SIST EN ISO 9886:2002
(Main)Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements (ISO 9886:1992)
Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements (ISO 9886:1992)
This International Standard describes methods for measuring and interpreting the following physiological parameters: a) body core temperature; b) skin temperatures; c) heart rate; d) body mass loss. The choice of variables to be measured and techniques to be used is at the discretion of those responsible for the health of the employees. These persons will have to take into account not only the nature of the thermal conditions, but also the degree of acceptance of these techniques by the employees concerned.
Ermittlung der thermischen Beanspruchung durch physiologische Messungen (ISO 9886:1992)
Diese Internationale Norm beschreibt Verfahren zur Messung und Interpretation der folgenden physio-
logischen Parameter:
a) Körperkerntemperatur;
b) Hauttemperaturen;
c) Herzschlagfrequenz;
d) Masseverlust des Körpers.
Die Auswahl der zu messenden Variablen und der anzuwendenden Messverfahren obliegt dem Er-
messen derjenigen Personen, die für die Gesundheit der Beschäftigten verantwortlich sind. Diese
Personen müssen nicht nur die Beschaffenheit der thermischen Bedingungen, sondern auch den Akzep-
tanzgrad dieser Verfahren durch die betreffenden Beschäftigten berücksichtigen.
Es sollte ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen werden, dass direkte Messungen am Menschen nur unter
zwei Bedingungen durchgeführt werden dürfen:
a) wenn die Person vollständig über die Unannehmlichkeiten und möglichen Risiken, die mit den Mess-
verfahren verbunden sind, unterrichtet wurde und ihre freiwillige Zustimmung zu derartigen Messun-
gen gegeben hat;
b) wenn die Messungen für die Person keine Risiken darstellen, die hinsichtlich allgemeiner oder
spezieller ethischer Grundsätze unzulässig sind.
Um diese Wahl zu vereinfachen, ist im Anhang A eine Gegenüberstellung der unterschiedlichen Verfah-
ren dargestellt, die sich auf ihren Anwendungsbereich, ihre technische Komplexität, Unannehmlichkeiten
und die mit ihnen verbundenen möglichen Risiken beziehen.
Diese Internationale Norm legt die Bedingungen fest, die erfüllt sein müssen, um die Genauigkeit der
Daten sicherzustellen, die aus den unterschiedlichen Verfahren erhalten wurden. Die Messverfahren
sind im Anhang B beschrieben. Grenzwerte werden im Anhang C vorgeschlagen.
Evaluation de l'astreinte thermique par mesures physiologiques (ISO 9886:1992)
Vrednotenje toplotnih obremenitev s pomočjo fizioloških meritev (ISO 9886:1992)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2002
9UHGQRWHQMHWRSORWQLKREUHPHQLWHYVSRPRþMRIL]LRORãNLKPHULWHY ,62
Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements (ISO 9886:1992)
Ermittlung der thermischen Beanspruchung durch physiologische Messungen (ISO
9886:1992)
Evaluation de l'astreinte thermique par mesures physiologiques (ISO 9886:1992)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9886:2001
ICS:
13.100 Varnost pri delu. Industrijska Occupational safety.
higiena Industrial hygiene
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 9886
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2001
ICS 01.018.00
English version
Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements
(ISO 9886:1992)
Evaluation de l'astreinte thermique par mesures Ermittlung der thermischen Beanspruchung durch
physiologiques (ISO 9886:1992) physiologische Messungen (ISO 9886:1992)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 January 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9886:2001 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
CORRECTED 2001-11-07
Foreword
The text of the International Standard from Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 "Ergonomics" of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over as an European Standard by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 "Ergonomics", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by October 2001.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard ISO 9886:1992 has been approved by CEN as a European
Standard without any modification.
IS0
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD 9886
First edition
1992-l l-01
Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological
measurements
ivaluation de l’asfreinte thermique par mesures physiologiques
Reference number
IS0 9886: 1992(E)
IS0 9886:1992(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee.
International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the
work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an lnter-
national Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member
bodies casting a vote.
International Standard IS0 9886 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Sub-Committee SC 5, Ergonomics of the
physical environments.
Annexes A, B, C and D of this International Standard are for information
only.
0 is0 1992
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without
permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
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IS0 9886:1992(E)
Introduction
This International Standard is part of a se ries of standards concerned
with the assessment of thermal stress and stra in.
This series of International Standards aims in particular at:
stablishing cifications for the methods of measuring physical
a) e spe
char ,acterizing thermal environm
arameters ents;
P
hing methods for assessing thermal stress in cold, moderate
b) estabiis
and hot envi ronments
The analysis methods described by these latter standards allow the
prediction of the average physiological response of subjects exposed to
a thermal environment. Some of these methods are not applicable under
exceptional climatic circumstances, when the characteristics of the ex-
posed subjects differ greatly from the average or when special means
of protection are used.
In these cases, or for the sake of research, it may be useful or even
necessary to measure directly the physiological strain experienced by
the subject.
This International Standard gives a series of specifications concerning
the methods of measurement and interpretation of the physiological
parameters considered as reflecting the response of the human
organism placed in a hot or cold environment.
. . .
III
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 9886:1992(E)
Evaluation of thermal strain by physiological measurements
develop alternative methods intended to improve
1 Scope
knowledge in this area. It is recommended, how-
ever, when conducting such studies in the labora-
This International Standard describes methods for
tory, to use the methods described below as
measuring and interpreting the following physio-
references, so that results can be compared.
logical parameters:
a) body core temperature;
2 Measurement of body core temperature,
b) skin temperatures;
t
‘cr
c) heart rate;
2.1 General
d) body mass loss.
The term “core” refers to all the tissues located at
The choice of variables to be measured and tech-
a sufficient depth not to be affected by a temperature
niques to be used is at the discretion of those re-
gradient through surface tissue. Temperature differ-
sponsible for the health of the employees. These
ences are however possible within the core de-
persons will have to take into account not only the
pending on local metabolisms, on the concentration
nature of the thermal conditions, but also the degree
of vascular networks and on local variations in blood
of acceptance of these techniques by the employees
flow. The core temperature is thus not a unique
concerned.
concept and measurable as such. This temperature
may be approximated by the measurement of tem-
It should be emphasized that direct measurements
perature at different points of the body:
on the individual may only be carried out o’n two
conditions:
a) oesophagus: oesophageal temperature, &;
if the person has been fully informed about the
b) rectum: rectal temperature, t,,;
discomfort and the potential risks associated
with the measurement technique and gives free
c) gastro-intestinal tract: intra-abdominal tempera-
consent to such measurements;
ture, &,;
if the measurements present no risk for the per-
d) mouth: oral temperature, to,;
son which is unacceptable in view of general or
specific codes of ethics.
e) tympanum: tympanic temperature, ttY;
In order to simplify this choice, annex A presents a
f) auditory canal: auditory canal temperature, t,,;
comparison of the different methods concerning
their field of application, their technical complexity,
g) urine temperature, t,,.
the discomfort and the risks that they might involve.
The order of presentation of these different tech-
This International Standard defines the conditions
niques has been adopted only for the clarity of the
which are to be met in order to ensure the accuracy
presentation.
of the data gathered from the different methods. The
measurement methods are described in annex B.
Depending on the technique used, the temperature
Limit values are proposed in annex C.
measured can reflect
not concerned with
This lnternat ion al Standard is
ch in vestigators - the mean temperature of the body mass; or
expe rimental cond itions for whi
may
IS0 9886:1992(E)
- the temperature of the blood irrigating the brain t,, essentially gives an indication of the mean tem-
and therefore influencing the thermoregulation perature of body core mass. It may only be con-
sidered as an indicator of blood temperature and
centres in the hypothalamus. This temperature
therefore of the temperature of the thermoregulation
is usually considered for assessing the thermal
strain sustained by a subject. centres when heat storage is slow and when work
is performed using the whole body.
22 Measurement techn iques for indicators of
When heat storage is low and work is essentially
b=ody core temperature
performed with the legs, the measurement of t,,
leads to a slight overestimation of the temperature
2.2.1 Oesophageal temperature, t,,
of the thermoregulation centres. On the contrary, in
case of rapid storage, during intense thermal stress
2.2.1.1 Principle of the method
of short duration, ire rises at a slower rate than the
temperature of the thermoregulation centres, con-
The temperature transducer is introduced in the
tinues to rise after the exposure has stopped and
lower part of the oesophagus, which is in contact
finaHy decreases progressively. Rising speed and
over a length of 50 mm to 70 mm with the front of the
lag time are depending on the exposure and recov-
left auricle and with the rear surface of the de-
ery conditions. in theses cases t,, is an inappropri-
scending aorta. In this position, the temperature
ate way in which to estimate the strain sustained by
transducer registers variations in arterial blood
a subject.
temperature with a very short reaction time.
2.2.3 Intra-abdominal temperature, t,,
The upper part of the oesophagus presses against
the trachea and the measurement of temperature
at that level is affected by breathing. On the con-
2.2.3.1 Principle of the method
trary, if the transducer is placed too low, it records
gastric temperature.
A temperature transducer is swallowed by the sub-
ject. During its transit through the intestinal tract, the
The transducer is also influenced by the tempera-
temperature recorded will vary according to whether
ture of the saliva swallowed by the subject. The
it is located in an area close to large arterial vessels
oesophageal temperature is therefore not given by
or to organs with high local metabolism or, on the
the mean value of the recorded temperatures but by
contrary, near the abdominal walls.
the peak values. This is particularly true in cold en-
vironments, where the saliva can be chilled.
2.2.3.2 Interpretation
2.2.1.2 Interpretation
When the transducer is located in the stomach or
the duodenum, temperature variations are similar to
Of all the indirect measurements of t,, mentioned
those of teS and the difference between the two tem-
above, leS is the one which most accurately reflects
peratures is very small. As the transducer pro-
temperature variations in the blood leaving the
gresses inside the intestine, the characteristics of
heart, and in all probability, the temperature of the
the temperature come closer to those of t,,. There-
blood irrigating the thermoregulation centres in the
fore, the interpretation will depend on the time
hypothalamus.
elapsed since the swallowing of the transducer and
on the speed of the gastro-intestinal transit for the
2.2.2 Rectal temperature, l,,
given subject.
Principle of the method
2.2.2.1
In the present state of knowledge, lab seems to be
independent of ambient climatic conditions, except
A temperature transducer is inserted in the rectum;
for strong radiant heat impinging on the abdomen.
this being surrounded by a Iarge mass of abdominal
tissues with low thermal conductivity, the rectal
2.2.4 Oral temperature, tar
temperature is independent of ambient conditions.
2.2.2.2 Interpretation
2.2.4.1 Principle of the method
When the subject is resting, the rectal temperature
The transducer is placed underneath the tongue and
is the highest of the body temperatures. When the
is therefore in close contact with the deep arterial
subject is working, on the contrary, t,, is directly af-
branches of the lingual artery. It will then provide a
fected by the production of heat from the local mus-
satisfactory measurement of the temperature of the
cles: with an equal expenditure of energy per unit
blood influencing the thermoregulation centres.
of time, ire is higher when work is performed with the
The te mperature measured neverth depends
legs than when it is carried out exclusively with the eless,
on the external conditions. When the mouth is open,
arms.
IS0 98863 992(E)
gradient is thus observed between the tympanum
thermal exchanges by convection and evaporation
an
...
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