SIST EN 14363:2016
(Main)Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
Railway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests
This document defines the process for assessment of the running characteristics of railway vehicles for the European network of standard gauge tracks (nominally 1 435 mm).
In addition to the assessment of the running characteristics of vehicles for acceptance processes, the standard also defines quantities and dependencies that are not directly used for acceptance purposes. This information is for example intended for the validation of simulation models. It can also be used to define operating conditions outside the reference conditions to be used for the approval.
The assessment of running characteristics applies to vehicles which:
are newly developed;
have had relevant design modifications; or
have changes in their operating conditions.
The assessment process is based on specified target test conditions (see 3.1) given in this document and applies to reference conditions (see 3.2) of infrastructure also defined herein in combination with the maximum operating conditions (speed and cant deficiency) defined for the vehicle. The standard also enables the demonstration of compliance against the target test conditions for the case that their combination is not achievable during tests.
NOTE 1 National regulations may allow the increase or decrease of the values for speed and cant deficiency for local operation based on safety considerations taking into account the local characteristics of the infrastructure (track layout, track structure, track geometrical quality and contact conditions). These characteristics can be different from those included in the assessment for the vehicle acceptance.
NOTE 2 For infrastructure conditions more severe than the reference conditions safe operation of the vehicle is achieved by general operating rules. These operating rules are defined on national basis. The procedure to evaluate these operating rules is out of the scope of this standard.
NOTE 3 It is generally current practice to restrict cant deficiency in curves below a certain radius.
NOTE 4 It is assumed that vehicles complying with this standard can be operated safely on infrastructure with conditions more severe than the reference conditions, if the current general operating rules are applied. It may be necessary to adapt these operating rules, if a deterioration of the infrastructure conditions is observed.
NOTE 5 The methods of this standard can also be applied to gather information about the compatibility between the vehicle and infrastructure with conditions more severe than the reference conditions. The results of such investigations can be used to determine safe operating rules for such infrastructure conditions.
Where testing the vehicle demonstrates that the performance of a vehicle complies with the requirements of this standard when operating at maximum speed and maximum cant deficiency under infrastructure conditions that are more severe than the reference conditions it is recommended that the results of such investigations (test and proven operating conditions) are documented to avoid unnecessary testing in several countries.
This standard addresses four aspects:
Vehicles
The assessment of the running characteristics applies principally to all railway vehicles. The document contains acceptance criteria for all types of vehicles with axle loads up to 225 kN. In addition for freight vehicles with axle loads up to 250 kN the acceptance criteria are defined. The acceptance criteria given in this document apply to vehicles designed to operate on standard gauge tracks.
Infrastructure
In the acceptance process the range of curve radii is defined, in which the vehicle is assessed. A vehicle accepted according to the requirements of the standard is able to be operated on all standard gauge tracks complying with EN 13803-1 and EN 13803-2.
This document also gives guidance about the handling of geometric track quality associated with the assessment.
Bahnanwendungen - Zulassungsprozess bezüglich der fahrtechnischen Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Prüfung des Fahrverhaltens und stationäre Versuche
Applications ferroviaires - Essais en vue de l'homologation du comportement dynamique des véhicules ferroviaires - Essais en ligne et à poste fixe
La présente Norme européenne définit le processus d’évaluation du comportement dynamique des véhicules ferroviaires pour le réseau européen de voies à écartement normal (à savoir 1 435 mm).
Outre l’évaluation du comportement dynamique des véhicules pour les processus d’homologation, cette norme définit également les grandeurs et les éléments afférents qui ne sont pas directement utilisés pour les besoins de l’homologation. Ces informations sont prévues, par exemple, pour la validation des modèles de simulation. Elles peuvent également être utilisées pour définir les conditions d’exploitation hors des conditions de référence à utiliser pour l’homologation.
L’évaluation du comportement dynamique s’applique aux véhicules :
de conception nouvelle ;
dont la conception a été modifiée de façon sensible ; ou
dont les conditions d’exploitation ont été modifiées.
Le processus d’évaluation s’appuie sur des conditions d’essai cibles spécifiées (voir 3.1) données dans le présent document et s’applique aux conditions de référence (voir 3.2) de l’infrastructure également définies ci-après, en combinaison avec les conditions d’exploitation maximales (vitesse et insuffisance de dévers) définies pour le véhicule. Cette norme permet également la démonstration de la conformité aux conditions d’essai cibles dans le cas où leur combinaison ne peut pas être obtenue pendant les essais.
NOTE 1 Les réglementations nationales peuvent permettre l’augmentation ou la diminution des valeurs de la vitesse et de l’insuffisance de dévers pour l’exploitation locale sur la base de considérations de sécurité, en tenant compte des caractéristiques de l’infrastructure locale (tracé de voie, structure des voies, qualité géométrique de la voie et conditions de contact). Ces caractéristiques peuvent être différentes de celles comprises dans l’évaluation pour l’homologation du véhicule.
NOTE 2 Pour des conditions d’infrastructure plus exigeantes que les conditions de référence, l’exploitation en toute sécurité du véhicule est assurée par des règles générales d’exploitation. Ces règles d’exploitation sont définies au niveau national. Le mode opératoire pour l’évaluation de ces règles d’exploitation n’appartient pas au domaine d’application de la présente norme.
NOTE 3 Il est généralement de pratique courante de restreindre l’insuffisance de dévers dans les courbes dont le rayon est inférieur à une certaine valeur.
NOTE 4 Les véhicules conformes à la présente norme sont supposés pouvoir être exploités en sécurité sur une infrastructure régie par des conditions plus strictes que les conditions de référence, si les règles générales d’exploitation actuelles sont appliquées. Il peut être nécessaire d’adapter ces règles d’exploitation, si une dégradation de l’infrastructure est observée.
NOTE 5 Les méthodes de la présente norme peuvent également être appliquées pour collecter des informations relatives à la compatibilité entre le véhicule et l’infrastructure dont les conditions sont plus strictes que les conditions de référence. Les résultats de telles études peuvent être utilisés pour déterminer les règles d’exploitation en sécurité pour de telles conditions d’infrastructure.
Lorsque les essais sur le véhicule démontrent que ses performances sont conformes aux exigences de la présente norme lors d’une exploitation à la vitesse maximale et pour une insuffisance de dévers maximale dans des conditions d’infrastructure plus strictes que les conditions de référence, il est recommandé de consigner les résultats de telles études (essais et conditions d’exploitation avérées) afin d’éviter des essais inutiles dans plusieurs pays.
Železniške naprave - Preskušanje in simuliranje voznih karakteristik pri prevzemu železniških vozil - Preskušanje obnašanja med vožnjo in mirovanjem
Ta dokument določa postopek za ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik železniških vozil za evropsko omrežje standardnih profilnih tirnic (nominalno 1435 mm).
Poleg ocenjevanja voznih karakteristik vozil za prevzemne postopke standard določa tudi količine in odvisnosti, ki niso neposredno uporabljene za prevzemne namene. Te informacije so na primer namenjene za ovrednotenje simulacijskih modelov. Uporabljajo se lahko tudi za določanje obratovalnih pogojev izven referenčnih pogojev, ki bodo uporabljeni za odobritev.
Ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik se uporablja za:
novo razvita vozila;
vozila z bistveno spremenjeno zasnovo; ali
vozila s spremenjenimi obratovalnimi pogoji.
Ocenjevalni postopek temelji na določenih ciljnih preskusnih pogojih (glej 3.1), ki so podani v tem dokumentu, in obravnava referenčne pogoje (glej 3.2) infrastrukture, ki so prav tako določeni v tem dokumentu, v kombinaciji z največjimi dovoljenimi obratovalnimi pogoji (hitrost in primanjkljaj nadvišanja), ki veljajo za posamezno vozilo. Standard prav tako omogoča prikaz skladnosti glede na ciljne preskusne pogoje v primeru, da takšne kombinacije med preskušanjem ni mogoče doseči.
OPOMBA 1: Nacionalni predpisi lahko dovoljujejo povečanje ali zmanjšanje vrednosti za hitrost in primanjkljaj nadvišanja za lokalno obratovanje na podlagi varnostnih napotkov ter ob upoštevanju lokalnih karakteristik infrastrukture (razporeditev tirov, struktura tirov, geometrijska kakovost tirov in kontaktni pogoji). Te karakteristike se lahko razlikujejo od tistih, ki so vključene v ocenjevanje za prevzem vozila.
OPOMBA 2: Za infrastrukturne pogoje, ki so zahtevnejši od referenčnih pogojev, se varno obratovanje vozila doseže z upoštevanjem splošnih pravil glede obratovanja. Ta pravila so določena na nacionalni ravni. Postopek za vrednotenje teh pravil ni zajet v tem standardu.
OPOMBA 3: V splošnem je trenutna praksa omejevanje primanjkljaja nadvišanja v krivinah, ki ne dosegajo določenega polmera.
OPOMBA 4: Predpostavlja se, da lahko vozila, ki so skladna s tem standardom, varno obratujejo na infrastrukturi v pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od referenčnih pogojev, če so upoštevana veljavna splošna pravila glede obratovanja. V primeru poslabšanja infrastrukturnih pogojev je morda treba prilagoditi pravila glede obratovanja.
OPOMBA 5: Metode iz tega standarda se lahko uporabljajo tudi za zbiranje informacij o združljivosti vozila in infrastrukture pri pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od referenčnih pogojev. Rezultati takšnih preiskav se lahko uporabijo za določitev pravil glede varnega obratovanja v takšnih infrastrukturnih pogojih.
Če preskus pokaže, da vozilo ob največji hitrosti in največjem primanjkljaju nadvišanja v infrastrukturnih pogojih, ki so zahtevnejši od referenčnih pogojev, obratuje v skladu z zahtevami tega standarda, je priporočljivo, da se rezultati takšnih preiskav (preskusnih in preverjenih obratovalnih pogojev) dokumentirajo, s čimer se prepreči nepotrebno preskušanje v različnih državah.
Ta standard obravnava štiri vidike:
Vozila
Ocenjevanje voznih karakteristik se v glavnem uporablja za vsa železniška vozila. Dokument vključuje prevzemne kriterije za vse vrste vozil z največjo osno obremenitvijo 225 kN. Prav tako so določeni prevzemni kriteriji za tovorna vozila z največjo osno obremenitvijo 250 kN. Prevzemni kriteriji v tem dokumentu veljajo za vozila, ki obratujejo na standardnih profilnih tirnicah.
Infrastruktura
V prevzemnem postopku je določen razpon polmerov krivin, v okviru katerega se ocenjuje vozilo. Vozilo, prevzeto v skladu z zahtevami standarda, lahko obratuje na vseh standardnih profilnih tirnicah, ki so skladne s standardoma EN 13803-1 in EN 13803-2.
Ta dokument podaja tudi navodila za obravnavo geometrijske kakovosti tirnic v zvezi z ocenjevanjem.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Železniške naprave - Preskušanje in simuliranje voznih karakteristik pri prevzemu železniških vozil - Preskušanje obnašanja med vožnjo in mirovanjemBahnanwendungen - Zulassungsprozess bezüglich der fahrtechnischen Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen - Prüfung des Fahrverhaltens und stationäre VersucheApplications ferroviaires - Essais en vue de l'homologation du comportement dynamique des véhicules ferroviaires - Essais en ligne et à poste fixeRailway applications - Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles - Running Behaviour and stationary tests45.060.01Železniška vozila na splošnoRailway rolling stock in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14363:2016SIST EN 14363:2016en,fr,de01-maj-2016SIST EN 14363:2016SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15687:2011SIST EN 15686:2011SIST EN 14363:20051DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14363:2016
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14363
March
t r s x ICS
v wä r x rä r s Supersedes EN
s v u x uã t r r wá EN
s w x z xã t r s rá EN
s w x z yã t r s rEnglish Version
Railway applications æ Testing and Simulation for the acceptance of running characteristics of railway vehicles æ Running Behaviour and stationary tests Applications ferroviaires æ Essais et simulations en vue de l 5homologation des caractéristiques dynamiques desvéhicules ferroviaires æ Comportement dynamique et essais stationnaires
Bahnanwendungen æ Versuche und Simulationen für die Zulassung der fahrtechnischen Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen æ Fahrverhalten und stationäre Versuche This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s { September
t r s wä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey andUnited Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
9
t r s x CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s v u x uã t r s x ESIST EN 14363:2016
EN 14363:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 6 Introduction . 7 1 Scope . 9 2 Normative references . 11 3 Terms and definitions . 12 4 Deviations from requirements . 14 5 Test requirements . 15 5.1 Measuring uncertainty . 15 5.2 Test extent . 15 5.2.1 General . 15 5.2.2 Fault modes . 15 5.3 Test vehicle . 16 5.3.1 Selection and status of the vehicle . 16 5.3.2 Loading conditions . 16 5.3.3 Distribution of static wheel forces . 17 5.4 Assessment of test result . 17 5.5 Documentation of test . 18 6 First stages assessment . 19 6.1 Safety against derailment on twisted track . 19 6.1.1 General . 19 6.1.2 Signal processing . 20 6.1.3 Rail test conditions . 20 6.1.4 Vehicle test conditions . 21 6.1.5 Test methods . 23 6.2 Safety against derailment under longitudinal compressive forces in S-shaped curves . 37 6.3 Evaluation of the torsional coefficient of a vehicle body . 37 6.4 Determination of displacement characteristics . 38 6.5 Loading of the diverging branch of a switch . 38 6.6 Running safety in curved crossings for vehicles with small wheels . 38 7 Second stage – dynamic performance assessment . 39 7.1 General . 39 7.2 Choice of measuring method . 40 7.2.1 General . 40 7.2.2 Base conditions for the use of the simplified measuring method and measurement of axle box forces . 41 7.2.3 Simplifications for separate stability testing . 42 7.3 Performing on-track tests . 42 7.3.1 General . 42 7.3.2 Test zones and track sections . 48 7.3.3 Extent of tests . 49 7.3.4 Test operation . 50 7.4 Measured quantities and measuring points . 50 7.5 Assessment quantities and limit values . 52 7.5.1 General . 52 7.5.2 Running safety . 57 SIST EN 14363:2016
EN 14363:2016 (E) 3 7.5.3 Track loading . 58 7.5.4 Ride characteristics . 58 7.6 Test evaluation . 58 7.6.1 Overview . 58 7.6.2 Recording the measuring signals . 59 7.6.3 Statistical evaluation in test zones . 60 7.6.4 Evaluation of test results in transition curves . 67 7.6.5 Verification of stability . 67 7.7 Documentation . 67 7.7.1 General . 67 7.7.2 Description of the vehicle design and status of the tested vehicle . 68 7.7.3 Additional information for future extension of acceptance . 68 7.7.4 Description of the test routes . 68 7.7.5 Description of data capture . 68 7.7.6 Description of evaluation . 68 7.7.7 Test results (including additional information for model validation) . 69 7.7.8 Deficiencies in reaching the target test conditions . 70 7.7.9 Infrastructure conditions more severe than the target test conditions . 70 Annex A (informative)
Information on safety against derailment . 71 A.1 Factors influencing the safety against derailment of vehicles running on twisted track . 71 A.2 Evaluation and limit value for safety against derailment . 72 A.3 Friction conditions during testing on special track . 73 A.4 Special conditions for vehicles with air springs . 75 A.5 Test twist conditions for articulated vehicles . 76 A.6 Test twist conditions for vehicles with more than two suspension levels. 82 A.7 Calculation of the shim sizes (test method 1) . 83 A.8 Performing and evaluating a twist test for a two-axle vehicle (test method 2) . 84 A.9 Performing and evaluation of a twist test for a vehicle with two bogies with two axles (test method 2) . 87 Annex B (informative)
Computer simulations designed to examine whether the vehicle has an acceptable resistance to flange climbing derailment at low speed . 95 B.1 General requirement . 95 B.2 Computer output .
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