SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
(Main)Timber structures - Dowel-type fasteners - Requirements
Timber structures - Dowel-type fasteners - Requirements
This European Standard specifies the requirements and test methods for materials, geometry, strength, stiffness and durability ascpects (i.e. corrosion protection) of dowel-type fasteners for use in load bearing timber structures. Only dowel-type fasteners manufactured from steel are covered by this European Standard. For the purpose of this standard, dowel-type fasteners for timber structures are taken to be nails, staples, screws, dowels, and bolts with nuts. Definitions of these items are given in Clause 3. This European Standard specifies also the evaluation of conformity procedures and includes requirements for marking of these products. This European Standard does not cover fasteners treated with fire retardants to improve their fire performance. This European Standard covers fasteners that may be coated for the following purposes: 1. Corrosion protection (e.g. hot dip galvanization, epoxy coating); 2. Lubricants (to facilitate insertion); 3. Withdrawal enhancement and/or collation (adhesive coating).
Holzbauwerke - Stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel - Anforderungen
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen an und Prüfverfahren für die Werkstoffe, die Geometrie, die
Festigkeit, die Steifigkeit und die Dauerhaftigkeit (d. h. den Korrosionsschutz) von stiftförmigen Verbindungsmitteln
zum Einsatz in tragenden Holzbauwerken fest. Die vorliegende Europäische Norm deckt nur stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel ab, die aus Stahl hergestellt werden. Für die Anwendung dieser Norm umfassen stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel für Holzbauwerke Nägel,
Klammern, Schrauben, Stabdübel und Bolzen mit Muttern. Die Definitionen dieser Elemente sind in Abschnitt 3 angegeben. Die vorliegende Europäische Norm legt auch die Verfahren zur Bewertung der Konformität dieser Erzeugnisse fest und enthält Anforderungen an deren Kennzeichnung. Diese Europäische Norm deckt keine Verbindungsmittel ab, die mit Flammschutzmitteln behandelt
wurden, um deren Brandverhalten zu verbessern. Diese Europäische Norm umfasst Verbindungsmittel, die zu folgenden Zwecken behandelt werden dürfen:
1) Korrosionsschutz (z. B. Feuerverzinkung und Epoxydharzüberzug);
2) Gleitschicht (um das Eintreiben/Eindrehen zu erleichtern);
3) Erhöhung der Ausziehfestigkeit und/oder Magazinierung (Klebeüberzug).
Structures en bois - Eléments de fixation de type tige - Exigences
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences et méthodes d’essai des matériaux ainsi que des aspects géométriques, de résistance, de rigidité et de durabilité (c’est-à-dire la protection contre la corrosion) des éléments de fixation pour l’utilisation dans des structures portantes en bois.
Seuls les éléments de fixation fabriqués en acier sont couverts par la présente norme européenne. Pour les besoins de la présente norme, les éléments de fixation pour structures en bois sont considérés comme étant des pointes, agrafes, vis, broches et boulons avec écrous. Ces éléments sont définis à l’article 3. La présente norme européenne spécifie également les procédures d'évaluation de conformité et inclut des exigences pour le marquage de ces produits.
La présente norme européenne ne couvre pas les éléments de fixation avec revêtement en résine ni les connecteurs traités avec des produits ignifuges pour améliorer leurs performances au feu. Elle ne couvre également pas les connecteurs avec revêtement en résine.
Lesene konstrukcije - Paličasta vezna sredstva - Zahteve
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve in preskusne metode za vidike materialov, geometrije, moči, trdote in vzdržljivosti (npr. zaščito pred korozijo) paličastih veznih sredstev, ki se uporabljajo za nosilne lesene strukture. Ta evropski standard velja samo za paličasta vezna sredstva, proizvedena iz jekla. Za namene tega standarda se za paličasta vezna sredstva štejejo žeblji, sponke, vijaki, centirni zatiči in sorniki z maticami. Definicije teh pojmov so podane v 3. točki. Ta evropski standard določa tudi ocenjevanje postopkov skladnosti in vključuje zahteve za označevanje teh izdelkov. Ta evropski standard ne pokriva veznih sredstev, obdelanih z zaščitnimi sredstvi proti ognju, ki izboljšujejo odpornost proti ognju. Ta evropski standard velja za vezna sredstva, ki so lahko prevlečena za naslednje namene: 1. zaščita pred korozijo (npr. vroče cinkanje, prevleke epoksi); 2. maziva (za lažje vstavljanje); 3. izboljšanje odstranitve in/ali kolacija (lepilna prevleka).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Holzbauwerke - Stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel - AnforderungenStructures en bois - Eléments de fixation de type tige - ExigencesTimber structures - Dowel-type fasteners - Requirements91.080.20Lesene konstrukcijeTimber structures21.060.01Vezni elementi na splošnoFasteners in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14592:2008+A1:2012SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012en,fr,de01-november-2012SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14592:20091DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14592:2008+A1
May 2012 ICS 21.060.01; 91.080.20 Supersedes EN 14592:2008English Version
Timber structures - Dowel-type fasteners - Requirements
Structures en bois - Eléments de fixation de type tige - Exigences
Holzbauwerke - Stiftförmige Verbindungsmittel - Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 August 2008 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 9 April 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14592:2008+A1:2012: ESIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .41Scope .52Normative references .53Terms and definitions .64Symbols and abbreviations .95Dimensions and tolerances .95.1Method of measurement and accuracy .95.2Length .95.3Nominal diameter .95.4Other dimensions .95.5Cross-sectional area . 106Requirements . 106.1Nails . 106.1.1General . 106.1.2Materials . 106.1.3Geometry . 106.1.4Mechanical strength and stiffness . 116.1.5Corrosion protection . 126.2Staples . 136.2.1General . 136.2.2Materials . 136.2.3Geometry . 136.2.4Mechanical strength and stiffness . 136.2.5Corrosion protection . 146.3Screws . 146.3.1General . 146.3.2Materials . 156.3.3Geometry . 156.3.4Mechanical strength and stiffness . 156.3.5Corrosion protection . 176.4Dowels . 176.4.1General . 176.4.2Materials . 176.4.3Geometry . 176.4.4Mechanical strength and stiffness . 176.4.5Corrosion protection . 186.5Bolts and nuts . 186.5.1General . 186.5.2Materials . 186.5.3Geometry . 196.5.4Mechanical strength and stiffness . 196.5.5Corrosion protection . 197Evaluation of conformity . 207.1General . 207.2Initial type testing (ITT) . 207.2.1General . 207.2.2Sampling, testing and conformity criteria . 207.3Factory production control (FPC) . 26SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 3 7.3.1General . 267.3.2Daily control . 267.3.36-monthly control . 328Marking . 338.1General . 338.2Nails . 338.3Staples . 338.4Screws . 348.5Dowels . 348.6Bolts and nuts . 34Annex A (normative)
Expression of corrosion protection specifications . 35Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Contruction Products Directive . 37Bibliography . 44 SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 14592:2008+A1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 124 “Timber structures”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2012-04-09. This document supersedes EN 14592:2008. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ". This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements and test methods for materials, geometry, strength, stiffness and durability ascpects (i.e. corrosion protection) of dowel-type fasteners for use in load bearing timber structures. Only dowel-type fasteners manufactured from steel are covered by this European Standard. For the purpose of this standard, dowel-type fasteners for timber structures are taken to be nails, staples, screws, dowels, and bolts with nuts. Definitions of these items are given in Clause 3. This European Standard specifies also the evaluation of conformity procedures and includes requirements for marking of these products. !This European Standard does not cover fasteners treated with fire retardants to improve their fire performance. This European Standard covers fasteners that may be coated for the following purposes: 1 Corrosion protection (e.g. hot dip galvanization, epoxy coating); 2 Lubricants (to facilitate insertion); 3 Withdrawal enhancement and/or collation (adhesive coating)." 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 409, Timber structures - Test methods - Determination of the yield moment of dowel type fasteners - Nails EN 1382, Timber structures - Test methods - Withdrawal capacity of timber fasteners EN 1383:1999, Timber structures - Test methods - Pull-through resistance of timber fasteners EN 1995-1-1:2004, Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for buildings EN 10016 (all parts), Non-alloy steel rod for drawing and/or cold rolling
EN 10025-2, Hot rolled products of structural steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels EN 10025-3, Hot rolled products of structural steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for normalized/normalized rolled weldable fine grain structural steels EN 10083-1, Steels for quenching and tempering - Part 1: General technical delivery conditions EN 10083-2, Steels for quenching and tempering - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non alloy steels !EN 10088 (all parts), Stainless steels" EN 10149-1, Hot-rolled flat products made of high yield strength steels for cold forming – Part 1: General delivery conditions EN 10218-1, Steel wire and wire products - General - Part 1: Test methods SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 6 !EN 10263 (all parts), Steel rod, bars and wire for cold heading and cold extrusion EN 10269, Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified elevated and/or low temperature properties" !EN 10277-2, Bright steel products - Technical delivery conditions - Part 2: Steels for general engineering purposes" EN 14358, Timber structures - Calculation of characteristic 5-percentile values and acceptance criteria for a sample !EN 15737, Timber structures - Test methods - Torsional resistance of driving in screws" EN ISO 780, Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods (ISO 780:1997) EN ISO 1461, Hot dip galvanised coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles - Specifications and test methods (ISO 1461:1999) EN ISO 4014, Hexagon head bolts - Product grades A and B (ISO 4014:1999) EN ISO 4016, Hexagon head bolts - Product grade C (ISO 4016:1999) EN ISO 4017, Hexagon head screws - Product grades A and B (ISO 4017:1999) EN ISO 4018, Hexagon head screws - Product grade C (ISO 4018:1999) EN ISO 4032, Hexagon nuts, style 1 - Product grades A and B (ISO 4032:1999) EN ISO 4034, Hexagon nuts - Product grade C (ISO 4034:1999) !EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1:2009)" EN ISO 9001, Quality management systems - Requirements (ISO 9001:2000) EN ISO 10666:1999, Drilling screws with tapping screw thread - Mechanical and functional properties (ISO 10666:1999) !deleted text" ISO 2081, Metallic coatings - Electroplated coatings of zinc on iron or steel 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, terms and definitions given in EN 1995-1-1:2004 and the following apply. 3.1 plain shank nail (smooth nail) nail that has a constant cross-section along its entire length (e.g. round, square or grooved nails) 3.2 threaded nail nail that has its shank profiled or deformed over a part of its length !lg as defined in Figure 1 b" 3.3 staple crown width distance between the outer edges of the staple legs SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 7 3.4 dowel cylindrical metal fastener that does not contain an integral head NOTE Dowels may be threaded and have nuts fitted at either end. 3.5 bolt cylindrical metal fastener containing an integral head at one end and a threaded portion to receive a nut at the other end 3.6 withdrawal parameter parameter measuring the resistance of a timber test piece to the withdrawal of a timber fastener 3.7 head pull-through parameter parameter measuring the resistance of a timber test piece to the pulling through of the head of a timber fastener or the crown of a staple 3.8 tensile capacity tensile capacity measured during a test following the principle of EN 1383, as described in 6.1.4.5 3.9 nominal diameter screws intended for use in load bearing timber structures, d being the maximum outer cross-section diameter of the threaded part, and for nails d being the minimum outer cross-sectional dimension of the unprofiled part, when measured as described in 5.3 NOTE For plain shank nails, spiral rolled nails or annular ring shank nails, intended for use in load bearing timber structures, d is the minimum outer cross-sectional diameter of the round nail wire, or the side length dimension of the minimum cross-sectional for a square nail, for all other profiled nails, intended for use in load bearing timber structures; d is the minimum cross-sectional diameter of the original wire rod, from which the profiled nail has been produced (see Figure 1). SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 8 !
a) Nominal diameter d and length l of nails (left) and screws (right). For screws the threaded length is shown, see also Figure 3 lg b) Length of the threaded part lg of threaded nails Figure 1 – Nominal diameter, length and length of the threaded part of nails and screws" !3.10 thread root diameter inner diameter of the thread of a screw NOTE The inner diameter is used in EN 1995-1-1 to determine the effective diameter for laterally loaded dowel type fasteners." 3.11 stiffness value based on required bend angle (deformation), αααα of the characteristic yield strength (capacity) either found by testing or calculated according to EN 1995-1-1 !3.12 coating type defines the purpose of a coating Coating type 1: Corrosion protection Coating type 2: Lubricant to facilitate insertion Coating type 3: Adhesive coating for improving withdrawal strength and/or for collation purposes" SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 9 4 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this standard, the symbols and abbreviations given in EN 1995-1-1 and the following apply. A80
percentage elongation (%) Ah
nail head cross-sectional area (mm2) As
staple leg cross-sectional area (mm2) d
nominal diameter (mm) dh
head diameter (mm) !d1"
inner thread diameter; inner diameter of fluting (mm) def
effective screw diameter (mm) fax,k
characteristic withdrawal parameter (N/mm2) fhead,k
characteristic head pull-through parameter (N/mm2) ftens,k
characteristic tensile capacity (head pull-off or shank tensile capacity) (kN) ftor,k
characteristic torsional strength (Nmm) fu
tensile strength of the wire (N/mm2) ht
nail head thickness (mm) l
overall fastener length (mm) lg
length of profiling/threading (mm) lp
length of the nail point (mm) My,k
characteristic yield moment (Nmm) Rtor,k
characteristic torsional resistance to insertion into timber with a density of 450 kg/m3 when conditioned to constant mass at 20 ºC and 65 % relative humidity (Nmm) α
bend angle (o) ρk
characteristic timber density when conditioned to constant mass at 20 ºC and 65 % relative
humidity (kg/m3) 5 Dimensions and tolerances 5.1 Method of measurement and accuracy Dimensions shall be taken on the completed fastener using a calibrated device capable of achieving an accuracy of ± 1 % of the measurement. 5.2 Length Where appropriate the overall length of a fastener shall be measured and the result declared. When sampled in accordance with Tables 2 to 6 and measured, the overall length shall be within ± 2,5 % of the declared value. 5.3 Nominal diameter Where appropriate, the nominal diameter of a fastener shall be measured and the result declared. Unless otherwise stated in this standard, the nominal diameter shall be within ± 2,5 % of the declared value when sampled in accordance with Tables 2 to 6 and measured as follows: the diameter shall be measured at several points around the circumference and along the length; the !minimum" measurement shall be taken as the nominal diameter. 5.4 Other dimensions Where appropriate, other dimensions, e.g. point length of a fastener, threaded length and head thickness, shall be measured and the result declared. When sampled in accordance with Tables 2 to 6 and measured, these other dimensions shall be within ± 5 % of the declared values. SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 10 5.5 Cross-sectional area Where appropriate, the cross-sectional area of a fastener shall be measured and the result declared. When sampled in accordance with Tables 2 to 6 sufficient measurements shall be taken to enable the cross-sectional area to be calculated. The cross-sectional area shall be within ± 5 % of the declared value. 6 Requirements 6.1 Nails 6.1.1 General !Not applicable." 6.1.2 Materials Nail shall be produced from a wire with a minimum tensile strength of 600 N/mm2 determined in accordance with EN 10218-1. The wire shall be drawn from either non-alloy steel rods produced in accordance with
EN 10016 (all parts), or wire drawn from austenitic stainless steel rods produced in accordance with
!EN 10088. The relevant specification shall be declared. Other steel grades may be used, provided it has been documented that the steel has at least equivalent mechanical properties to any of the grades listed in the above standards. All relevant information of the alternative steel grades shall be obtained from testing and declared as a part of the ITT." 6.1.3 Geometry The nominal diameter, d, of nail shall not be less than 1,9 mm and shall not be greater than 8,0 mm. The area of the nail head, Ah, shall not be less than 2,5 d2, and the thickness of the head, ht, shall not be less than 0,25 d (see Figure 2). The length (l) of the nail (see Figure 1) and the length of the point, lp, shall not be less than 0,5 d and shall not be greater than !2,5 d" (see Figure 2). For profiled nails the length of the the threated part shall be minimum 4,5 d. !If nails are coated with a type 3 coating, the coated length shall be at least 0,5 l." SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 11 !
" Figure 2 – Geometry of nails heads and points !deleted text" 6.1.4 Mechanical strength and stiffness 6.1.4.1 General For the purpose of the mechanical strength of nails the following characteristic properties shall be used in this standard: characteristic yield moment, characteristic withdrawal parameter, characteristic head pull-through parameter, characteristic tensile capacity. The characteristic strength results for nails (see 6.1.4.2 to 6.1.4.5) shall be declared either directly from tests or, in certain cases and types of nails, from equations given in EN 1995-1-1. Where characteristic strength values are declared from test results, they shall be calculated in accordance with EN 14358. For the purposes of strength calculations for nailed joints, the nail diameter shall be taken as the nominal diameter, d, measured in accordance with 5.3. For the purpose of the mechanical stiffness of nails the following characteristic properties shall be used in this standard: characteristic yield moment. For the purposes of stiffness (bend angle α), for round or square cross-section nails, the declaration is related to the result of the characteristic yield moment My,k which shall be declared either directly by testing in accordance with EN 409 or calculated from the relevant equations given in EN 1995-1-1. For all other types of nail the result shall be declared by testing in accordance with EN 409. SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 12 6.1.4.2 Characteristic yield moment For round or square cross-section nails, the characteristic yield moment My,k the result shall be declared either directly by testing in accordance with EN 409 or declared by calculation according to the relevant equations given in EN 1995-1-1. For all other types of nail, including treaded nails, the characteristic yield moment My,k of the nail the result shall be declared from testing in accordance with EN 409. 6.1.4.3 Characteristic withdrawal parameter !deleted text" For plain shank nails, the characteristic withdrawal parameter fax,k the result shall be declared on one or more characteristic timber densities or on other types of wood based products, either directly by testing in accordance with EN 1382 or declared by calculation according to the relevant equations given in EN 1995-1-1. Characteristic withdrawal parameter fax,k of threaded nails shall be greater than or equal to 4,5 N/mm2 when measured on timber with a characteristic density of 350 kg/m3 when conditioned to constant mass at 20 ºC and 65 % relative humidity. For all other types of nail, the characteristic withdrawal parameter fax,k the result shall be declared on one or more characteristic timber densities or on other types of wood based products, by testing in accordance with EN 1382. 6.1.4.4 Characteristic head pull-through parameter For plain shank nails, the characteristic head pull-through parameter fhead,k
the result shall be declared on one or more characteristic timber densities or on other types of wood based products, either directly by testing in accordance with EN 1383 or declared by calculation according to the relevant equations given in EN 1995-1-1.
For all other types of nail, the characteristic head pull-through parameter fhead,k
the result shall be declared on one or more characteristic timber densities or on other types of wood based products, by testing in accordance with EN 1383. 6.1.4.5 Characteristic tensile capacity The characteristic tensile capacity of nails ftens,k (head pull-off or shank tensile capacity) the result shall be declared by testing in accordance with EN 1383, using a steel plate to replace the head side timber member shown in Figure 4 of that standard. The steel plate shall be of sufficient thickness to induce either a pull-off failure of the head, or a tensile failure of the shank and shall contain a pre-drilled hole for the nail which shall not exceed the maximum outer diameter of the nail + 1 mm in diameter. For partially profiled nails the area of transition from the profiled to the smooth part of the shank shall be located within the free length of testing and shall have a clear distance from the jaws of the testing equipment of at least 3 d. The rate of loading shall be chosen so that the failure load (ultimate load) is reached within 10 s ± 5 s. 6.1.5 Corrosion protection !For nails, where corrosion protection is required, the grade of the parent material or thickness of coating shall be declared. NOTE Examples of corrosion protection or material specifications are given in
EN 1995-1-1 and Annex A." SIST EN 14592:2009+A1:2012
EN 14592:2008+A1:2012 (E) 13 6.2 Staples 6.2.1 General Staple legs shall have a round, deformed circular or rectangular cross-section. Staples shall be delivered in loose or collated form (strips). 6.2.2 Materials Staples shall be produced from a wire with a minimum tensile strength of 800 N/mm2 and drawn from non-alloy steel rods produced in accordance with EN 10016 (all parts) or wire drawn from austenitic steel rods produced in accordance with EN 10083-1 or !EN 10088. The releva
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