oSIST prEN ISO 18451-1:2026

Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders - Vocabulary - Part 1: General terms (ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026)

This document defines terms that are used in the field of pigments, dyestuffs and extenders.
For some terms, reference is made to ISO 4618 in which also terms and definitions for colourants are given, relating to their use in coating materials.

Pigmente, Farbstoffe und Füllstoffe - Begriffe - Teil 1: Allgemeine Begriffe (ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026)

Pigments, colorants et matières de charge - Vocabulaire - Partie 1: Termes généraux (ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026)

Le présent document définit les termes utilisés dans le domaine des pigments, colorants et matières de charge.
Pour certains termes, il est fait référence à l'ISO 4618 qui fournit également des termes et définitions relatifs aux matières colorantes utilisées dans les produits de peinture.

Pigmenti, barvila in polnila - Terminologija - 1. del: Splošni izrazi (ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026)

Ta dokument opredeljuje izraze, ki se uporabljajo na področju pigmentov, barvil in polnil.
Za nekatere izraze se sklicuje na ISO 4618, v katerem so prav tako podani izrazi in definicije za barvila, ki se nanašajo na njihovo uporabo v premaznih materialih.

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 01-Jun-2026
• ICS: 01.040.87 - Paint and colour industries (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders
• Technical Committee: PIP - Pigments and extenders
• Current Stage: 4020 - Public enquire (PE) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 26-Mar-2026
• Due Date: 13-Aug-2026
• Ref Project: prEN ISO 18451-1 - Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders - Vocabulary - Part 1: General terms (ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026)

Relations

• Revises: SIST EN ISO 18451-1:2019 - Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders - Terminology - Part 1: General terms (ISO 18451-1:2019)
• Effective Date: 01-May-2026

Overview

oSIST prEN ISO 18451-1:2026:2026 - Pigments, Dyestuffs and Extenders – Vocabulary – Part 1: General Terms - is an international draft standard published by CEN, with alignment to ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026. This standard defines the foundational vocabulary used throughout the pigments, dyestuffs, and extenders sectors. Its terminology serves industries engaged in the formulation, application, and testing of colorants in coatings, plastics, inks, construction materials, and various other fields.

The standard harmonizes terms with ISO 4618, which also addresses terminology for colorants in coating materials, ensuring consistency and clarity across multiple standards and industries.

Key Topics

This standard establishes a clear and agreed vocabulary for:

• General definitions of pigments, dyestuffs, and extenders.
• Physical and chemical properties such as dispersibility, abrasiveness, hiding power, particle size, and fastness.
• Types of colorants: including inorganic and organic pigments, effect pigments (e.g., metal effect, interference, goniochromatic), lakes, and nano-scale materials.
• Common industry terms such as colour strength equivalent, mass tone, lightness, and depth of shade.
• Processes and phenomena including dispersion, migration, bleeding, chalking, and blooming.
• Functional additions like corrosion-inhibiting pigments, UV-absorbing and near-infrared reflecting pigments.
• Material source and composition like natural vs. synthetic pigments, masterbatches, and preparations.

The vocabulary supports accurate communication, quality assurance, research, and regulatory compliance for those supplying or using coloring agents.

Applications

Clear, unified terminology for pigments, dyestuffs, and extenders is essential in:

• Paints and Coatings: Enables precise product development, testing, and specification, supporting quality and regulatory requirements.
• Plastics Industry: Facilitates consistent formulation and performance descriptions, especially for coloration, opacity, and special effects.
• Printing Inks: Supports accurate formulation across offset, gravure, flexographic, and digital printing.
• Construction Materials: Applies to colored cements, mortars, plasters, and decorative coatings.
• Ceramics and Glass: Definitions guide the selection and control of colorants for robust, consistent results at high temperatures.
• Cosmetics and Food: Ensures safety and performance through standardized definitions of approved colorants.
• Nanotechnology: The inclusion of nanopigments and nanoextenders supports innovation and regulatory clarity for emerging materials.

By establishing common language, the standard reduces the risk of misinterpretation, helps with procurement, and facilitates international trade and compliance.

Related Standards

The terminology in oSIST prEN ISO 18451-1:2026:2026 is closely connected to several other standards, including:

• ISO 4618: Paints and varnishes - Terms and definitions, covering coating materials and their colorants.
• ISO 80004 series: Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary, particularly for nanomaterials and nano-objects referenced in pigment applications.
• ISO 1382: Rubber - Vocabulary, relevant for fillers/extenders in rubber products.
• ISO/CIE 11664 series: Colour measurement and management standards.
• DIN 6176: Color difference equations for calculation in industrial applications.
• ISO 788: Terminology for ultramarine pigments.

Adherence to this vocabulary ensures compatibility with these standards, supporting consistency across documentation, testing, and regulations.

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Keywords: pigments vocabulary, dyestuffs terminology, extenders definitions, colorants standard, ISO 18451-1, paint industry vocabulary, coating materials, pigments and extenders standard, international pigment terminology, CEN standard pigments, nanomaterials in pigments.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2026
Pigmenti, barvila in polnila - Terminologija - 1. del: Splošni izrazi (ISO/DIS 18451-
1:2026)
Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders - Vocabulary - Part 1: General terms (ISO/DIS 18451-
1:2026)
Pigmente, Farbstoffe und Füllstoffe - Begriffe - Teil 1: Allgemeine Begriffe (ISO/DIS
18451-1:2026)
Pigments, colorants et matières de charge - Vocabulaire - Partie 1: Termes généraux
(ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 18451-1
ICS:
01.040.87 Industrija barv (Slovarji) Paint and colour industries
(Vocabularies)
87.060.10 Pigmenti in polnila Pigments and extenders
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 18451-1
ISO/TC 256
Pigments, dyestuffs and
Secretariat: DIN
extenders — Vocabulary —
Voting begins on:
Part 1: 2026-03-16
General terms
Voting terminates on:
2026-06-08
ICS: 01.040.87; 87.060.10
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FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
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Reference number
ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
DRAFT
ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 18451-1
ISO/TC 256
Pigments, dyestuffs and
Secretariat: DIN
extenders — Vocabulary —
Voting begins on:
Part 1:
2026-03-16
General terms
Voting terminates on:
2026-06-08
ICS: 01.040.87; 87.060.10
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
© ISO 2026
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
ii
ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Bibliography . 19
Alphabetical index .20

iii
ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 256, Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 18451-1:2019), which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the definition for carbon black (3.13) has been revised;
— the definition for metal effect pigment (3.72) was expanded to include note 2 to entry;
— the definitions for ultramarine pigment (3.127) has been aligned with ISO 788;
— the terms adopted from ISO 4618 and ISO 80004-1 have been adapted to the current editions of the
documents.
A list of all parts in the ISO 18451 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
In addition to text written in the official ISO languages (English, French or Russian), this document gives
text in German. This text is published under the responsibility of the member body for Germany (DIN) and is
given for information only. Only the text given in the official languages can be considered as ISO text.

iv
DRAFT International Standard ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
Pigments, dyestuffs and extenders — Vocabulary —
Part 1:
General terms
1 Scope
This document defines terms that are used in the field of pigments, dyestuffs and extenders.
For some terms, reference is made to ISO 4618 in which also terms and definitions for colourants are given,
relating to their use in coating materials.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
abrasiveness
property of pigments (3.96) or extenders (3.34) and their preparations to cause wear at the used apparatus
by mechanical action
3.2
aluminium pigment
pigment (3.96) consisting essentially of finely divided pure aluminium Al 99,5 % (mass fraction)
Note 1 to entry: The aluminium particles have lamellar form.
3.3
apparent density after tamping
ratio of mass to volume of a powder after compressing (e.g. by tamping or vibration) under specified
conditions
3.4
barite
naturally occurring barium sulphate, BaSO
3.5
binder demand
amount of a binder or binder solution that is required to obtain, under specified dispersion conditions, a
mass of defined rheology
3.6
bismuth vanadate pigment
yellow inorganic pigment (3.96) consisting of bismuth vanadate with or without isomorphous inclusion of
bismuth molybdate
ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
3.7
blanc fixe
synthetic barium sulphate, produced by a precipitation process
Note 1 to entry: Naturally occurring barium sulphate is called barite (3.4).
3.8
bleeding
migration (3.76) of a colourant (3.19) from a material into another material being in contact with it
3.9
blooming
migration (3.76) of a colourant (3.19) to the surface of the coloured material
3.10
cadmium pigment
inorganic coloured pigment consisting essentially of cadmium zinc sulphide (yellow pigments) or of mixed
crystals of cadmium sulphide and cadmium selenide (red pigments)
3.11
calcined clay
calcined aluminium silicate
aluminium silicate (Al O ⋅ 2SiO ), lamellar, mainly amorphous in structure as determined by X-ray diffraction,
2 3 2
produced from natural clay by thermal dehydration, consisting partly of cristalline mullite 3(Al O ⋅ 2SiO )
2 3 2
3.12
Calcite terms
3.12.1
calcite
crystalline calcium carbonate
calcium carbonate of trigonal crystal structure
3.12.2
calcite
crystalline calcium carbonate
designation for extenders (3.34) produced from calcareous spar of marble or for precipitated
calcitic calcium carbonates
3.13
carbon black
pigment (3.96) synthetically produced by thermally oxidative or thermal cracking of hydrocarbon-containing
aromatic oils and gases
Note 1 to entry: It is distinguished between (unintentionally produced) soot and industrial carbon black.
Note 2 to entry: In case of sustainable carbon blacks the raw materials can be either recycled (pyrolysis oils of rubber
or polymer goods), bio-circular (oils from plant-based waste) or bio-based (oils from plants).
3.14
ceramic decoration colour
preparation consisting of coloured or colourless glass powder and inorganic pigments (3.96) for coating of
ceramics or glass by melting at temperatures above 450 °C
3.15
chalking
appearance of a loosely adherent fine powder (3.98) on the surface of a film or pigmented plastic arising
from the degradation of the binder

ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
3.16
chroma
difference of a colour (3.20) from an achromatic colour of the same lightness
3.17
chromium oxide pigment
inorganic coloured pigment consisting essentially of chromium (III) oxide (Cr O ) in the form of a dry
2 3
powder
3.18
CIC-pigment
coloured inorganic complex pigment
coloured pigment, rutile or spinell based, produced by replacement of titanium in the rutile lattice or
aluminium or magnesium in the spinel lattice through other atoms
Note 1 to entry: Such pigments are incorrectly named mixed phase pigments.
3.19
colourant
generic term for all colouring substances
Note 1 to entry: Colourants comprise pigments (3.96) which are insoluble in the medium as well as dyestuffs (3.30)
which are soluble in the medium.
Note 2 to entry: A colourant can contain the pure chemical substance and/or a surface treatment and/or additives.
Note 3 to entry: A colourant can also contain traces of impurities, which can originate from raw materials and/or the
production processes.
Note 4 to entry: In order to improve application properties, a colourant can contain additives.
3.20
colour
sensation resulting from the visual perception of light of a given spectral composition by the human eye
Note 1 to entry: The use of the German word “Farbe” alone, i.e. not in combinations of words, for coating materials is
depricated.
Note 2 to entry: A colour is characterized by hue (3.49), saturation (3.106) or chroma (3.16), and lightness (3.65).
Note 3 to entry: It is distinguished between chromatic and achromatic colours.
[SOURCE: ISO 4618:2023, 3.55, modified — Note 3 to entry has been added.]
3.21
colour difference
ΔE*
parameter of the perceived difference between two colours (3.20)
* *
Note 1 to entry: The colour difference is defined by ∆E in the CIELAB colour space (see ISO/CIE 11664-4) or ∆E in
ab uv
*
the CIELUV colour space (see ISO/CIE 11664-5). For small colour differences between 05E it is recommended
ab
to use the DIN99o formula (see DIN 6176) for industrial applications, because the CIELAB colour difference ΔE* is not
visually uniform.
Note 2 to entry: Since differences in trichromatic colour measuring systems do not or only approximately correspond
to the perception of colour difference, currently different equations are being used in order to calculate colour
differences from tristimulus values (colour difference formulas). ISO/CIE 11664-4 and DIN 6176 recommend specific
colour difference equations.
ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
3.22
colour strength equivalent
reciprocal of the relative tinting strength (3.105) of a pigment (3.96)
Note 1 to entry: It indicates how many parts of a sample are colouristically equivalent to 100 parts of a reference
sample. In other words, the colour strength equivalent of a weaker pigment (3.96) is greater than 100.
3.23
Compound terms
3.23.1
compound
mixture of pigments (3.96) and/or extenders (3.34), ready for use
3.23.2
compound
moulding material, ready for use, containing all the colourants (3.19), extenders (3.34) and
additives
3.24
core pigment
pigment (3.96), the mostly inorganic core of which is enveloped with one or more (mostly inorganic)
substances so that its optical properties are hardly affected by the material of the shell but its application
properties are improved
3.25
corrosion-inhibiting pigment
anticorrosive pigment
pigment (3.96) that inhibits or avoids, in priming coats on metals, the corrosion of the metal surface, normally
by chemical or physicochemical action
3.26
depth of shade
measure for the intensity of a colour perception that increases with increasing chroma (3.16) and decreases
with increasing lightness (3.65)
Note 1 to entry: Colourations having the same depth of shade appear to be prepared using the same concentrations of
colourants having the same tinting strength (3.122).
3.27
dispersibility
property of a pigment (3.96) or extender (3.34) characterized by its ability to be wetted, separated and
distributed in a medium
Note 1 to entry: The dispersibility depends on its wettability and on the number and strength of the adhering areas
between the components of the agglomerates (3.94.3).
Note 2 to entry: As a measure of the dispersibility under specified dispersion conditions, e.g. the speed of the tinting
strength (3.122) development and/or the decrease of the fineness of grind (3.37) can be taken.
3.28
dispersing
separation of the agglomerates (3.94.3) of the pigment (3.96) or extender (3.34) powder into smaller particles
[agglomerates (3.94.3), aggregates (3.94.2) and primary particles (3.94.1)] and their wetting by the medium
at the same time
Note 1 to entry: Occasionally, separation of aggregates (3.94.2) and breaking, for example, of needle-shaped primary
particles (3.94.1) also takes place. Furthermore, a statistically uniform distribution of the particles (3.94) formed in
this way to all volume elements of the medium is a part of the dispersing process.

ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
3.29
dolomite
natural calcium magnesium carbonate containing between 1,18 and 1,23 parts by mass of CaCO to 1 part by
mass of MgCO
3.30
dyestuff
colourant (3.19), soluble in the application medium
Note 1 to entry: Colourants (3.19) for glass, ceramics and vitreous enamel that are dissolved in the glass phase are also
called “Lösungsfarben” in German language. In these cases, oxides of transition elements are used.
Note 2 to entry: In German usage, in the pharmaceutical and foodstuffs fields, the term “Farbstoff” is used as a
synonym for “colourant”.
3.31
earth pigment
pigment (3.96) produced from earths, e.g. by classification, if necessary, with additional thermal treatment
3.32
effect pigment
platelet-like pigment (3.96) that confers not only colour (3.20) but additional properties such as iridescence
(interference at thin layers), angle dependency of colour (colour travel, colour flop, light-dark flop), or texture
Note 1 to entry: See also metal effect pigment (3.72), nacreous pigment (3.78), and interference pigment (3.51).
3.33
electro chromic pigment
pigment (3.96) which changes its colour (3.20) depending on the electric current or the voltage
3.34
extender
material in granular or powder form, practically insoluble to somewhat soluble in the application medium
and used to modify or influence certain physical properties
Note 1 to entry: The German terms “Extender”, “Extenderpigment”, “Pigmentextender” or “Verschnittmittel” should
be avoided.
Note 2 to entry: Whether a given substance is to be considered as pigment (3.96) or extender depends on its application.
Note 3 to entry: In some industries, such as rubber industries, “extender” is also called “filler” (see ISO 1382). In
coatings industries, the term “extender” is preferred, because in ISO 4618, “filler” is defined as “coating material with
a high proportion of extender, intended primarily to even out irregularities in substrates to be painted and to improve
surface appearance”.
3.35
fastness
stability of the colour (3.20)
Note 1 to entry: For characterization of the respective stress, the term fastness, e.g. of a coating, is used in word
combinations such as light fastness, acid fastness, solvent fastness. The acid fastness, for example, of a coating is the
stability of the colour (3.20) of the coating under the influence of acids.
3.36
final level of dispersion
level of dispersion (3.62) when it has become constant under the defined conditions
Note 1 to entry: The final level of dispersion of a pigment (3.96) depends on the binder system in which it is dispersed,
on the dispersion process and on the composition of the milling base.

ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
3.37
fineness of grind
measure for the largest solid particles in a liquid matrix
Note 1 to entry: The term fineness of grind is not to be confused with the term grain hardness.
3.38
floating
separation of one or more pigments (3.96) from a coloured coating material, causing streaks or areas of
uneven colour (3.20) on the surface of the coating
[SOURCE: ISO 4618:2023, 3.123]
3.39
flooding
movement of pigment (3.96) particles in a liquid coating producing a colour (3.20) which, although uniform
over the whole surface, is markedly different from that of the freshly applied wet film
Note 1 to entry: See leafing (3.61).
[SOURCE: ISO 4618:2023, 3.124]
3.40
food dyestuff
substance that gives colour (3.20) to a foodstuff or restores the colour of a foodstuff
3.41
full shade
colour (3.20) of a mass tone system (3.70) in optically infinite (hiding) layer
3.42
functional extender
extender (3.34), when applied in the application medium, processes or enhances specific functions due to its
physical or chemical properties
Note 1 to entry: Examples for physical properties are: elasticity, durability, hardness, anti-fatigue.
3.43
functional pigment
pigment (3.96), when applied in the application medium, possesses specific functions due to its unique
physical or chemical properties rather than only colouring
Note 1 to entry: Examples for specific functions are: UV absorption, electric properties such as conductivity, anti-
corrosion properties, photocatalytic properties, function as barrier pigment, infrared absorption or infrared
reflection.
3.44
goniochromatic pigment
effect pigment (3.32) showing an angle-depending colour change between different interference colours
3.45
heat stability
resistance to a heat treatment of the colour (3.20) of the test specimens under specified conditions of test
3.46
heavy-metal containing pigment
pigment (3.96) containing heavy metal(s) as constituent
Note 1 to entry: Heavy metals are all metals having a density greater than 4,5 g/cm .

ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
3.47
hiding power
ability of coating to obliterate the colour (3.20) or colour differences (3.21) of the substrate (3.115)
Note 1 to entry: The use of the German expressions “Deckkraft” und “Deckfähigkeit” should be avoided.
Note 2 to entry: The term “coverage” is ambiguous because it is used in some instances to refer to hiding power and in
others to mean spreading rate. The more precise terms hiding power and spreading rate should always be used.
[SOURCE: ISO 4618:2023, 3.137]
3.48
hiding power value
numerical value of the hiding power (3.47), as determined using a defined method
3.49
hue
type of chroma (3.16) of a colour (3.20)
Note 1 to entry: The hue is designated in daily life by words such as red, yellow, green, blue, violet, etc.
3.50
inclusion pigment
pigment (3.96), the colouring component of which is included in a coat of high thermal and chemical
resistance
Note 1 to entry: The coat renders it possible that the colouring component can be used at much higher temperatures.
Furthermore, the resistance, e.g. to acids and alkalis, will be improved essentially.
3.51
interference pigment
pearlescent pigment
effect pigment (3.32), the effect of which is based completely or predominantly on the phenomenon of
interference, e.g. pearlescent pigment, fire-coloured metal bronze
Note 1 to entry: Interference pigments can be coated with one or more layers.
3.52
intrinsic hardness
hardness of the primary particle of a pigment (3.96) or extender (3.34) as a property of the material
Note 1 to entry: Only indirect conclusions to the practically effective intrinsic hardness can be made, for example,
from abrasion tests.
Note 2 to entry: In the case of inorganic pigments, the Mohs hardness is often given as a reference value for the intrinsic
hardness.
3.53
iron blue pigment
pigment (3.96) formed by the reaction of iron salts with cyanoferrate(II) or cyanoferrate(III) ions and
followed, if necessary, by treatment with oxidizing agents
3.54
iron oxide pigment
pigment (3.96) consisting of natural or synthetic iron oxides, if necessary, with additions of extenders
3.55
kaolinite
main constituent of natural clay (3.89)

ISO/DIS 18451-1:2026(en)
3.56
lake
pigment (3.96) produced by precipitation of a dissolved organic dyestuff (3.30) with a precipitating agent
Note 1 to entry: Lake is not “Lack” as commonly used in German language but a colourant (3.19). In Austrian and Swiss
usage, the German expression “Farblack” is not usual.
3.57
Lake pigment terms
3.57.1
lake pigment
pigment (3.96) produced by precipitation of a sulphone or carbonic acid-containing azo dyestuff
with one or more suitable metal salts
Note 1 to entry: Lake pigments predominantly contain metal cation magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium,
aluminium or manganese.
3.57.2
lake pigment
pigment (3.96) produced by precipitati
...