International
Standard
ISO/FDIS 11074
ISO/TC 190
Soil quality — Vocabulary
Secretariat: DIN
Qualité du sol — Vocabulaire
Voting begins on:
Voting terminates on:
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2024
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en) © ISO 2024
ii
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Annex A (informative) Relationships between sampling operations .60
Bibliography .62
iii
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, in collaboration with
the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 444, Environmental
characterization of solid matrices, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO
and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 11074:2015), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 11074:2015/Amd 1:2020.
The main changes are as follows:
— terminological entries have been reorganised with all the terms and definitions placed in Clause 3 in
alphabetical order;
— terms that have different definitions depending on the context have been grouped, and the domain field
has been added in angle brackets to differentiate them.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
Introduction
This document defines soil quality terms. The previous editions (ISO 11074:2015 and ISO 11074/Amd 1:2020)
presented terms and definitions in separate clauses to differentiate the terms about e.g. sampling,
remediation. This became more and more artificial, since soil quality experts with different expertise need
to work closely together and there is a greater need for one term list instead of multiple ones, where experts
first need to find out in which clause a specific term is located. In this edition, all the terms are included in
Clause 3.
For some terms, there are different definitions, depending on the context. These terms are presented after
each other, with the differentiating domains between brackets: . Often these are a general domain
and a specific domain, resulting in different definitions.
Though the terms apply to all other ISO/TC 190 soil quality standards, this document does not cover all the
terms used in ISO/TC 190 soil quality standards.
New and revised standards are published continuously though time. The revision periods of soil quality
standards differ. That means that definitions of the same terms can be different in specific soil quality
standard and in this document.
NOTE For general terms relating to quality, see ISO 9000.
v
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
Soil quality — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines terms used in the field of soil quality.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
abandoned hazardous site
hazardous site (3.201) left by the owner or other responsible party in unmanaged condition
3.2
abandoned industrial site
industrial site (3.443) left by the owner or other responsible party in unmanaged condition
3.3
abandoned potentially hazardous site
site (3.443), left by the owner or other responsible party in unmanaged condition, whose history leads to a
suspicion that it can be hazardous
3.4
abandoned waste disposal site
waste disposal site (3.443) left by the owner or other responsible party in unmanaged condition
3.5
abiotic decomposition
decomposition (3.113) by physical and/or chemical processes (e.g. photolysis, hydrolysis (3.211), oxidation
(3.305), and reduction (3.373))
3.6
abiotic degradation
degradation (3.116) by physical and/or chemical processes
3.7
above-ground sampling
process of taking samples (3.398) from material that has been deposited on the ground surface
EXAMPLE Samples are taken from a stockpile (3.496) (including bulk volumes (3.64) of excavated soils (3.154)),
deposit of waste or embankment (see ISO 18400-104:2018).
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
3.8
accumulation
increase of the concentration (3.86) of a substance in soil due to the fact that the substance input (3.508) is
larger than the substance output (3.509)
Note 1 to entry: Substance output includes material which is degraded.
3.9
active protective measure
process designed, for example, to control groundwater (3.191) or gas migration (3.178)
EXAMPLE Pumped water extraction or gas extraction system.
3.10
active soil gas sampling
sampling (3.410) by extracting a certain volume of soil gas (3.454)
3.11
actual increment size
amount of material that is present in an increment (3.218)
3.12
actual sample size
amount of material that is present in the sample (3.398)
3.13
aerobic
descriptive of a condition with molecular oxygen available
3.14
aerobic biological treatment
biological treatment (3.46) in the presence of oxygen
3.15
aftercare management
measures applied on completion of remedial works or as an integral part of a containment (3.90) strategy to
ensure continued effectiveness (3.142) over the long term
3.16
aggressive soil conditions
soil conditions potentially damaging to buildings and construction materials
3.17
air-sparging
introduction of air under pressure into the groundwater (3.191)
3.18
aliphatic hydrocarbon
acyclic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated carbon compound, excluding aromatic compounds
3.19
aliquot
known amount of a homogeneous (3.204) material, assumed to be taken with negligible sampling error (3.413)
Note 1 to entry: The term is usually applied to fluids.
3.20
ammonification
microbial degradation (3.116) of organic nitrogen to ammonia
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
3.21
amplicon
DNA or RNA fragment obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (3.330) from a template
3.22
anaerobic
descriptive of a condition in which molecular oxygen is not available
3.23
anaerobic biological treatment
biological treatment (3.46) in the absence of gaseous or soluble oxygen
3.24
anaerobic transformation
reaction occurring under exclusion of oxygen (reducing (3.372) condition)
Note 1 to entry: These generally occur when the redox potential (Eh) is less than 200 mV.
3.25
analytical and testing strategy
plan comprising the samples (3.398) to be analysed or tested, the parameters to be measured, sample
preparation methods, and the analytical or testing methods to be employed
Note 1 to entry: There should be associated quality assurance methods.
3.26
analytical sample
portion of material, resulting from the original sample (3.398) or composite sample (3.83) (3.84) by means of
an appropriate method of sample pretreatment (3.402) and having the size (volume/mass) necessary for the
desired testing or analysis
3.27
anisotropy
property of a soil or other volume of material to have different spatial variation structures depending on
direction and distance
Note 1 to entry: Usually illustrated in a variogram (3.566).
3.28
anthropogenic change
influence on soil properties caused by human activities
3.29
anthropogenic concentration
concentration (3.86) of a substance in a soil resulting from anthropogenic origin
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 19204:2017.
3.30
anthropogenic ground
deposits which have accumulated through human activity
Note 1 to entry: These can consist of natural materials placed/replaced by man (e.g. clay) or man-made materials
(e.g. refuse).
Note 2 to entry: See ISO 18400-104:2018.
3.31
aromatic hydrocarbon
hydrocarbon (3.210) of which the molecular structure incorporates one or more planar sets of six carbon
atoms that are connected by delocalized electrons, numbering the same as if they consisted of alternating
single and double covalent bonds
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
3.32
assessment criteria
criteria set up to help decide if a site (3.443) requires further investigation or other action (e.g. remediation
(3.380))
Note 1 to entry: The assessment criteria aid in interpreting the results of a quantitative risk (3.393) or other
assessment.
Note 2 to entry: For risk assessments (3.395), assessment criteria are often threshold (3.534) values for doses (3.131)
or media concentrations (3.86), such as tolerable daily intake, tolerable air, water, and soil concentrations set by
international, national, or local authorities.
3.33
available water capacity
soil water (3.479) content usable by plants based on the effective root penetration depth
Note 1 to entry: The usable field capacity (3.166)
...
ISO/TC 190
Date: 2024-08-14
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(E)
ISO/TC 190
Secretariat: DIN
Date: 2024-10-22
Soil quality — Vocabulary
Qualité du sol — Vocabulaire
FDIS stage
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerand
Tel.Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
www.iso.org
iii
ISO #####-#:####(X/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Annex A (informative) Relationships between sampling operations . 67
Bibliography . 70
Foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Annex A (informative) Relationships between sampling operations . 69
Bibliography . 71
iv © ISO #### 2024 – All rights reserved
iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available
at www.iso.org/patents. www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality., in collaboration with the
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 444, Environmental
characterization of solid matrices, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO
and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 11074:2015), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Amendment ISO 11074:2015/Amd .1:2020.
The main changes are as follows:
— — terminological entries have been reorganised with all the terms and definitions placed
in Clause 3Clause 3 in alphabetical order.;
— — for some terms there arethat have different definitions, depending on the context. The context of these
terms is presented directly after have been grouped, and the term itself.domain field has been added in
angle brackets to differentiate them.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.htmlwww.iso.org/members.html.
v
ISO #####-#:####(X/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
Introduction
This document defines soil quality terms. The previous editions (ISO 11074:2015
and ISO 11074/Amd .1:2020) presented terms and definitions in separate clauses to differentiate the terms
about e.g. sampling, remediation. This became more and more artificial, since soil quality experts with
different expertise need to work closely together and there is a greater need for one term list instead of
multiple ones, where experts first mustneed to find out in which clause a specific term is located. In this
edition, all the terms are included in Clause 3.Clause 3.
For some terms, there are different definitions, depending on the context. These terms are presented after
each other, with the differentiating domains between brackets: . Often these are a general domain
and a specific domain, resulting in different definitions.
Though the terms apply to all other ISO/TC 190 soil quality standards, this document does not cover all the
terms used in ISO/TC 190 soil quality standards.
New and revised standards are published continuously though time. The revision periods of soil quality
standards deferdiffer. That means that definitions of the same terms can be different in specific soil quality
standard and in this document.
NOTE For general terms relating to quality, see ISO 9000.
vi © ISO #### 2024 – All rights reserved
vi
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
Soil quality — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This document defines terms used in the field of soil quality.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obphttps://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 3.1
abandoned hazardous site
hazardous site (3.201)(3.201) left by the owner or other responsible party in unmanaged condition
3.2 3.2
abandoned industrial site
industrial site (3.443) left by the owner or other responsible party in unmanaged condition
3.3 3.3
abandoned potentially hazardous site
site,site (3.443), left by the owner or other responsible party in unmanaged condition, whose history leads to
a suspicion that it can be hazardous
3.4 3.4
abandoned waste disposal site
waste disposal site (3.443) left by the owner or other responsible party in unmanaged condition
3.5 3.5
abiotic decomposition
decomposition (3.113)(3.113) by physical and/or chemical processes [(e.g. photolysis, hydrolysis (3.211),
(3.211), oxidation (3.305), (3.305), and reduction (3.373)] (3.373))
3.6 3.6
abiotic degradation
degradation (3.116)(3.116) by physical and/or chemical processes
3.7 3.7
above-ground sampling
process of taking samples (3.398)(3.398) from material that has been deposited on the ground surface
EXAMPLE Samples are taken from a stockpile (3.496) [(3.496) (including bulk volumes (3.64) (3.64) of excavated
soils (3.154)], (3.154)), deposit of waste or embankment. [15] (see ISO 18400-104:2018).
i1
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
3.8 3.8
accumulation
increase of the concentration (3.86)(3.86) of a substance in soil due to the fact that the substance input (3.508)
(3.508) is larger than the substance output (3.509)(3.509)
Note 1 to entry: Substance output includes material which is degraded substances.
3.9 3.9
active protective measure
process designed, for example, to control groundwater (3.191) (3.191) or gas migrations (3.178)migration
(3.178)
EXAMPLE Pumped water extraction or gas extraction system.
3.10 3.10
active soil -gas sampling
sampling (3.410)(3.410) by extracting a certain volume of soil gas (3.454)(3.454)
3.11 3.11
actual increment size
amount of material that is present in an increment (3.218)(3.218)
3.12 3.12
actual sample size
amount of material that is present in the sample (3.398)(3.398)
3.13 3.13
aerobic
descriptive of a condition with molecular oxygen available
3.14 3.14
aerobic biological treatment
biological treatment (3.46)(3.46) in the presence of oxygen
3.15 3.15
aftercare management
measures applied on completion of remedial works or as an integral part of a containment (3.90) (3.90)
strategy to ensure continued effectiveness (3.142) (3.142) over the long term
3.16 3.16
aggressive soil conditions
soil conditions potentially damaging to buildings and construction materials
3.17 3.17
air-sparging
introduction of air under pressure into the groundwater (3.191)(3.191)
3.18 3.18
aliphatic hydrocarbon
acyclic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated carbon compound, excluding aromatic compounds [6]
3.19 3.19
aliquot
known amount of a homogeneous (3.204) (3.204) material, assumed to be taken with negligible sampling
error (3.413) (3.413)
ii2
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
Note 1 to entry: The term is usually applied to fluids.
3.20 3.20
ammonification
microbial degradation (3.116)(3.116) of organic nitrogen to ammonia
3.21 3.21
amplicon
DNA or RNA fragment obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product obtained by PCR(3.330) from a
template
Note 1 to entry: DNA fragment or RNA fragment amplified by PCR.
3.22 3.22
anaerobic
descriptive of a condition in which molecular oxygen is not available
3.23 3.23
anaerobic biological treatment
biological treatment (3.46)(3.46) in the absence of gaseous or soluble oxygen
3.24 3.24
anaerobic transformation
reactionsreaction occurring under exclusion of oxygen [(reducing (3.372) conditions] (3.372) condition)
Note 1 to entry: These generally occur when the redox potential (Eh) is less than 200 mV.
3.25 3.25
analytical and testing strategy
plan comprising the samples (3.398)(3.398) to be analysed or tested, the parameters to be measured, sample
preparation methods, and the analytical or testing methods to be employed
Note 1 to entry: There should be associated quality assurance methods.
3.26 3.26
analytical sample
portion of material, resulting from the original sample (3.398)(3.398) or composite sample (3.83) (3.84) (3.83)
(3.84) by means of an appropriate method of sample pretreatment (3.402) (3.402) and having the size
(volume/mass) necessary for the desired testing or analysis
3.27 3.27
anisotropy
property of a soil or other volume of material to have different spatial variation structures depending on
direction and distance
Note 1 to entry: Usually illustrated in a variogram (3.566).(3.566).
3.28 3.28
anthropogenic change
influence on soil properties caused by human activities
3.29 3.29
anthropogenic concentration
concentration (3.86)(3.86) of a substance in a soil resulting from anthropogenic origin [18]
iii3
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(en)
3.30
Note 1 to entry: See ISO 19204:2017.
3.30
anthropogenic ground
deposits which have accumulated through human activity [15]
Note 1 to entry: These can consist of natural materials placed/replaced by man (e.g. clay) or man-made materials
(e.g. refuse).
3.31
Note 2 to entry: See ISO 18400-104:2018.
3.31
aromatic hydrocarbon
hydrocarbon (3.210)(3.210) of which the molecular structure incorporates one or more planar sets of six
carbon atoms that are connected by delocalized electrons, numbering the same as if they consisted of
alternating single and double covalent bonds
3.303.32 3.32
assessment criteria
criteria set up to help decide if a site (3.443)(3.443) requires further investigation or other acti
...
PROJET FINAL
Norme
internationale
ISO/FDIS 11074
ISO/TC 190
Qualité du sol — Vocabulaire
Secrétariat: DIN
Soil quality — Vocabulary
Début de vote:
2024-11-07
Vote clos le:
2025-01-02
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET SONT
INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSERVATIONS,
NOTIFICATION DES DROITS DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS
AURAIENT ÉVENTUELLEMENT CONNAISSANCE ET À
FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE.
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES FINS
INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET COM-MERCIALES,
AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE DES UTILISATEURS, LES
PROJETS DE NORMES
TRAITEMENT PARALLÈLE ISO/CEN
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE CONSIDÉRÉS
DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR POSSI BILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES
NORMES POUVANT
SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA RÉGLEMENTATION
NATIONALE.
Numéro de référence
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(fr) © ISO 2024
PROJET FINAL
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(fr)
Norme
internationale
ISO/FDIS 11074
ISO/TC 190
Qualité du sol — Vocabulaire
Secrétariat: DIN
Soil quality — Vocabulary
Début de vote:
2024-11-07
Vote clos le:
2025-01-02
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET SONT
INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS OBSERVATIONS,
NOTIFICATION DES DROITS DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS
AURAIENT ÉVENTUELLEMENT CONNAISSANCE ET À
FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE.
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES FINS
© ISO 2024 INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET COM-MERCIALES,
AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE DES UTILISATEURS, LES
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
PROJETS DE NORMES
TRAITEMENT PARALLÈLE ISO/CEN
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE CONSIDÉRÉS
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR POSSI BILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
NORMES POUVANT
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA RÉGLEMENTATION
NATIONALE.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Genève
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Web: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse Numéro de référence
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(fr) © ISO 2024
ii
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(fr)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
Introduction .v
1 Domaine d'application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
Annexe A (informative) Relations entre les opérations d'échantillonnage .63
Bibliographie .65
iii
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(fr)
Avant-propos
L'ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d'organismes nationaux
de normalisation (comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration des Normes internationales est en général
confiée aux comités techniques de l'ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire
partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec l'ISO participent également aux travaux. L'ISO collabore étroitement avec
la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique. *
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document
a été rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2
(voir www.iso.org/directives).
L’ISO attire l’attention sur le fait que la mise en application du présent document peut entraîner l’utilisation
d’un ou de plusieurs brevets. L’ISO ne prend pas position quant à la preuve, à la validité et à l’applicabilité
de tout droit de brevet revendiqué à cet égard. À la date de publication du présent document, l’ISO n’avait
pas reçu notification qu’un ou plusieurs brevets pouvaient être nécessaires à sa mise en application.
Toutefois, il y a lieu d’avertir les responsables de la mise en application du présent document que des
informations plus récentes sont susceptibles de figurer dans la base de données de brevets, disponible à
l'adresse www.iso.org/brevets. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir identifié tout ou
partie de tels droits de brevet.
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données pour
information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l'ISO liés à l'évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l'adhésion de
l'ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles techniques au
commerce (OTC), voir www.iso.org/iso/fr/avant-propos.html.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le comité technique ISO/TC 190, Qualité du sol, en collaboration avec
le comité technique CEN/TC 444, Caractérisation environnementale des matrices solides, du Comité européen
de normalisation (CEN) conformément à l’Accord de coopération technique entre l’ISO et le CEN (Accord de
Vienne).
Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition (ISO 11074:2015), qui a fait l’objet d’une
révision technique. Elle incorpore également l'Amendement ISO 11074:2015/Amd 1:2020.
Les principales modifications sont les suivantes:
— réorganisation des entrées terminologiques, la totalité des termes et définitions figurant, par ordre
alphabétique, à l’Article 3;
— regroupement des termes dont les définitions diffèrent en fonction du contexte, avec ajout du domaine
spécialisé entre crochets angulaires pour les distinguer.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes se
trouve à l’adresse www.iso.org/fr/members.html.
iv
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(fr)
Introduction
Le présent document définit les termes relatifs à la qualité du sol. Les éditions précédentes (ISO 11074:2015
et ISO 11074/Amd 1:2020) présentaient les termes et les définitions au sein d'articles distincts afin d'établir
différentes catégories de termes ayant trait à l'échantillonnage ou à la dépollution, par exemple. Cette
distinction est devenue de plus en plus artificielle dans la mesure où une collaboration étroite entre experts
de la qualité du sol, aux domaines de compétence variés, s'avère nécessaire; une liste unique de termes
devient de ce fait incontournable pour remplacer les subdivisions qui obligent les experts à rechercher
d'abord dans quel article se trouve un terme spécifique. Dans la présente édition, tous les termes sont inclus
dans l’Article 3.
Certains termes ont des définitions différentes en fonction du contexte. Ils sont présentés les uns à la suite
des autres, leurs domaines respectifs étant indiqués entre crochets angulaires: . Il s'agit dans la
plupart des cas d'un domaine général et d'un domaine spécifique, donnant lieu à des définitions différentes.
Bien que ces termes s'appliquent à toutes les autres normes relevant de l'ISO/TC 190, Qualité du sol, le présent
document ne couvre pas la totalité des termes utilisés dans les normes sur la qualité du sol relevant de
l'ISO/TC 190.
La publication de nouvelles normes et de normes révisées est continuelle. Les périodes de révision des
normes relatives à la qualité du sol sont différées, ce qui signifie que les définitions de termes identiques
peuvent présenter des différences dans une norme spécifique sur la qualité du sol et dans le présent
document.
NOTE Pour les termes généraux relatifs à la qualité, voir l’ISO 9000.
v
PROJET FINAL Norme internationale ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(fr)
Qualité du sol — Vocabulaire
1 Domaine d'application
Le présent document définit les termes utilisés dans le domaine de la qualité du sol.
2 Références normatives
Le présent document ne contient aucune référence normative.
3 Termes et définitions
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en normalisation,
consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
site dangereux abandonné
site dangereux (3.201) laissé par son propriétaire ou un autre responsable dans un état non entretenu
3.2
site industriel abandonné
site (3.443) industriel laissé par son propriétaire ou un autre responsable dans un état non entretenu
3.3
site abandonné potentiellement dangereux
site (3.443) laissé par son propriétaire ou un autre responsable dans un état non entretenu, dont l’historique
donne à penser qu’il peut être dangereux
3.4
site de décharge abandonné
site (3.443) de décharge laissé par son propriétaire ou un autre responsable dans un état non entretenu
3.5
décomposition abiotique
décomposition (3.113) par des processus physiques et/ou chimiques (par exemple, photolyse, hydrolyse
(3.211), oxydation (3.305) et réduction (3.373))
3.6
dégradation abiotique
dégradation (3.116) par des processus physiques et/ou chimiques
3.7
échantillonnage en surface
processus de prélèvement d'échantillons (3.398) d'un matériau déposé sur la surface du sol
EXEMPLE Échantillons prélevés sur un dépôt en tas (3.496) (y compris des volumes apparents (3.64) de terre
excavée (3.154), un dépôt de déchets ou un talus (voir l’ISO 18400-104:2018).
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(fr)
3.8
accumulation
augmentation de la concentration (3.86) d'une substance dans le sol, due à un apport de substance (3.508)
supérieur à son exportation (3.509)
Note 1 à l'article: L’exportation de substance comprend les matériaux qui sont dégradés.
3.9
mesure de protection active
action conçue, par exemple, pour maîtriser le transfert des eaux souterraines (3.191) ou le transfert des gaz (3.178)
EXEMPLE Systèmes d'extraction d'eau ou de gaz par pompage.
3.10
échantillonnage actif des gaz du sol
échantillonnage (3.410) par extraction d'un certain volume de gaz du sol (3.454)
3.11
taille réelle d'un prélèvement élémentaire
quantité de matériau présente dans un prélèvement élémentaire (3.218)
3.12
taille réelle d'un échantillon
quantité de matériau présente dans l'échantillon (3.398)
3.13
aérobie
descriptif d'un état se caractérisant par la présence d'oxygène moléculaire
3.14
traitement biologique aérobie
traitement biologique (3.46) en présence d'oxygène
3.15
gestion post-traitement
mesures, prises en complément de travaux de dépollution ou faisant partie intégrante d'une stratégie de
confinement (3.90), qui visent à garantir une efficacité (3.142) continue à long terme
3.16
conditions de sol agressives
conditions de sol potentiellement préjudiciables aux immeubles et aux matériaux de construction
3.17
purge à l'air
introduction d'air sous pression dans les eaux souterraines (3.191)
3.18
hydrocarbure aliphatique
composé carboné acyclique ou cyclique, saturé ou insaturé, à l'exclusion des composés aromatiques
3.19
aliquote
quantité connue de matériau homogène (3.204), prélevée avec une erreur d'échantillonnage (3.413) supposée
négligeable
Note 1 à l'article: Le terme s’applique généralement aux fluides.
3.20
ammonification
dégradation (3.116) microbienne de l'azote organique en ammoniaque
ISO/FDIS 11074:2024(fr)
3.21
amplicon
fragment d'ADN ou fragment d'ARN amplifié par réaction de polymérisation en chaîne (PCR) (3.330) à partir
d’une matrice
3.22
anaérobie
descriptif d'un état se caractérisant par l'absence d'oxygène moléculaire
3.23
traitement biologique anaérobie
traitement biologique (3.46) en l'absence d'oxygène gazeux ou soluble
3.24
transformation anaérobie
réaction se déroulant en l'absence d'oxygène (conditions réductrices (3.372))
Note 1 à l'article: Cela se produit généralement lorsque le potentiel redox (Eh) est inférieur à 200 mV.
3.25
stratégie d'analyse et d'essai
plan précisant les échantillons (3.398) à analyser ou à soumettre à l'essai, les paramètres à mesurer, les
méthodes de préparation des échantillons ainsi que les méthodes d'analyse ou d'essai à employer
Note 1 à l'article: Il convient d'y associer des méthodes d'assurance qualité.
3.26
échantillon pour analyse
portion de matériau, obtenue à partir de l'échantillon (3.398) d'origine ou d'un échantillon composite (3.83)
(3.84) au moyen d'une méthode appropriée de prétraitement des échantillons (3.402), et ayant la taille
(volume/masse) nécessaire pour les essais ou l'analyse souhaités
3.27
anisotropie
propriété d'un sol ou d'un autre volume de matériau présentant différente
...
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