SIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
Geographic information - Terminology
Geographic information - Terminology
ISO TS 19104:2008 is applicable to international communication in the field of geographic information.
It provides the guidelines for collection and maintenance of terminology in the field of geographic information. It establishes criteria for selection of concepts to be included in other standards concerning geographic information, which are developed by ISO/TC 211, specifies the structure of the terminological record, and describes the principles for definition writing.
ISO TS 19104:2008 also lays down the guidelines for maintenance of a Terminology Repository.
Information géographique - Terminologie
Geografske informacije - Terminologija
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 19104
First edition
2008-11-15
Geographic information — Terminology
Information géographique — Terminologie
Reference number
©
ISO 2008
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2008
The reproduction of the terms and definitions contained in this International Standard is permitted in teaching manuals, instruction
booklets, technical publications and journals for strictly educational or implementation purposes. The conditions for such reproduction are:
that no modifications are made to the terms and definitions; that such reproduction is not permitted for dictionaries or similar publications
offered for sale; and that this International Standard is referenced as the source document.
With the sole exceptions noted above, no other part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Conformance .1
3 Normative references.1
4 Terms and definitions.1
5 Abbreviated terms.4
6 Criteria for the selection of concepts.4
7 Structure of the terminological record.4
7.1 Record content .4
7.2 Mandatory data fields.5
7.3 Term equivalents.5
Annex A (normative) Maintenance of the Terminology Repository .6
A.1 Introduction.6
A.2 Terminology Repository .6
A.3 Terminology status review process .7
Annex B (normative) Terms and Definitions from ISO/TC 211 International Standards and
Technical Specifications .11
Annex C (normative) Principles for definition writing .95
C.1 Basic principles.95
C.2 Developing definitions .95
Bibliography.97
Alphabetical index.99
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:
— an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;
— an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee
casting a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 19104 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This Technical Specification, along with a repository of geographic information system (GIS) terminology in
the form of a terminological database, is expected to be a central reference for the shared language between
participants and users alike. It defines the criteria for including concepts in the vocabulary, specifies the
terminological data to be recorded, and, within the electronically processable repository, introduces an initial
set of concepts with definitions that will be subject to ongoing maintenance.
This Technical Specification describes the structure of entries and the types of terminological data that are to
be recorded. In addition, it includes principles for definition writing as outlined in ISO 10241 and ISO 704. The
structure of a terminological record is given in Clause 7.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19104:2008(E)
Geographic information — Terminology
1 Scope
This Technical Specification is applicable to international communication in the field of geographic information.
This Technical Specification provides the guidelines for collection and maintenance of terminology in the field
of geographic information. It establishes criteria for selection of concepts to be included in other standards
concerning geographic information, which are developed by ISO/TC 211, specifies the structure of the
terminological record, and describes the principles for definition writing.
This Technical Specification also lays down the guidelines for maintenance of a Terminology Repository
(see Annex A).
2 Conformance
Any product that claims conformance with this Technical Specification shall comply with the requirements
described in the normative clauses and annexes.
Where a new term has been created for an existing concept, or an existing term has been incorrectly applied,
the candidate document shall not be in conformance. Concepts and their definitions may be included with the
candidate terms until conformance is demonstrated.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 639-2, Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 2: Alpha-3 code
ISO 704, Terminology work — Principles and methods
ISO 3166-1, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions — Part 1: Country
codes
ISO 10241, International terminology standards — Preparation and layout
ISO 19108:2002, Geographic information — Temporal schema
4 Terms and definitions
The core list of terms and definitions from the ISO/TC 211 geographic information International Standards and
Technical Specifications is given in Annex B.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
4.1
abbreviation
designation formed by omitting words or letters from a longer form and designating the same concept
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.2
admitted term
term rated according to the scale of the term acceptability rating as a synonym for a preferred term
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.3
concept
unit of knowledge created by a unique combination of characteristics
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
NOTE Concepts are not necessarily bound to particular languages. They are, however, influenced by the social or
cultural background which often leads to different categorizations.
4.4
concept harmonization
activity leading to the establishment of a correspondence between two or more closely related or overlapping
concepts having professional, technical, scientific, social, economic, linguistic, cultural or other differences, in
order to eliminate or reduce minor differences between them
[ISO 860:2007]
NOTE The purpose of concept harmonization is to improve communication.
4.5
concept system
set of concepts structured according to the relations among them
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.6
definition
representation of a concept by a descriptive statement which serves to differentiate it from related concepts
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.7
deprecated term
term rated according to the scale of the term acceptability rating as undesired
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.8
designation
designator
representation of a concept by a sign which denotes it
NOTE In terminology work, three types of designations are distinguished: symbols, appellations and terms.
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
4.9
extension
totality of objects to which a concept corresponds
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.10
language
system of signs for communications, usually consisting of vocabulary and rules
[ISO 5127-1]
NOTE In this Technical Specification, language refers to natural language or special languages but not to programming
languages or artificial languages unless specifically identified.
4.11
language identifier
information in a terminological entry which indicates the name of a language
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.12
obsolete term
term which is no longer in common use
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.13
preferred term
term rated according to the scale of the term acceptability rating as the primary term for a given concept
[ISO 1087-1]
4.14
subordinate concept
narrower concept
concept which is either a specific concept or a partitive concept
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.15
term
verbal designation of a general concept in a specific subject field
[ISO 1087-1]
NOTE A term may contain symbols and can have variants, e.g. different forms of spelling.
4.16
term equivalent
term in another language which designates the same concept
NOTE A term equivalent should be accompanied by a definition of the designated concept expressed in the same
language as the term equivalent.
4.17
term instance classification
classification identifying the status of a term
4.18
terminological record
structured collection of terminological data relevant to one concept
4.19
terminological record identifier
unique, unambiguous, and linguistically neutral identifier assigned to a terminological
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
01-maj-2009
Geografske informacije - Terminologija
Geographic information - Terminology
Information géographique - Terminologie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/TS 19104:2008
ICS:
01.040.35 Informacijska tehnologija. Information technology.
Pisarniški stroji (Slovarji) Office machines
(Vocabularies)
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 19104
First edition
2008-11-15
Geographic information — Terminology
Information géographique — Terminologie
Reference number
©
ISO 2008
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2008
The reproduction of the terms and definitions contained in this International Standard is permitted in teaching manuals, instruction
booklets, technical publications and journals for strictly educational or implementation purposes. The conditions for such reproduction are:
that no modifications are made to the terms and definitions; that such reproduction is not permitted for dictionaries or similar publications
offered for sale; and that this International Standard is referenced as the source document.
With the sole exceptions noted above, no other part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Conformance .1
3 Normative references.1
4 Terms and definitions.1
5 Abbreviated terms.4
6 Criteria for the selection of concepts.4
7 Structure of the terminological record.4
7.1 Record content .4
7.2 Mandatory data fields.5
7.3 Term equivalents.5
Annex A (normative) Maintenance of the Terminology Repository .6
A.1 Introduction.6
A.2 Terminology Repository .6
A.3 Terminology status review process .7
Annex B (normative) Terms and Definitions from ISO/TC 211 International Standards and
Technical Specifications .11
Annex C (normative) Principles for definition writing .95
C.1 Basic principles.95
C.2 Developing definitions .95
Bibliography.97
Alphabetical index.99
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:
— an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;
— an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee
casting a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 19104 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
Introduction
This Technical Specification, along with a repository of geographic information system (GIS) terminology in
the form of a terminological database, is expected to be a central reference for the shared language between
participants and users alike. It defines the criteria for including concepts in the vocabulary, specifies the
terminological data to be recorded, and, within the electronically processable repository, introduces an initial
set of concepts with definitions that will be subject to ongoing maintenance.
This Technical Specification describes the structure of entries and the types of terminological data that are to
be recorded. In addition, it includes principles for definition writing as outlined in ISO 10241 and ISO 704. The
structure of a terminological record is given in Clause 7.
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19104:2008(E)
Geographic information — Terminology
1 Scope
This Technical Specification is applicable to international communication in the field of geographic information.
This Technical Specification provides the guidelines for collection and maintenance of terminology in the field
of geographic information. It establishes criteria for selection of concepts to be included in other standards
concerning geographic information, which are developed by ISO/TC 211, specifies the structure of the
terminological record, and describes the principles for definition writing.
This Technical Specification also lays down the guidelines for maintenance of a Terminology Repository
(see Annex A).
2 Conformance
Any product that claims conformance with this Technical Specification shall comply with the requirements
described in the normative clauses and annexes.
Where a new term has been created for an existing concept, or an existing term has been incorrectly applied,
the candidate document shall not be in conformance. Concepts and their definitions may be included with the
candidate terms until conformance is demonstrated.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 639-2, Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 2: Alpha-3 code
ISO 704, Terminology work — Principles and methods
ISO 3166-1, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions — Part 1: Country
codes
ISO 10241, International terminology standards — Preparation and layout
ISO 19108:2002, Geographic information — Temporal schema
4 Terms and definitions
The core list of terms and definitions from the ISO/TC 211 geographic information International Standards and
Technical Specifications is given in Annex B.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
4.1
abbreviation
designation formed by omitting words or letters from a longer form and designating the same concept
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.2
admitted term
term rated according to the scale of the term acceptability rating as a synonym for a preferred term
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.3
concept
unit of knowledge created by a unique combination of characteristics
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
NOTE Concepts are not necessarily bound to particular languages. They are, however, influenced by the social or
cultural background which often leads to different categorizations.
4.4
concept harmonization
activity leading to the establishment of a correspondence between two or more closely related or overlapping
concepts having professional, technical, scientific, social, economic, linguistic, cultural or other differences, in
order to eliminate or reduce minor differences between them
[ISO 860:2007]
NOTE The purpose of concept harmonization is to improve communication.
4.5
concept system
set of concepts structured according to the relations among them
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.6
definition
representation of a concept by a descriptive statement which serves to differentiate it from related concepts
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.7
deprecated term
term rated according to the scale of the term acceptability rating as undesired
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.8
designation
designator
representation of a concept by a sign which denotes it
NOTE In terminology work, three types of designations are distinguished: symbols, appellations and terms.
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
oSIST-TS ISO/TS 19104:2009
4.9
extension
totality of objects to which a concept corresponds
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.10
language
system of signs for communications, usually consisting of vocabulary and rules
[ISO 5127-1]
NOTE In this Technical Specification, language refers to natural language or special languages but not to programming
languages or artificial languages unless specifically identified.
4.11
language identifier
information in a terminological entry which indicates the name of a language
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.12
obsolete term
term which is no longer in common use
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.13
preferred term
term rated according to the scale of the term acceptability r
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2009
Geografske informacije - Terminologija
Geographic information - Terminology
Information géographique - Terminologie
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/TS 19104:2008
ICS:
01.040.35 Informacijska tehnologija. Information technology.
Pisarniški stroji (Slovarji) Office machines
(Vocabularies)
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 19104
First edition
2008-11-15
Geographic information — Terminology
Information géographique — Terminologie
Reference number
©
ISO 2008
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
© ISO 2008
The reproduction of the terms and definitions contained in this International Standard is permitted in teaching manuals, instruction
booklets, technical publications and journals for strictly educational or implementation purposes. The conditions for such reproduction are:
that no modifications are made to the terms and definitions; that such reproduction is not permitted for dictionaries or similar publications
offered for sale; and that this International Standard is referenced as the source document.
With the sole exceptions noted above, no other part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Conformance .1
3 Normative references.1
4 Terms and definitions.1
5 Abbreviated terms.4
6 Criteria for the selection of concepts.4
7 Structure of the terminological record.4
7.1 Record content .4
7.2 Mandatory data fields.5
7.3 Term equivalents.5
Annex A (normative) Maintenance of the Terminology Repository .6
A.1 Introduction.6
A.2 Terminology Repository .6
A.3 Terminology status review process .7
Annex B (normative) Terms and Definitions from ISO/TC 211 International Standards and
Technical Specifications .11
Annex C (normative) Principles for definition writing .95
C.1 Basic principles.95
C.2 Developing definitions .95
Bibliography.97
Alphabetical index.99
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:
— an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;
— an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee
casting a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 19104 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
Introduction
This Technical Specification, along with a repository of geographic information system (GIS) terminology in
the form of a terminological database, is expected to be a central reference for the shared language between
participants and users alike. It defines the criteria for including concepts in the vocabulary, specifies the
terminological data to be recorded, and, within the electronically processable repository, introduces an initial
set of concepts with definitions that will be subject to ongoing maintenance.
This Technical Specification describes the structure of entries and the types of terminological data that are to
be recorded. In addition, it includes principles for definition writing as outlined in ISO 10241 and ISO 704. The
structure of a terminological record is given in Clause 7.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19104:2008(E)
Geographic information — Terminology
1 Scope
This Technical Specification is applicable to international communication in the field of geographic information.
This Technical Specification provides the guidelines for collection and maintenance of terminology in the field
of geographic information. It establishes criteria for selection of concepts to be included in other standards
concerning geographic information, which are developed by ISO/TC 211, specifies the structure of the
terminological record, and describes the principles for definition writing.
This Technical Specification also lays down the guidelines for maintenance of a Terminology Repository
(see Annex A).
2 Conformance
Any product that claims conformance with this Technical Specification shall comply with the requirements
described in the normative clauses and annexes.
Where a new term has been created for an existing concept, or an existing term has been incorrectly applied,
the candidate document shall not be in conformance. Concepts and their definitions may be included with the
candidate terms until conformance is demonstrated.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 639-2, Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 2: Alpha-3 code
ISO 704, Terminology work — Principles and methods
ISO 3166-1, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions — Part 1: Country
codes
ISO 10241, International terminology standards — Preparation and layout
ISO 19108:2002, Geographic information — Temporal schema
4 Terms and definitions
The core list of terms and definitions from the ISO/TC 211 geographic information International Standards and
Technical Specifications is given in Annex B.
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
4.1
abbreviation
designation formed by omitting words or letters from a longer form and designating the same concept
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.2
admitted term
term rated according to the scale of the term acceptability rating as a synonym for a preferred term
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.3
concept
unit of knowledge created by a unique combination of characteristics
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
NOTE Concepts are not necessarily bound to particular languages. They are, however, influenced by the social or
cultural background which often leads to different categorizations.
4.4
concept harmonization
activity leading to the establishment of a correspondence between two or more closely related or overlapping
concepts having professional, technical, scientific, social, economic, linguistic, cultural or other differences, in
order to eliminate or reduce minor differences between them
[ISO 860:2007]
NOTE The purpose of concept harmonization is to improve communication.
4.5
concept system
set of concepts structured according to the relations among them
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.6
definition
representation of a concept by a descriptive statement which serves to differentiate it from related concepts
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.7
deprecated term
term rated according to the scale of the term acceptability rating as undesired
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.8
designation
designator
representation of a concept by a sign which denotes it
NOTE In terminology work, three types of designations are distinguished: symbols, appellations and terms.
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
4.9
extension
totality of objects to which a concept corresponds
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.10
language
system of signs for communications, usually consisting of vocabulary and rules
[ISO 5127-1]
NOTE In this Technical Specification, language refers to natural language or special languages but not to programming
languages or artificial languages unless specifically identified.
4.11
language identifier
information in a terminological entry which indicates the name of a language
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.12
obsolete term
term which is no longer in common use
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.13
preferred term
term rated according to the scale of the term acceptability rating
...
ТЕХНИЧЕСКАЯ ISO/TS
СПЕЦИФИКАЦИЯ 19104
Первое издание
2008-11-15
Географическая информация.
Терминология
Geographic information — Terminology
Ответственность за подготовку русской версии несёт GOST R
(Российская Федерация) в соответствии со статьёй 18.1 Устава ISO
Ссылочный номер
©
ISO 2008(R)
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по адресу, приведенному ниже.
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инструкциях, технических публикациях и журналах, используемых строго в целях образования или реализации некоторого
замысла. Условия для такого воспроизведения следующие: никакие изменения не вносятся в термины и определения; это
воспроизведение не разрешается в словарях или подобных изданиях, предложенных для продажи; и что настоящий
международный стандарт является ссылкой в качестве исходного документа.
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предварительного письменного согласия ISO по адресу ниже или членов ISO в стране регистрации пребывания.
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Опубликовано в Швейцарии
ii © ISO 2008 – Все права сохраняются
Содержание Страница
Предисловие .iv
Введение .v
1 Область применения .1
2 Соответствие .1
3 Нормативные ссылки.1
4 Термины и определения.2
5 Сокращенные термины.5
6 Критерии выбора концепций .5
7 Структура терминологической записи.5
7.1 Содержание записи .5
7.2 Поля обязательных данных.6
7.3 Эквиваленты терминов.7
Приложение A (нормативное) Техническое обслуживание терминологического репозитория .8
A.1 Введение .8
A.2 Терминологический репозиторий .8
A.3 Процесс пересмотра статуса терминологии.10
Приложение B (нормативное) Термины и определения из международных стандартов и
технических спецификаций ISO/TC 211 .15
Приложение C (нормативное) Принципы написания определений .111
С.1 Основные принципы.111
C.2 Разрабатывание определений.111
Библиография.113
Алфавитный указатель .115
Английский алфавитный указатель .120
Предисловие
Международная организация по стандартизации (ISO) является всемирной федерацией национальных
организаций по стандартизации (комитетов-членов ISO). Разработка международных стандартов
обычно осуществляется техническими комитетами ISO. Каждый комитет-член, заинтересованный в
деятельности, для которой был создан технический комитет, имеет право быть представленным в
этом комитете. Международные правительственные и неправительственные организации, имеющие
связи с ISO, также принимают участие в работах. Что касается стандартизации в области
электротехники, то ISO работает в тесном сотрудничестве с Международной электротехнической
комиссией (IEC).
Проекты международных стандартов разрабатываются в соответствии с правилами Директив ISO/IEC,
Часть 2.
Основной задачей технических комитетов является подготовка международных стандартов. Проекты
международных стандартов, принятые техническими комитетами, рассылаются комитетам-членам на
голосование. Их опубликование в качестве международных стандартов требует одобрения не менее
75 % комитетов-членов, принимающих участие в голосовании.
В других обстоятельствах, в частности, когда возникает срочная коммерческая потребность в таких
документах, технические комитеты могут принять решение на публикацию других типов нормативного
документа:
- открыто доступная спецификация ISO (ISO/PAS) представляет согласие между техническими
экспертами в рабочей группе ISO. Она принимается для публикации, если её одобряют более 50 %
членов вышестоящего комитета, участвующих в голосовании;
- техническая спецификация ISO (ISO/TS) представляет согласие между членами технического
комитета. Она принимается для публикации, если её одобряют 2/3 членов комитета, участвующих в
голосовании
Документ ISO/PAS или ISO/TS пересматриваются через три года, чтобы принять одно из следующих
решений: документ соответствует для использования в течение последующих трех лет;
пересмотренный документ становится международным стандартом или он должен быть выведен из
обращения. Если статус документа ISO/PAS или ISO/TS подтверждается, то он снова
пересматривается через последующие три года, после чего документ должен быть преобразован в
международный стандарт или отозван.
Следует иметь в виду, что некоторые элементы настоящего международного стандарта могут быть
объектом патентных прав. Международная организация по стандартизации не может нести
ответственность за идентификацию какого-либо одного или всех патентных прав.
Документ ISO/TS 19104 подготовил Технический комитет ISO/TC 211, Географическая
информация/Геоматика.
iv © ISO 2008 – Все права сохраняются
Введение
Ожидается, что настоящая техническая спецификация вместе с репозиторием терминологии
географической информационной системы (GIS) в форме терминологической базы данных, станет
центральной справочной информацией для совместно используемого языка общения между
участниками и подобными пользователями. Она определяет критерии включения концепций в
словарный состав, задает терминологические данные, которые надо регистрировать, и, в пределах
репозитория с электронной обработкой данных, представляет исходный набор концепций с
определениями, которые подлежат непрерывному поддержанию.
Настоящая техническая спецификация характеризует структуру вводов и типы терминологических
данных, которые надо регистрировать. Кроме того, она включает принципы записи определений, как
намечено в общих чертах в ISO 10241 и ISO 704. Структура терминологической записи дается в
Разделе 7.
ТЕХНИЧЕСКАЯ СПЕЦИФИКАЦИЯ ISO/TS 19104:2008(R)
Географическая информация. Терминология
1 Область применения
Настоящая техническая спецификация применяется к международному процессу общения в области
передачи географической информации.
Настоящая техническая спецификация дает руководящие указания по сбору и поддержанию
терминологии в области географической информации. Она устанавливает критерии выбора
концепций, которые надо включать в другие стандарты, имеющие отношение к географической
информации. Эти критерии разработаны в комитете ISO/TC 211. Кроме того, в ней задается структура
регистрации терминов и дается описание принципов записи определений.
Настоящая техническая спецификация формулирует также руководящие указания для поддержания
репозитория терминологии (см. Приложение A).
2 Соответствие
Любой продукт, который претендует на соответствие с настоящей технической спецификацией, должен
отвечать требованиям, изложенным в нормативных разделах и приложениях.
В случае, когда сформулирован новый термин для существующей концепции или неправильно
применен существующий термин, то потенциальный документ не должен считаться соответствующим
настоящей технической спецификации. Концепции и их определения могут включаться с пригодными
для применения терминами до тех пор, пока они демонстрируют свое соответствие настоящей
технической спецификации.
3 Нормативные ссылки
Следующие ссылочные документы являются обязательными для применения настоящего документа.
Для устаревших ссылок применяется только цитируемое издание. Для недатированных ссылок
применяется самое последнее издание ссылочного документа (включая поправки).
ISO 639-2, Коды для представления названий языков. Часть 2. Трехбуквенный код
ISO 704, Терминологическая деятельность. Принципы и методы.
ISO 3166-1, Коды для представления названий стран и их административно–территориальных
делений. Часть 1. Коды стран.
ISO 10241, Международные стандарты по терминологии. Подготовка и компоновка
ISO 19108:2002, Географическая информация. Временная схема
4 Термины и определения
Корневой перечень терминов и сокращений из международных стандартов и технический
спецификаций по географической информации, которые разработаны техническим комитетом
ISO/TC 211, даются в Приложении B.
В настоящем документе применяются следующие термины и определения.
4.1
аббревиатура
abbreviation
обозначение, которое образуется из удлиненной формы, минуя слова или буквы, и указывает на одну
и ту же концепцию
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.2
признанный термин
admitted term
термин, определенный по шкале оценки приемлемости как синоним предпочтительного термина
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.3
концепция
concept
единица знания, полученная путем единственной в своем роде комбинации характеристик
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Не обязательно связывать концепции с конкретными языками. Однако социальная или
культурная предпосылка влияет на концепции, что часто ведет к разному распределению по категориям
4.4
гармонизация концепций
concept harmonization
действие, ведущее к установлению соответствия между двумя или близко связанными, или
перекрывающимися концепциями, имеющими профессиональные, технические, научные,
социальные, экономические, лингвистические, культурные или другие различия, чтобы исключить или
уменьшить небольшие разногласия между ними
[ISO 860:2007]
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ Гармонизации концепций осуществляется в целях улучшения обмена информацией.
4.5
система концепций
concept system
набор концепций, структурированных согласно отношениям среди них
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
2 © ISO 2008 – Все права сохраняются
4.6
определение
definition
представление концепции путем описательного заявления, которое служит для того, чтобы отличать
его от родственных концепций
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.7
нерекомендуемый термин
deprecated term
термин, определенный по шкале оценки приемлемости как нежелательный
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.8
обозначение
указатель
designation
designator
представление концепции с помощью знака, которым она отмечается
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ В терминологической деятельности различают три типа обозначений; символы, названия и термины.
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.9
расширение
extension
совокупность объектов, которой соответствует концепция
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.10
язык
language
система знаков для обмена информацией, обычно состоящая из словаря и правил
[ISO 5127-1]
ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ В настоящей технической спецификации к языку относят естественный язык или специальные
языки, но не языки программирования или искусственные языки, если они специально не идентифицированы.
4.11
идентификатор языка
language identifier
информация в терминологическом вводе, которая показывает название языка
[ISO 1087-1:2000]
4.12
устаревший термин
obsolete term
термин, который больше не нах
...
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