SIST EN 61557-16:2015

Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 16: Equipment for testing the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment (IEC 61557-16:2014)

IEC 61557-16:2014 defines performance requirements for test and measurement equipment to determine the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical measures for electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment described in IEC 62353. It is the intention of this standard to achieve comparable measuring results, additional safety for the testing person and negligible electrical stress for the unit under test.
Keywords: leakage current, patient applied part

Elektrische Sicherheit in Niederspannungsnetzen bis AC 1 000 V und DC 1 500 V - Geräte zum Prüfen, Messen oder Überwachen von Schutzmaßnahmen - Teil 16: Geräte zur Prüfung der Wirksamkeit der Schutzmassnahmen von elektrischen Geräten und/oder medizinisch elektrischen Geräten (IEC 61557-16:2014)

Sécurité électrique dans les réseaux de distribution basse tension de 1 000 V c.a. et 1 500 V c.c. - Dispositifs de contrôle, de mesure ou de surveillance de mesures de protection - Partie 16: Équipement pour les essais de bon fonctionnement des mesures de protection de l'équipement électrique et/ou de l'équipement médical électrique (IEC 61557-16:2014)

L'IEC 61557-16:2014 définit les exigences de performance pour les matériels d'essai et de mesure pour déterminer l'efficacité des mesures de protection des mesures électriques pour les matériels électriques et/ou les matériels électriques médicaux décrits dans l'IEC 62353. La présente norme vise à obtenir des résultats de mesure comparables, une sécurité supplémentaire pour la personne réalisant les essais et une contrainte électrique négligeable pour l'unité soumise à essai.
Mots clé: courant de fuite, partie appliquée au patient

Električna varnost v nizkonapetostnih razdelilnih sistemih za izmenične napetosti do 1 kV in enosmerne napetosti do 1,5 kV - Oprema za preskušanje, merjenje ali nadzorovanje zaščitnih ukrepov - 16. del: Oprema za preskušanje učinkovitosti zaščitnih ukrepov električne opreme oziroma medicinske električne opreme (IEC 61557-16:2014)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 18-May-2015
• ICS: 17.220.20 - Measurement of electrical and magnetic quantities
• ICS: 29.080.01 - Electrical insulation in general
• ICS: 29.240.01 - Power transmission and distribution networks in general
• Technical Committee: MOV - Measuring equipment for electromagnetic quantities
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 11-Feb-2015
• Due Date: 18-Apr-2015
• Completion Date: 19-May-2015
• Directive: 2006/95/EC - Directive 2006/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on the harmonisation of the laws of Member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits (codified version)
• Directive: 2014/35/EU - Directive 2014/35/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on the harmonisation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits
• Mandate: M/511 - Mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI relating to harmonised standards in the field of the Low Voltage Directive
• Ref Project: EN 61557-16:2015 - Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 16: Equipment for testing the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment

Relations

• Revised: SIST EN IEC 61557-16:2025 - Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V AC and 1 500 V DC - Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 16: Equipment for testing the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment (IEC 61557-16:2023)
• Effective Date: 06-Jul-2021

EN 61557-16:2015 - Overview

EN 61557-16:2015 (CLC) is the European adoption of IEC 61557-16:2014. It specifies performance, construction and test requirements for portable test and measurement equipment used to verify the effectiveness of protective measures for general electrical equipment and medical electrical equipment (as referenced in IEC 62353). The standard aims to deliver comparable measuring results, increased safety for the testing person and negligible electrical stress for the unit under test.

Key topics and technical requirements

• Scope of measurement functions
  • Verification of protective bonding / protective earth resistance
  • Insulation resistance checks
  • Measurement of protective conductor current and equipment leakage current
  • Measurement of touch current, patient leakage current, and applied part leakage current
• Measurement methods
  • Alternative (indirect) methods
  • Direct or differential (residual) methods
  • Frequency characteristics and response requirements for leakage current measurement
• Construction and safety
  • Overload capability, terminal and socket requirements
  • Degree and class of protection (mechanical, ingress protection)
  • Resistance of protective bonding and battery control
  • EMC requirements and immunity to external magnetic fields
• Performance verification and tests
  • Determination of operating uncertainty and calibration criteria
  • Variation tests: position, supply voltage, temperature, harmonics, low-frequency magnetic fields, load current and repeated clamping
  • Normative annex (Annex A) with example current measuring circuit (MD) and frequency response guidance
• Marking & documentation
  • Required markings, safety information and operating instructions for safe use

Practical applications and users

EN 61557-16 is used where safe, repeatable verification of protective measures is required:

• Biomedical and clinical engineering teams testing patient applied parts and medical devices
• Manufacturers and designers of portable test equipment and leakage current clamps
• Electrical safety engineers and maintenance technicians in hospitals, laboratories and industrial sites
• Test laboratories and conformity assessment bodies applying IEC 62353 recurrent test methods
• Training providers and safety managers implementing electrical safety programs

Related standards

• IEC 62353 - Recurrent tests for medical electrical equipment
• Other parts of IEC/EN 61557 (Parts 1, 2, 4, 10, 13) - general requirements and specific test functions
• IEC 61010 series - safety of test and measurement equipment
• IEC 61326, IEC 60529 - EMC and degree of protection references

EN 61557-16:2015 is essential for ensuring reliable, safe measurements of leakage current and protective measures in both general and medical electrical equipment, supporting consistent test results and user safety.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2015
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GRN9LQHQRVPHUQHQDSHWRVWLGRN92SUHPD]DSUHVNXãDQMHPHUMHQMHDOL
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Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. -
Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective measures - Part 16:
Equipment for testing the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical
equipment and/or medical electrical equipment (IEC 61557-16:2014)
Elektrische Sicherheit in Niederspannungsnetzen bis AC 1 000 V und DC 1 500 V -
Geräte zum Prüfen, Messen oder Überwachen von Schutzmaßnahmen - Teil 16: Geräte
zur Prüfung der Wirksamkeit der Schutzmassnahmen von elektrischen Geräten und/oder
medizinisch elektrischen Geräten (IEC 61557-16:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61557-16:2015
ICS:
17.220.20 0HUMHQMHHOHNWULþQLKLQ Measurement of electrical
PDJQHWQLKYHOLþLQ and magnetic quantities
29.080.01 (OHNWULþQDL]RODFLMDQD Electrical insulation in
VSORãQR general
29.240.01 2PUHåMD]DSUHQRVLQ Power transmission and
GLVWULEXFLMRHOHNWULþQHHQHUJLMH distribution networks in
QDVSORãQR general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61557-16

NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2015
ICS 17.220.20; 29.080.01
English Version
Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V
a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or
monitoring of protective measures - Part 16: Equipment for
testing the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical
equipment and/or medical electrical equipment
(IEC 61557-16:2014)
Sécurité électrique dans les réseaux de distribution basse Elektrische Sicherheit in Niederspannungsnetzen
tension de 1 000 V c.a. et 1 500 V c.c. - Dispositifs de bis AC 1 000 V und DC 1 500 V - Geräte zum Prüfen,
contrôle, de mesure ou de surveillance de mesures de Messen oder Überwachen von Schutzmaßnahmen -
protection - Partie 16: Équipement pour les essais de bon Teil 16: Geräte zur Prüfung der Wirksamkeit der
fonctionnement des mesures de protection de l'équipement Schutzmassnahmen von elektrischen Geräten und/oder
électrique et/ou de l'équipement médical électrique medizinisch elektrischen Geräten
(IEC 61557-16:2014) (IEC 61557-16:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2015-01-15. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 61557-16:2015 E
Foreword
The text of document 85/487/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61557-16, prepared by
IEC/TC 85 "Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities" was submitted to the
IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 61557-16:2015.

The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2015-10-15
• latest date by which the document has to be
implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2018-01-15
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
This standard covers the Principle Elements of the Safety Objectives for Electrical Equipment
Designed for Use within Certain Voltage Limits (LVD - 2006/95/EC).

Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61557-16:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.

- 3 - EN 61557-16:2015
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60529 -  Degrees of protection provided by EN 60529 -
enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 61000-4-8 -  Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-8 -
Part 4-8: Testing and measurement
techniques - Power frequency magnetic
field immunity test
IEC 61010-1 -  Safety requirements for electrical EN 61010-1 -
equipment for measurement, control
and laboratory use -
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61010-031 -  Safety requirements for electrical EN 61010-031 -
equipment for measurement, control
and laboratory use -
Part 031: Safety requirements for hand-
held probe assemblies for electrical
measurement and test
IEC 61010-2-030 -  Safety requirements for electrical EN 61010-2-030 -
equipment for measurement, control
and laboratory use -
Part 2-030: Particular requirements for
testing and measuring circuits
IEC 61010-2-032 -  Safety requirements for electrical EN 61010-2-032 -
equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use -
Part 2-032: Particular requirements for
hand-held and hand-manipulated current
sensors for electrical test and
measurement
IEC 61326-1 -  Electrical equipment for measurement, EN 61326-1 -
control and laboratory use - EMC
requirements -
Part 1: General requirements
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 61326-2-2 -  Electrical equipment for measurement, EN 61326-2-2 -
control and laboratory use - EMC
requirements -
Part 2-2: Particular requirements - Test
configurations, operational conditions
and performance criteria for portable test,
measuring and monitoring equipment used
in low-voltage distribution systems
IEC 61557-1 2007 Electrical safety in low voltage distribution EN 61557-1 2007
systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V
d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or
monitoring of protective measures -
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61557-2 -  Electrical safety in low voltage distribution EN 61557-2 -
systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V
d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or
monitoring of protective measures -
Part 2: Insulation resistance
IEC 61557-4 2007 Electrical safety in low voltage distribution EN 61557-4 2007
systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V
d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or
monitoring of protective measures -
Part 4: Resistance of earth connection
and equipotential bonding
IEC 61557-10 -  Electrical safety in low voltage distribution EN 61557-10 -
systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V
d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or
monitoring of protective measures -
Part 10: Combined measuring equipment
for testing, measuring or monitoring of
protective measures
IEC 61557-13 2011 Electrical safety in low voltage distribution EN 61557-13 2011
systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V
d.c. - Equipment for testing, measuring or
monitoring of protective measures -
Part 13: Hand-held and hand-manipulated
current clamps and sensors for
measurement of leakage currents in
electrical distribution systems
IEC 62353 -  Medical electrical equipment - Recurrent EN 62353 -
test and test after repair of medical
electrical equipment
IEC 61557-16 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electrical safety in low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and

1 500 V d.c. – Equipment for testing, measuring or monitoring of protective

measures –
Part 16: Equipment for testing the effectiveness of the protective measures of

electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment

Sécurité électrique dans les réseaux de distribution basse tension de

1 000 V c.a. et 1 500 V c.c. – Dispositifs de contrôle, de mesure ou de

surveillance de mesures de protection –

Partie 16: Équipement pour les essais de bon fonctionnement des mesures de

protection de l'équipement électrique et/ou de l'équipement médical électrique

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX R
ICS 17.220.20; 29.080.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-1979-9

– 2 – IEC 61557-16:2014 © IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Requirements . 9
4.1 Measurement requirements for measuring equipment . 9
4.1.1 General . 9
4.1.2 Measurement of the resistance of the protective bonding or the
protective earth resistance . 9
4.1.3 Measurement of insulation resistance . 10
4.1.4 Measurement of protective conductor current and/or equipment leakage
current with the alternative method . 10
4.1.5 Measurement of touch current, patient leakage current and applied part
leakage current with the alternative method . 10
4.1.6 Measurement of protective conductor current and or equipment leakage
current with the direct method or differential method (residual method) . 11
4.1.7 Measurement of touch current, patient leakage current and applied part
leakage current with the direct method or differential method (residual
method) . 11
4.2 Construction requirements for testing equipment . 12
4.2.1 Overload capability . 12
4.2.2 Terminals . 12
4.2.3 Sockets for service purposes . 12
4.2.4 Degree of protection . 12
4.2.5 Class of protection . 12
4.2.6 Resistance of protective bonding . 12
4.2.7 Battery control . 12
4.2.8 Mechanical requirements . 13
4.2.9 Pollution degree . 13
4.2.10 Safety . 13
4.2.11 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 13
4.2.12 Accessories . 13
5 Markings and operating instructions . 13
5.1 Markings . 13
5.2 Operating instructions . 14
6 Tests . 14
6.1 General . 14
6.2 Operating uncertainty . 14
6.3 Variations . 16
6.3.1 Variation due to position . 16
6.3.2 Variation due to supply voltage . 16
6.3.3 Variation due to temperature . 16
6.3.4 Variation due to harmonics . 16
6.3.5 Variations due to external low frequency magnetic field . 16
6.3.6 Variations due to load current . 16

IEC 61557-16:2014 © IEC 2014 – 3 –
6.3.7 Variations due to touch current caused by common mode voltage (if
applicable) . 16
6.3.8 Variations due to frequency of measured leakage current with direct
method or differential method . 17
6.3.9 Variations due to repeated clamping (if applicable) . 17
6.4 Tests of measuring circuits according to measuring functions . 17
6.5 Test of construction requirements of test and measurement equipment . 17
Annex A (normative) Measuring circuit MD . 18
A.1 Current measuring circuit MD . 18
A.2 Frequency characteristic of current measuring circuit MD . 18

Figure A.1 – Example of a current measuring circuit MD . 18
Figure A.2 – Example of a frequency characteristic of current measuring circuit MD . 19

Table 1 – Determination of operating uncertainty . 15
Table 2 – Compliance tests of measuring circuits according to measuring function . 17
Table 3 – Compliance test of construction requirements of test and measuring
equipment . 17

– 4 – IEC 61557-16:2014 © IEC 2014
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRICAL SAFETY IN LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS UP
TO 1 000 V A.C. AND 1 500 V D.C. – EQUIPMENT FOR TESTING,
MEASURING OR MONITORING OF PROTECTIVE MEASURES –

Part 16: Equipment for testing the effectiveness of the protective
measures of electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61557-16 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 85:
Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
85/487/FDIS 85/504/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

IEC 61557-16:2014 © IEC 2014 – 5 –
This part of IEC 61557 shall be used in conjunction with Part 1.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61557 series, published under the general title Electrical safety in
low voltage distribution systems up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c. – Equipment for testing,
measuring or monitoring of protective measures, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 6 – IEC 61557-16:2014 © IEC 2014
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 61557 defines performance requirements for measuring equipment using
measuring methods described in IEC 62353, especially for evaluation of leakage currents
within electrical equipment. It is the intention of this standard to achieve comparable
measuring results, additional safety for the testing person and negligible electrical stress for
the unit under test.
IEC 61557-16:2014 © IEC 2014 – 7 –
ELECTRICAL SAFETY IN LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS UP
TO 1 000 V A.C. AND 1 500 V D.C. – EQUIPMENT FOR TESTING,
MEASURING OR MONITORING OF PROTECTIVE MEASURES –

Part 16: Equipment for testing the effectiveness of the protective
measures of electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment

1 Scope
This part of IEC 61557 defines performance requirements for test and measurement
equipment to determine the effectiveness of the protective measures of electrical measures
for electrical equipment and/or medical electrical equipment described in IEC 62353.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 61000-4-8, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-8: Testing and measurement
techniques – Power frequency magnetic field immunity test
IEC 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61010-031, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and
laboratory use – Part 031: Safety requirements for hand-held probe assemblies for electrical
measurement and test
IEC 61010-2-030, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – Part 2-030: Particular requirements for testing and measuring circuits
IEC 61010-2-032, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and
laboratory use – Part 2-032: Particular requirements for hand-held and hand-manipulated
current sensors for electrical test and measurement
IEC 61326-1, Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use – EMC
requirements – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61326-2-2, Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use – EMC
requirements – Part 2-2: Particular requirements – Test configurations, operational conditions
and performance criteria for portable test, measu
...