SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
(Main)Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 2: Switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 2: Switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
This part of EN 13674 specifies switch and crossing rails that carry railway wheels. These are used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails. This part of this standard is not applicable for the check rails that do not carry railway wheels. Eight pearlitic steel grades are specified covering a hardness range of 200 HBW to 390 HBW and include non heat treated non-alloy steels, non heat treated alloy steels, heat treated non-alloy steels and heat treated low alloy steels.
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 2: Schienen für Weichen und Kreuzungen, die in Verbindung mit Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/m verwendet werden
Dieser Teil der Norm enthält Festlegungen für radtragende Schienen für Weichen und Kreuzungen, die in Verbindung mit Vignolschienen eingesetzt werden.
Dieser Teil dieser Norm gilt nicht für Radlenkerschienen, die nicht von Eisenbahnrädern befahren werden.
Acht perlitische Stahlsorten in einem Härtebereich zwischen 200 HBW und 390 HBW sind festgelegt für Schienen aus nicht wärmebehandeltem unlegiertem Stahl, nicht wärmebehandeltem legiertem Stahl und wärmebehandeltem unlegiertem und niedrig legiertem Stahl.
In dieser Norm sind !34 Schienenprofile" festgelegt, aber nicht alle Profile müssen in jeder Stahlsorte verfügbar sein.
Die in EN 13674-1 festgelegten Schienen dürfen auch als Schienen für Weichen und Kreuzungen verwendet werden. Sie müssen dann die Anforderungen nach EN 13674-1 erfüllen.
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 2: Rails pour appareils de voie utilisés avec des rails Vignole de masse supérieure ou égale à 46 kg/m
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les rails d'appareils de voie qui supportent les roues du train. Ceux-ci sont utilisés en association avec les rails Vignole.
Cette partie de norme n'est pas applicable pour les rails de sécurité qui ne supportent pas les roues.
Huit nuances d'acier perlitique sont spécifiées représentant une fourchette de dureté comprise entre 200 HBW et 390 HBW. Ces nuances d’acier comprennent les aciers non alliés et non traités thermiquement, les aciers alliés non traités thermiquement, les aciers non alliés traités thermiquement, les aciers faiblement alliés traités thermiquement.
!34 profils de rail" sont spécifiés dans la présente norme mais ils peuvent ne pas être disponibles dans toutes les nuances d’acier.
Les rails spécifiés dans l’EN 13674-1 peuvent être aussi utilisés pour les appareils de voie et dans le cas d’une telle utilisation, ils doivent être conformes aux exigences de l’EN 13674-1.
Železniške naprave - Zgornji ustroj - Tirnice - 2. del: Tirnice za kretnice in križišča, ki se uporabljajo skupaj z Vignolovo tirnico z maso 46 kg/m ali več
Ta del EN 13674 določa tirnice za kretnice in križišča, ki nosijo železniška kolesa. Uporabljajo se skupaj z Vignolovo tirnico. Ta del tega standarda ne velja za vodilne tirnice, ki ne nosijo železniških koles. Določenih je osem vrst perlitnega jekla, ki zajemajo trdote v razponu med 200 HBW in 390 HBW ter vključujejo toplotno neobdelana nelegirana jekla, toplotno neobdelana legirana jekla, toplotno obdelana nelegirana jekla in toplotno obdelana malolegirana jekla.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.HþBahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 2: Schienen für Weichen und Kreuzungen, die in Verbindung mit Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/m verwendet werdenApplications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 2: Rails pour appareils de voie utilisés avec des rails Vignole de masse supérieure ou égale à 46 kg/mRailway applications - Track - Rail - Part 2: Switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above45.080Rails and railway componentsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010en,fr,de01-september-2010SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13674-2:2006+A1
July 2010 ICS 93.100 Supersedes EN 13674-2:2006English Version
Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 2: Switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Rails - Partie 2: Rails pour appareils de voie utilisés avec des rails Vignole de masse supérieure ou égale à 46 kg/m
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Schienen - Teil 2: Schienenfür Weichen und Kreuzungen, die in Verbindung mit Vignolschienen ab 46 kg/m verwendet werden This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 January 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 15 May 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010: ESIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3Introduction . 51 Scope . 72 Normative references . 73 Terms and definitions . 74 Information to be supplied by the purchaser . 85 Steel grades . 96 Dimensions, static properties, linear mass and tolerances . 97 Manufacture . 107.1 Product integrity . 107.1.1 Factory production control . 107.1.2 Best practice manufacture . 107.2 Blooms . 107.3 Rails . 107.4 Identification . 107.4.1 Branding . 107.4.2 Hot stamping . 117.4.3 Cold stamping . 117.4.4 Other identification . 118 Qualification of the manufacturer . 129 Acceptance tests . 129.1 Laboratory tests . 129.1.1 General . 129.1.2 Chemical composition . 129.1.3 Microstructure . 169.1.4 Decarburisation . 179.1.5 Oxide cleanness. 179.1.6 Sulfur prints . 179.1.7 Hardness . 189.1.8 Tensile tests . 199.1.9 Retest procedures . 199.2 Dimension tolerances . 199.2.1 Profile . 199.2.2 Straightness, surface flatness and twist . 209.2.3 Cutting and drilling . 249.3 Gauges . 249.4 Inspection for internal quality and surface quality . 249.4.1 Internal quality . 249.4.2 Surface quality . 26Annex A (normative)
Rail profiles . 38Annex B (informative)
Comparison of steel designations referred to in this standard compared to those in EN 10027-1 and EN 10027-2 . 107Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the interoperability of the rail system within the Community (Recast)"""" . 108Bibliography . 110 SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This European Standard (EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 15 May 2010. This document supersedes EN 13674-2:2006. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags!" !This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC. For relationship with EU Directive 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document." This part of EN 13674 is the second of the series EN 13674 Railway applications – Track – Rail which consists of the following parts: Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above; Part 2: Switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above; Part 3: Check rails; Part 4: Vignole railway rails from 27 kg/m to, but excluding 46 kg/m. !Other published standards include the following:" !EN 14587-1" Railway applications — Track — Flash butt welding of rails — Part 1: New R220, R260, R260Mn and R350HT grade rails in a fixed plant; !EN 14587-2" Railway applications — Track — Flash butt welding of rails — Part 2: New R220, R260, R260Mn and R350HT grade rails by mobile welding machines at sites other than at a fixed plant; !deleted text" !EN 14730-1" Railway applications — Track — Aluminothermic welding of rails — Part 1: Approval of welding processes; !EN 14730-2" Railway applications — Track — Aluminothermic welding of rails — Part 2: Qualification of aluminothermic welders, approval of contractors and acceptance of welds; !EN 14811" Railway applications — Track — Special purpose rail — Grooved and associated construction; SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 4 !EN 15594" Railway applications — Track — Restoration of rails by electric arc welding. !Another standard planned for publication is: prEN 14587-3 Railway applications — Track — Flash butt welding of rails — Part 3: Welding in association with crossing construction." According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 5 Introduction This introduction provides an explanation of the concepts and reasoning used in the drafting of this European Standard. Its inclusion also ensures that during future revisions, restrictions are removed where technology progresses and held where it does not, thus ensuring continued safety as new manufacturers, products and technologies are introduced. The most commonly used standards of the world for the supply of railway rails have been reviewed during the preparation of this European Standard. However, modern rail production technology within the European Union has demanded a completely new look at the philosophy and content of this part of EN 13674. Whenever possible this part of EN 13674 is performance based, recognises the European Quality System standard EN ISO 9001 and requires manufacturers to offer the latest proven technology to consistently satisfy the demanding quality of the required product. Rail grading is based on hardness rather than tensile strength. The acceptance tests have been designed to control those characteristics of the rail steel and rail that are of relevance to the production of high quality rails and the demands of the railway. The steel grades covered by this part of EN 13674 reflect trends in railway usage and heat treated rails are included. The standard includes rail profiles for switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole rails having a linear mass 46 kg/m and above. To ensure the supply of high quality rails, some restrictions on production processes have been imposed. This European Standard supersedes other standards covered by the scope. In addition CEN required, where possible, a performance based standard, taking into account safety implications and at the same time addressing modern production technology. It was recognised that there would be few opportunities (and these would have to be for transparent safety considerations) for derogation from this European Standard to operate between the user and the manufacturer. This European Standard reflects this change in philosophy from the traditional content of rail standards. A review was undertaken of the most commonly used rail standards of the world. All relevant aspects important to both user and manufacturer were considered with the aim of ensuring that all of the content had specific usefulness and relevance. For example rail grading and much of this European Standard has been based on hardness rather than tensile strength. Whilst the two are directly related, hardness is very quick and cheap to carry out and provides more relevant guidance to the user particularly where properties vary in different parts of the profile. Since many rail manufacturers would not have previously carried out proving trials, the standard includes a prerequisite for all manufacturers to prove conformity against a set of qualifying test criteria at the time of tendering. The qualifying tests include all “normal” acceptance test results plus new ‘type-casting’ features such as fracture toughness, fatigue and residual stress (see EN 13674-1). To provide users with the necessary confidence, acceptance limits have been based on results from rail known to have performed well in demanding track installations.
One aspect of the standard, which is a complete break from tradition, is the inclusion of quality assurance and inspection clause as part of product integrity. In order that quality management systems are consistent across all manufacturers and that users have the best assurance for the consistency of required product quality on this safety critical component of the track, the rail standard requires that the manufacturer’s quality assurance systems are at least equivalent to the requirements of EN ISO 9001. The inclusion of this requirement also reduces the need to incorporate detailed method and calibration descriptions on items such as normal chemical composition determination and the need to define more extensive testing. SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 6 Ideally, manufacturing techniques should not be referenced in a product standard. However, some rail attributes are either not known in an exact manner or are not measurable with satisfactory statistical significance. In such cases best practice manufacturing techniques have been included as a last resort. The equipment specified is that which gives the best probability of achieving the required product for use in track. In the future new technology can add to, but preferably will reduce or delete such items. Examples of areas where the technological state of the art renders the standard less than complete include: oxide/oxygen relationships; hydrogen test techniques; roller straightening effects on residual stresses; roller straightening effects on contact scrub; measurement and effect of residual stresses throughout the rail. SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 7 1 Scope This part of EN 13674 specifies switch and crossing rails that carry railway wheels. These are used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails. This part of this standard is not applicable for the check rails that do not carry railway wheels. Eight pearlitic steel grades are specified covering a hardness range of 200 HBW to 390 HBW and include non heat treated non-alloy steels, non heat treated alloy steels, heat treated non-alloy steels and heat treated low alloy steels. There are !34 rail profiles" specified in this standard, but they may not all be available in all steel grades. Rails specified in EN 13674-1 may also be used as switch and crossing rails and if so used they shall comply with the requirements of EN 13674-1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10002-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature EN 10163-1, Delivery requirements for surface condition of hot-rolled steel plates, wide flats and sections — Part 1: General requirements EN 10276-1, Chemical analysis of ferrous materials — Determination of oxygen in steel and iron — Part 1: Sampling and preparation of steel samples for oxygen determination EN 13674-1:2003, Railway applications — Track — Rail — Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:2005) ISO 4968, Steel — Macrographic examination by sulfur print (Baumann method) DIN 50602, Metallographic examination; microscopic examination of special steels using standard diagrams to assess the content of non-metallic inclusions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 heat one liquid steel melt tapped out of a converter or electric arc furnace which includes after continuous casting a given number of blooms relating to the weight of the heat and the extension of the mixing zone NOTE In the case of sequence casting the blooms belonging to the mixing zone should be clearly defined. 3.2
sequence any number of heats, of the same steel grade, which undergo continuous casting in tundishes. Tundishes may be used in parallel if the caster has many strands SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 8 3.3 heat treated rail rail that has undergone accelerated cooling from austenitizing temperature during the metallurgical transformation period 3.4 re-heated rail all rolled rail that has undergone re-austenitization for heat treatment purposes 3.5 mill heat treated rail heat treated rail that has not undergone re-austenitization after rolling 3.6 rolling process process between the blooms leaving the heating furnace and exiting the finishing pass 3.7 isothermal treatment process process whereby blooms are held for a period of time at an elevated temperature for diminishing the hydrogen content NOTE 1 For maximum efficiency this is as near to (but below) the pearlite to austenite transformation temperature as is practically possible. NOTE 2 This process is sometimes referred to as sub critical diffusion annealing. 3.8 qualifying tests special tests and criteria which are relevant to some aspects of the service performance of rails. Acceptance tests also form part of the qualifying tests 3.9 acceptance tests tests carried out as part of the process and product control system, normally on a heat, sequence or tonnage basis 4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser !The purchaser shall provide the supplier with the following information when inviting tenders to supply: a) rail profiles (see Annex A); b) steel grades (see Table 1); c) length (or lengths) of rail (see 9.2.3 and Table 8); d) paint code requirements (see 7.4.4); e) undrilled or drilled rail ends to take fish plate bolts, and the location and dimensions of holes when required (see 9.2.3 and Table 8); f) any special treatments to be applied and corresponding tolerances for bolt holes (see 9.2.3); g) cold stamping on the cut surface, if applicable (see 7.4.3)." SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 9 5 Steel grades The applicable steel grades are given in Table 1. The hardness ranges of the steel grades shall conform to those given in Table 1. The steel grade designations referred to in this standard are compared to those in EN 10027-1 and EN 10027-2 in Annex B. Table 1 — Steel grades Grade a Hardness range (HBW) Description Branding lines R200 200 – 240 Non-alloy (C-Mn)
No branding lines R220 220 – 260 Non-alloy (C-Mn)
______ R260 260 – 300 Non-alloy (C-Mn) ___ ______ R260Mn 260 – 300 Non-alloy (C-Mn) ______ ______ R260Cr 260 – 300 Alloy (0,5 % Cr) ___ ______ ______ R320Cr 320 – 360 Alloy (1 % Cr) ______ ______ ______ R350HT 350 – 390b Non-alloy (C-Mn) heat treated ___ ______
______ R350LHT 350 – 390b !Non-alloy (C-Mn) heat treated" ___ ______
______ ___ a See Table 3 for chemical composition/mechanical properties. b See Table 5 for hardness requirements. 6 Dimensions, static properties, linear mass and tolerances Rail profiles, dimensions, static properties and linear masses shall be in accordance with Annex A. The tolerances of certain dimensions shall be given in Table 6. All other quantities are informative only. NOTE Linear masses have been calculated based on the density of steel of 7,85 g/cm3. SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 10 7 Manufacture 7.1 Product integrity 7.1.1 Factory production control Rails shall be produced under a comprehensive system of factory production control, which shall ensure confidence in the conformity of the finished product. The system shall address this European Standard to ensure that the finished products consistently comply with requirements to achieve the product integrity necessary to provide assurance of product safety in track. Manufacturers shall demonstrate continuing compliance, including documented evidence, with the factory production control system required. Manufacturers having a factory production control system which complies with EN ISO 9001 are recognised as satisfying the minimum requirements specified by this clause. 7.1.2 Best practice manufacture The product shall be manufactured to the best practices as defined in 7.1.1. NOTE This is to ensure that the rail attributes, described in the Introduction, which are not known in an exact manner or are not practically measurable, achieve the required high level of product integrity in track. 7.2 Blooms Blooms made from basic oxygen steel or electric arc furnace steel that has been secondary ladle arc refined, vacuum degassed and continuously cast, shall be used for the manufacture of rails. 7.3 Rails 7.3.1 The manufacturer shall operate a procedure for the effective removal of scale during the rolling and straightening processes. 7.3.2 The cross-sectional area of the rail shall not exceed one seventh that of the bloom from which the rail is rolled, except for full web rails (Figures A.23 to A.28), where this value shall not exceed one fifth. 7.3.3 Rail straightening shall be by a two stage roller straightening process which straightens the rail about its xx and yy axes as defined in the rail profiles shown in Annex A. End deviations or a localised deviation on the rail may be corrected using pressing. NOTE Other mandatory processes are described in the relevant clauses within the standard. 7.4 Identification 7.4.1 Branding Brand marks shall be rolled in relief on one side and in the middle of the web (see Annex A) of each rail at least once every 4 m. The brand marks on the rails shall be clearly legible and shall be 15 mm to 25 mm high, raised between 0,6 mm and 1,3 mm. For asymmetric rails, except 50E6A2, the brand shall be on the gauge side of the rail profile. For 50E6A2 rail the brand shall be on the non-gauge side. The branding line(s) to denote grade shall be 50 mm in length for the long branding line and 25 mm in length for the short branding line. The brand marks shall include: SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 11 a) identification of the mill; b) steel grade as shown in Table 1; c) last two Figures of the year of manufacture; d) rail profile identification as shown in Annex A. EXAMPLES ROLLING MILL __ ______ 99
60 E1A5 (60 E1A5 profile rail rolled 1999, non-alloy rail steel grade R260) ROLLING MILL __ ______
______ 99
60 E1T2 (60 E1T2 profile rail rolled 1999, non-alloy heat-treated rail steel grade R350HT). 7.4.2 Hot stamping In addition to the branding requirements of 7.4.1 each rail shall be identified by a numerical and/or alphabetical code system hot stamped on the non-branded side of the rail web by machine, except 50E6A2, and each rail shall be hot stamped at least once every 5 m. If for asymmetric rails hot stamping every 5 m is not practical, the identification of the rail shall be secured by hot stamping or rotary burr near one end of the rail. NOTE Subsequent cutting could result in more than one rail length having the same identity. The Figures and letters used shall be clearly legible and shall be 16 mm high. The stamped characters shall have a flat or radius face (1 mm to 1,5 mm wide) with bevels on each side. The letters and numbers shall be on a 10° angle from vertical and shall have rounded corners. The stamping shall be between 0,5 mm and 1,5 mm in depth along the centre of the web. The design shall be as shown in Figure 1. The identification system employed shall be such as to enable the hot stamped marking to be collated with: a) number of the heat from which the rail has been rolled; b) number of the strand and position of bloom within the strand; c) position of the rail in the bloom (A, B . Y). In the event of identification marks having been removed, omitted or requiring alteration, re-identification of such marks shall be made by rotary burr. 7.4.3 Cold stamping Cold stamping shall only be used on the cut face of the rail within the central portion of the head, at the request of the purchaser. 7.4.4 Other identification The steel grade may additionally be identified using paint. The purchaser shall specify the colour and position of the paint application. SIST EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010
EN 13674-2:2006+A1:2010 (E) 12 8 Qualification of the manufacturer The manufacturer has to qualify under section 8 of EN 13674-1:2003 and shall then be qualified for all profiles of this part of EN 13674, provided the qualification was for the profile 60E1, grade R260. NOTE The qualifying criteria specified in EN 13674-1:2003 may not be achieved using the rail grades specified in this part of the standard. 9 Acceptance tests 9.1 Laboratory tests 9.1.1 General Laboratory tests shall be performed, during production, at frequencies as stipulated in Table 2. Results for each laboratory test shall comply with the limiting values shown in Table 3. Additional information and other acceptance tests not covered by Table 3 shall comply with the requirements of 9.1.2 to 9.1.8 inclusive. All rails supplied shall meet the requirements of Clause 9. 9.1.2 Chemical composition 9.1.2.1 General The liquid chemical composition shall be determined for each heat. When the solid chemical composition is checked, this shall be carried out at the position of the tensile test piece. The chemical composition shall conform to the requirements of Table 3a) and Table 3b). 9.1.2.2 Hydrogen The hydrogen content of the liquid steel shall be measured by
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