oSIST prEN 17893:2022

Thermal road vehicles - Safety standard for temperature-controlled systems using flammable refrigerants for the transport of goods - Requirements and risk analysis process

This document specifies requirements for the use of flammable refrigerants class A2L, A2 and A3 as defined in ISO 817 with regard to:
-   design and construction (as far as not specified in EN 378-2);
-   operation;
-   in all anticipated operational modes and locations;
-   including continuous idling during standstill;
-   service and maintenance decommissioning;
for the investigation and mitigation of risk for thermally insulated means of transport, including: trucks, trailers, tanks, vans (light commercial vehicles), wagons, containers for land transport, small containers, packaging.
This document describes an Operational Mode Risk Assessment (OMRA), which uses methods such as Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP), Failure Mode and Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), or Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) or a combination of these methods;
The document specifies requirements:
-   for the validation and consideration of possible safety concepts and protective devices within the OMRA process, including charge release tests, simulation, and function tests of the associated protective equipment;
-   for tests related to the application;
using methodologies to achieve tolerable risk values.
Passenger air conditioning or equivalent mobile air conditioning systems covered in ISO 13043 and refrigerated containers on skeletal trailers conforming to ISO 20854 are excluded.

Anforderungen und Risikoanalyseverfahren für Kühlanlagen für den Straßentransport von temperaturempfindlichen Gütern, die mit brennbaren Kältemitteln betrieben werden

Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen hinsichtlich folgender Aspekte an die Verwendung brennbarer Kältemittel der Klasse A2L, A2 und A3, wie in ISO 817 definiert, fest:
-   Auslegung und Konstruktion (sofern nicht in EN 378-2 festgelegt);
-   Betrieb;
-   in allen voraussichtlichen Betriebsmodi und -orten;
-   einschließlich andauerndem Leerlauf im Stillstand;
-   Außerbetriebnahme zur Instandsetzung und Wartung;
zur Risikoermittlung und -minderung für wärmegedämmte Transportmittel, einschließlich: LKW, Anhänger, Tanks, Transporter (Leicht-LKW), Güterwagen, Behälter für den Landtransport, kleine Behälter und Verpackungen.
Dieses Dokument beschreibt eine Betriebsmodus-Risikobeurteilung (en: Operational Mode Risk Assessment, OMRA), die Verfahren wie die Gefährdungs- und Bedienbarkeitsanalyse (en: Hazard and Operability Analysis, HAZOP), Fehlermöglichkeits-, Einfluss- und Kritikalitäts-Analyse (en: Failure Mode and Effects and Criticality Analysis,FMECA), oder Fehlerbaumanalyse (en: Fault Tree Analysis, FTA) oder eine Kombination dieser Verfahren, nutzt;
Das Dokument legt folgende Anforderungen fest:
-   an die Validierung und Beachtung möglicher Sicherheitskonzepte und Schutzeinrichtungen innerhalb des OMRA-Prozesses, einschließlich Ladungsfreigabeprüfungen, Simulation und Funktionsprüfungen der zugehörigen Schutzausrüstung;
-   an Prüfungen im Zusammenhang mit der Anwendung;
unter Verwendung von Methodiken zum Erreichen vertretbarer Risikowerte.
Durch ISO 13043 abgedeckte Passagierklimaanlagen oder gleichwertige mobile Klimaanlagen sowie ISO 20854 entsprechende gekühlte Behälter auf Containerchassis sind ausgenommen.

Véhicules routiers réfrigérés - Norme de sécurité applicable aux systèmes sous contrôle de température utilisant des fluides frigorigènes inflammables pour le transport de marchandises - Exigences et processus d’analyse des risques

Le présent document spécifie les exigences d’utilisation des fluides frigorigènes inflammables de classes A2L, A2 et A3, tel que défini dans l’ISO 817 en ce qui concerne :
-   la conception et la construction (pour autant qu’elles ne soient pas spécifiées dans l’EN 378-2) ;
-   le fonctionnement ;
-   dans tous les modes et les emplacements de fonctionnement prévus ;
-   y compris le ralenti continu à l’arrêt ;
-   le service, l’entretien et la mise hors service ;
pour la recherche et l’atténuation des risques pour les moyens de transport isothermes, y compris : camions, remorques, citernes, fourgonnettes (véhicules utilitaires légers), wagons, cellules pour le transport terrestre, petites cellules, emballage.
Le présent document décrit une Évaluation du risque en mode opérationnel (ERMO), qui utilise des méthodes telles que l’Analyse des phénomènes dangereux et de l’exploitabilité (HAZOP), l’Analyse du mode de défaillance et des effets et de la criticité (AMDEC), ou l’Analyse de l’arbre de défaillances (FTA) ou une combinaison de ces méthodes ;
Le document spécifie des exigences :
-   pour la validation et l’examen des concepts de sécurité et des dispositifs de protection possibles dans le cadre du processus ERMO, y compris les essais de libération de charge, la simulation et les essais de fonctionnement de l’équipement de protection connexe ;
-   pour les essais liés à l’application ;
en utilisant des méthodologies pour atteindre des valeurs de risque tolérables.
Les systèmes de climatisation passagers ou systèmes de climatisation mobiles équivalents couverts dans l’ISO 13043 et les cellules réfrigérées sur remorques squelette conformes à l’ISO 20854 sont exclus.

Toplotna cestna vozila - Varnostni standard za toplotno upravljane sisteme, ki pri prevozu blaga uporabljajo vnetljiva hladilna sredstva - Zahteve in proces analize tveganja

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 27-Dec-2022
• ICS: 27.200 - Refrigerating technology
• ICS: 43.080.10 - Trucks and trailers
• ICS: 71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes
• Technical Committee: I13 - Imaginarni 13
• Current Stage: 4020 - Public enquire (PE) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 12-Oct-2022
• Due Date: 01-Mar-2023
• Completion Date: 03-Jan-2023
• Directive: 517/2014 - REGULATION (EU) No 517/2014 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 16 April 2014 on fluorinated greenhouse gases and repealing Regulation (EC) No 842/2006
• Mandate: M/555 - [C(2017) 7284 final] Use of flammable refrigerants in refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump equipment
• Ref Project: prEN 17893 - Thermal road vehicles - Safety standard for temperature-controlled systems using flammable refrigerants for the transport of goods - Requirements and risk analysis process

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 17893:2022
01-december-2022
Toplotna cestna vozila - Varnostni standard za toplotno upravljane sisteme, ki pri
prevozu blaga uporabljajo vnetljiva hladilna sredstva - Zahteve in proces analize
tveganja
Thermal road vehicles - Safety standard for temperature-controlled systems using
flammable refrigerants for the transport of goods - Requirements and risk analysis
process
Anforderungen und Risikoanalyseverfahren für Kühlanlagen für den Straßentransport
von temperaturempfindlichen Gütern, die mit brennbaren Kältemitteln betrieben werden
Véhicules routiers réfrigérés - Norme de sécurité applicable aux systèmes sous contrôle
de température utilisant des fluides frigorigènes inflammables pour le transport de
marchandises - Exigences et processus d’analyse des risques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 17893
ICS:
27.200 Hladilna tehnologija Refrigerating technology
43.080.10 Tovornjaki in priklopniki Trucks and trailers
71.100.45 Hladiva in antifrizi Refrigerants and antifreezes
oSIST prEN 17893:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 17893:2022

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oSIST prEN 17893:2022


DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 17893
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

October 2022
ICS 27.200; 43.080.10; 71.100.45
English Version

Thermal road vehicles - Safety standard for temperature-
controlled systems using flammable refrigerants for the
transport of goods - Requirements and risk analysis
process
Véhicules routiers réfrigérés - Norme de sécurité Anforderungen und Risikoanalyseverfahren für
applicable aux systèmes sous contrôle de température Kühlanlagen für den Straßentransport von
utilisant des fluides frigorigènes inflammables pour le temperaturempfindlichen Gütern, die mit brennbaren
transport de marchandises - Exigences et processus Kältemitteln betrieben werden
d'analyse des risques
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 413.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 17893:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
European foreword . 6
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 20
5 Risk assessment . 20
5.1 General. 20
5.1.1 General requirements . 20
5.1.2 Safety principles . 21
5.1.3 Safety concept . 21
5.2 Flammable refrigerants . 22
5.3 Significant hazards . 22
5.4 Protection against hazards . 23
5.4.1 Protection against explosion hazards . 23
5.4.2 Protection against excessive internal system pressure. 23
5.5 Operational mode risk assessment . 23
5.5.1 General. 23
5.5.2 Operational modes . 24
5.5.3 Evaluation of leak rate and frequencies for characterization . 26
5.5.4 Control volumes . 27
5.5.5 Risk assessment for flammable refrigerants . 27
5.6 Tolerable risk . 28
5.6.1 General. 28
5.6.2 Risk reduction . 28
5.6.3 Tolerable risk criteria . 29
5.7 Auditing and effectiveness check of safety concepts . 30
6 Requirements for design and construction of the TRU . 30
6.1 General. 30
6.2 Components and piping of refrigerating systems with flammable refrigerant . 30
6.2.1 General. 30
6.2.2 External fire relief device . 31
6.3 Assemblies . 31
6.3.1 General. 31
6.4 Assembly of TRU on van, Truck and Trailer. 31
6.5 Interior of the compartment volume . 32
6.5.1 General. 32
6.5.2 Inside compartment heat exchanger . 32
6.5.3 Ventilation inside the compartment volume . 33
6.5.4 Refrigerant detectors . 34
6.5.5 Evaluation of surface temperatures . 34
6.5.6 Electrical components . 34
6.6 Outside electrical components (cabinet) . 35
6.7 Refrigerant charge . 35
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6.8 Alarm system . 35
6.8.1 General . 35
6.8.2 Alarm system power . 36
6.9 Testing . 36
6.9.1 General . 36
6.9.2 Testing of safety concept and protective devices . 36
6.9.3 Testing the air tightness of the compartment volume to determine the dilution of
release . 36
6.9.4 Corrosion testing . 37
6.9.5 Vibration type-test . 37
6.9.6 Shock and impact type test. 38
6.9.7 Production test . 38
6.10 Marking and documentation . 38
6.10.1 General . 38
6.10.2 Marking . 38
6.10.3 Manuals and documentation . 39
6.11 Certification . 41
7 Requirements for the TRU manufacturer ensuring safe service, maintenance, repair . 41
7.1 General . 41
7.2 Providing education and training . 42
7.3 Instruction for maintenance and repair . 42
7.4 Providing safety instructions . 42
7.5 Providing a self-check mechanism . 43
8 Safe operation at different operating sites. 43
8.1 General . 43
8.2 Operating sites . 45
8.3 Significant hazards at operating sites . 47
8.4 Ventilating condition at operating sites . 47
8.4.1 General . 47
8.4.2 Requirements for operation in open air . 48
8.4.3 Requirements for operation in well-ventilated areas . 48
8.4.4 Requirements for operation in non-well-ventilated areas . 49
8.4.5 Operation in non-ventilated areas . 49
8.5 Requirements for opening of door(s) and for loading and unloading of goods. 49
8.6 Electrical installations at operating sites . 50
8.7 Operator instruction for handling of alarms . 50
8.8 Accidents . 51
8.8.1 General . 51
8.8.2 Measures for accidents prevention . 52
8.8.3 Measures after accidents . 52
8.9 Operating instructions, manuals, guidelines at operating sites . 53
9 Servicing recommendations and requirements at operating sites . 53
9.1 General . 53
9.2 Operating sites with service activities . 54
9.3 General . 54
9.3.1 General requirements . 54
9.3.2 Instruction of personnel . 55
9.3.3 General failure prevention . 55
9.4 Assembly of TRU at the vehicle and inside the compartment volume . 55
9.5 Repair and maintenance on the vehicle or the body structure . 55
9.6 Repair and maintenance on the TRU including refrigerating system repair . 56
9.6.1 General . 56
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9.6.2 Instruction of personnel . 56
9.6.3 Work area requirements . 57
9.6.4 Inspection . 58
9.6.5 System failure indication . 58
9.6.6 Actions and procedure for refrigerating system repair . 58
9.6.7 Tools and equipment . 62
9.6.8 Testing after repair . 62
9.6.9 Failure prevention for maintenance and refrigerating system repair . 62
9.6.10 Documentation . 63
9.7 Handling, recovery, reuse and disposal of refrigerant . 63
10 Decommissioning of the TRU . 63
Annex A (informative) Specifications of control volumes for TRV . 64
Annex B (informative) Description of mechanisms to reduce risk . 67
B.1 General. 67
B.2 Heat exchanger zoning concept . 67
B.3 Indirect heat exchanger . 67
B.4 Heat exchanger separation mechanism, Shut-off devices . 68
B.5 Ventilation mechanism . 69
B.5.1 General. 69
B.5.2 Outside ventilation mechanism . 69
B.5.3 Inside ventilation mechanism . 70
B.6 Refrigerant detection . 70
B.7 Alarm system . 71
B.7.1 General. 71
B.7.2 Types of alarm . 71
B.7.3 Visible and audible refrigerant leak alarm . 72
B.7.4 Actions by the alarm system . 72
Annex C (normative) Information on leak types and leak mass flow . 73
Annex D (normative) Useful equations for the calculation of environment ventilation . 75
D.1 General. 75
D.2 Dilution of a flammable substance release with air . 75
D.3 Additional examples . 77
D.3.1 Small volume in open air situation . 77
D.3.2 A Non-ventilated enclosure . 78
Annex E (normative) Tracer gas measurement for determination of air exchange rate . 79
E.1 General. 79
. 80
E.2 Tracer gas measurement with CO
2
E.3 Required air exchange rate for dilution of refrigerant releases inside the
compartment volume . 81
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Annex F (informative) Typical ignition sources for risk assessment of TRU . 82
Annex G (informative) Example process for risk evaluation . 83
Bibliography . 84

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European foreword
This document (prEN 17893:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 413 “Insulated
means of transport for temperature sensitive goods with or without cooling and/or heating device”, the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
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oSIST prEN 17893:2022
prEN 17893:2022 (E)
Introduction
For many years, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have been the preferred refrigerants used in truck and
trailer road vehicles and vans (TRV). However, the use of these refrigerants is being now considered as
unacceptable by industry and civil society, due to their contribution to global warming. Regulation (EU)
No 517/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council imposes provisions for the reduction of the
use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), in order to reduce the emissions of these fluorinated gases and
lower the impact of their use on the climate change. The use of HFC refrigerants is regulated in all EU
Member States, the United Kingdom and EFTA countries and these fluorinated gases are expected to be
phased-down in the next 10 years in several steps.
The continuous improvement of refrigerating systems in terms of reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions and energy efficiency results in the deployment of technologies which entail the use of
flammable refrigerants. The use of these flammable refrigerants in transport refrigeration units (TRU)
may raise specific safety concerns or pose additional hazards which should be considered in the design
phase and during operation, correspondingly in all phases of the product life cycle. Leakage of
flammable refrigerants may lead to fire, explosion, or toxicity when decomposed.
This document has been developed to enable the safe use of flammable refrigerants in TRU’s. This
document enables system manufacturers, owners, and operators to understand and validate the risks
associated with operation. The market requires the introduction of any new technology to be “as safe as
or safer than before”, this document provides requirements and methods to achieve this goal and an
acceptable level of safety.
For truck and trailer road vehicles and vans this document supplements EN 378 (all parts) with specific
additional requirements for the design, operation, service, and repair. It provides minimum
requirements for a risk-based approach to reduce the risks to persons, assets, and the environment.
The working group, which developed this document consisted of representatives from refrigerating
system manufacturers, body builder, classification societies, equipment owners and other interested
industry experts.
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1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the use of flammable refrigerants class A2L, A2 and A3 as
defined in ISO 817 with regard to:
— design and construction (as far as not specified in EN 378-2);
— operation;
— in all anticipated operational modes and locations;
— including continuous idling during standstill;
— service and maintenance decommissioning;
for the investigation and mitigation of risk for thermally insulated means of transport, including: trucks,
trailers, tanks, vans (light commercial vehicles), wagons, containers for land transport, small containers,
packaging.
This document describes an Operational Mode Risk Assessment (OMRA), which uses methods such as
Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP), Failure Mode and Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), or
Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) or a combination of these methods;
The document specifies requirements:
— for the validation and consideration of possible safety concepts and protective devices within the
OMRA process, including charge release tests, simulation, and function tests of the associated
protective equipment;
— for tests related to the application;
using methodologies to achieve tolerable risk values.
Passenger air conditioning or equivalent mobile air conditioning systems covered in ISO 13043 and
refrigerated containers on skeletal trailers conforming to ISO 20854 are excluded.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this d
...