kSIST FprEN 16517:2019

Agricultural and forestry machinery - Mobile yarders for timber logging - Safety

This European Standard gives safety requirements, and the means of verification, for the design and construction of mobile yarders for logging of forest products and their mounting. It counts for all logging operations with cable yarders both in sloped and flat terrain. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer.
It deals with the significant hazards (as listed in Table 1), hazardous situations and events relevant to mobile yarders used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clauses 4 and 5).
It is not applicable to:
-   rope splicing,
-   ancillary loaders or cable cranes,
-   cableways for material transport (other than wood), and
-   skidder winches (skidding).
The specifications of cabin in this context are only relevant for the yarder or a yarder-loader combination. The cabin and the chassis of the vehicle (prime mover), to which the yarder is mounted are not part of this document.
The Document deals with all the significant hazards (as listed in Table 1), hazardous situations and events relevant to mobile yarders when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clauses 4 and 5). This document is not applicable to mobile yarders manufactured before the date of its publication.

Land- und Forstmaschinen - Mobile Seilkrananlagen für den Holztransport - Sicherheit

Matériel agricole et forestier - Téléphériques forestiers mobiles pour l'exploitation du bois - Sécurité

La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences de sécurité et les moyens de vérification pour la conception et la construction de téléphériques forestiers mobiles pour le téléphérage de produits forestiers et leur montage. Elle tient compte de toutes les opérations d'exploitation forestière réalisées au moyen de systèmes de débardage par câble, sur terrain en pente et sur terrain plat. En outre, elle spécifie le type d'informations que le fabricant doit donner sur les pratiques d'utilisation sûre (y compris les risques résiduels).
Elle traite tous les phénomènes dangereux (tels qu'énumérés au Tableau 1), situations et événements dangereux significatifs engendrés par les téléphériques forestiers mobiles lorsqu’ils sont utilisés normalement et dans les conditions prévues par le fabricant (voir Articles 4 et 5).
Elle ne s’applique pas aux :
-   épissure de câbles ;
-   chargeurs auxiliaires ou aux blondins ;
-   câbles aériens pour le transport de matériaux (autres que le bois) ; et
-   aux treuils (débusquage).
Dans ce contexte, les spécifications de la cabine s'appliquent uniquement au téléphérique forestier ou à la combinaison téléphérique-chargeur. La cabine et le châssis du véhicule (moteur), où est monté le téléphérique forestier, ne relève pas du domaine d'application du présent document.
Le présent Document traite tous les phénomènes dangereux (tels qu'énumérés au Tableau 1), situations et événements dangereux significatifs qui sont pertinents pour les téléphériques forestiers mobiles lorsqu’ils sont utilisés normalement et dans les conditions de mauvais usage raisonnablement prévisibles par le fabricant (voir Articles 4 et 5). Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux téléphériques forestiers mobiles fabriqués avant sa date de publication.

Kmetijski in gozdarski stroji - Mobilni žični žerjavi za spravilo lesa - Varnost

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 04-May-2017
• ICS: 53.020.99 - Other lifting equipment
• ICS: 65.060.80 - Forestry equipment
• Technical Committee: IMKG - Machinery for agriculture and forestry
• Current Stage: 5020 - Formal vote (FV) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 03-Jan-2019
• Due Date: 21-Feb-2019
• Completion Date: 07-Jan-2019
• Directive: 2006/42/EC - Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast)
• Mandate: M/393 - Mandate to CEN for standards for Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester for use in diesel engines and heating fuels
• Mandate: M/396 - Mandate to CEN and Cenelec for standardisation in the field of machinery
• Ref Project: FprEN 16517 - Agricultural and forestry machinery - Mobile yarders for timber logging - Safety

Standards Content (sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16517:2017
01-april-2017
.PHWLMVNLLQJR]GDUVNLVWURML0RELOQLåLþQLåHUMDYL]DVSUDYLOROHVD9DUQRVW
Agricultural and forestry machinery - Mobile yarders for timber logging - Safety

Land- und Forstmaschinen - Mobile Seilkrananlagen für den Holztransport - Sicherheit

Matériel agricole et forestier - Téléphériques forestiers mobiles pour l'exploitation du bois

- Sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16517
ICS:
53.020.99 Druga dvigalna oprema Other lifting equipment
65.060.80 Gozdarska oprema Forestry equipment
oSIST prEN 16517:2017 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 16517:2017
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oSIST prEN 16517:2017
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 16517
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2017
ICS 53.020.20
English Version
Agricultural and forestry machinery - Mobile yarders for
timber logging - Safety

Matériel agricole et forestier - Téléphériques forestiers Land- und Forstmaschinen - Mobile Seilkrananlagen

mobiles pour l'exploitation du bois - Sécurité für den Holztransport - Sicherheit

This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee

CEN/TC 144.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other

language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC

Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,

Turkey and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are

aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without

notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16517:2017 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 5

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 6

2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 6

3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 8

4 List of significant hazards ......................................................................................................................... 12

5 Safety requirements and / or protective risk reduction measures ........................................... 16

5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 16

5.2 Structural calculations ............................................................................................................................... 16

5.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 16

5.2.2 Information to be given in the calculation .......................................................................................... 16

5.2.3 Loads and forces ........................................................................................................................................... 17

5.2.4 Load combinations ...................................................................................................................................... 17

5.3 Stress analyzes .............................................................................................................................................. 17

5.4 Mechanical arrangements......................................................................................................................... 17

5.4.1 Tower................................................................................................................................................................ 17

5.4.2 Guying ............................................................................................................................................................... 18

5.4.3 Stabilizers ....................................................................................................................................................... 18

5.4.4 Securing for transport ................................................................................................................................ 18

5.5 Rope drive – Drive mechanism ............................................................................................................... 18

5.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 18

5.5.2 Ropes ................................................................................................................................................................ 19

5.5.3 Winches ........................................................................................................................................................... 19

5.5.4 Designs of blocks, drums, traction sheave .......................................................................................... 20

5.5.5 Brake................................................................................................................................................................. 20

5.6 Carriage ........................................................................................................................................................... 21

5.6.1 Derailing .......................................................................................................................................................... 21

5.6.2 Stopping devices ........................................................................................................................................... 21

5.6.3 Carriage clamp .............................................................................................................................................. 21

5.6.4 Drums and pulleys ....................................................................................................................................... 21

5.6.5 Load balance .................................................................................................................................................. 21

5.6.6 Diameter of pulley and roller .................................................................................................................. 21

5.7 Hydraulic system .......................................................................................................................................... 21

5.8 Limiting and indicating devices .............................................................................................................. 22

5.8.1 Load limiter .................................................................................................................................................... 22

5.8.2 Motion limiters ............................................................................................................................................. 22

5.8.3 Speed limiters ................................................................................................................................................ 22

5.8.4 Acoustic /visual warnings ......................................................................................................................... 22

5.9 Controls ............................................................................................................................................................ 22

5.9.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 22

5.9.2 Emergency devices against uncontrolled 'carriage' downhill movement ............................... 23

5.9.3 Symbols ............................................................................................................................................................ 23

5.10 Control stations ............................................................................................................................................. 23

5.10.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 23

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5.10.2 Operator cabin ............................................................................................................................................... 23

5.10.3 Ground control .............................................................................................................................................. 24

5.10.4 Controls for setting up ................................................................................................................................ 24

5.11 Platform and ladder ..................................................................................................................................... 24

5.11.1 Platform ........................................................................................................................................................... 24

5.11.2 Ladder ............................................................................................................................................................... 24

5.11.3 Strength and rigidity of components ..................................................................................................... 24

5.12 Electrical systems and related phenomena ........................................................................................ 25

5.13 Assembly of machine components ......................................................................................................... 25

5.13.1 Attachment to three point hitch system ............................................................................................... 25

5.13.2 Combination of components of different manufacturers .............................................................. 25

6 Verification of safety requirements and measures .......................................................................... 25

7 Information for use ...................................................................................................................................... 26

7.1 Mounting instructions................................................................................................................................. 26

7.1.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 26

7.1.2 Instructions for assembly .......................................................................................................................... 26

7.2 Markings .......................................................................................................................................................... 26

7.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 26

7.2.2 Manufacturer's plate ................................................................................................................................... 26

7.2.3 Installer's plate .............................................................................................................................................. 27

7.2.4 Load signs ........................................................................................................................................................ 27

7.2.5 Warnings .......................................................................................................................................................... 27

7.3 Operator's manual........................................................................................................................................ 28

Annex A (informative) Risk zone ........................................................................................................................... 30

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential

Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered ............................................... 32

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 33

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European foreword

This document (prEN 16517:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors

and machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA which is an integral part of this document.

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Introduction

Cable yarders in the context of this document are machines consisting of a yarder (including all

components), ropes (cables, lines) and a transporter system (carriage, rider block or butt rigg) where

the trees/logs/wooden biomass is hooked on to the transporter. The yarder is mounted on a chassis

(wheeled, tracked or sledge frame) and is designed for a quick change of location. In most cases the

logging operations change position on a 1-3 day frequency.

Typical operation for cable yarders is the close collaboration of mechanised components with workers;

in often rough terrain. Cable yarding includes a lot of manual work in very difficult terrain where the

weight of the tools and ropes has a direct impact on the operators ergonomic work load. Ergonomics

play therefore an important role in choosing adequate working coefficients for all elements. A review of

the relevant literature; historical experience and operation of cable yarders have indicated a wide range

of safety factors with a focus on 2,5 to 3 for the skyline and mainline.
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the

market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);

— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.)

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the

above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);

— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);

— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting

process of this document.

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events

are covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.

When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-

B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the

other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this

type-C standard.
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1 Scope

This European Standard gives safety requirements, and the means of verification, for the design and

construction of mobile yarders for logging of forest products and their mounting. It counts for all

logging operations with cable yarders both in sloped and flat terrain. In addition, it specifies the type of

information on safe working practices (including residual risks) meant to be provided by the

manufacturer.

It deals with the significant hazards (as listed in Table 1), hazardous situations and events relevant to

mobile yarders used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clauses 4

and 5).
It is not applicable to:
— rope splicing;
— ancillary loaders or cable cranes;
— cableways for material transport (other than wood); and
— skidder winches (skidding).

The specifications of cabin in this context are only relevant for the yarder or a yarder-loader

combination. The cabin and the chassis of the vehicle (prime mover), to which the yarder is mounted

are not part of this document.

The Document deals with all the significant hazards (as listed in Table 1), hazardous situations and

events relevant to mobile yarders when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse

reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clauses 4 and 5). This document is not applicable to

mobile yarders manufactured before the date of its publication.
2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are

indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 349:1993+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body

EN 12077-2:1998+A1:2008, Cranes safety - Requirements for health and safety - Part 2: Limiting and

indicating devices

EN 12385-1:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 1: General requirements

EN 12385-2:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification

EN 12385-3:2004+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 3: Information for use and maintenance

EN 12385-4:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting

applications

EN 12965:2003+A2:2009, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry - Power take-off (PTO)

drive shafts and their guards - Safety
EN 12999:2011+A1:2012, Cranes - Loader cranes
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EN 13001-3-1:2012+A1:2013, Cranes - General Design - Part 3-1: Limit States and proof competence of

steel structure
EN 13557:2003+A2:2008, Cranes - Controls and control stations
EN 13586:2004+A1:2008, Cranes - Access

EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements

(IEC 60204-1:2005)

EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 32: Requirements for

hoisting machines (IEC 60204-1:2006)

EN 61000-6-2:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-2: Generic standards – Immunity for

industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2:2005)

EN 61000-6-4:2007, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-4: Generic standards – Emission

standard for industrial environments(IEC 61000-6-4:2006)

EN ISO 3411:2007, Earth-moving machinery - Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator

space envelope (ISO 3411:2007)

EN ISO 3449:2008, Earth-moving machinery - Falling-object protective structures - Laboratory tests and

performance requirements (ISO 3449:2005)

EN ISO 4254-1:2015, Agricultural machinery – Safety – Part 1: General requirements (ISO 4254-1:2015)

EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their

components (ISO 4413:2010)

EN ISO 11850:2011, Machinery for forestry - General safety requirements (ISO 11850:2011)

EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk

reduction (ISO 12100:2010)

EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery – Safety-related parts of control systems – Part 1: General

principles of design (ISO 13849-1:2015)

EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery ― Emergency stop ― Principles for design (ISO 13850:2015)

EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by

upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)

ISO 730:2009+A1:2014, Agricultural wheeled tractors ― Rear-mounted three-point linkage ― Categories

1N, 1, 2N, 2, 3N, 3, 4N and 4

ISO 3600:2015, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment –

Operator’s manuals – Content and presentation

ISO 4309:2010, Cranes — Wire ropes — Care and maintenance, inspection and discard

ISO 6750:2005, Earth-moving machinery — Operator's manual — Content and format
ISO 7000:2014, Graphical symbols for use on equipment — Registered symbols
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ISO 8083:2006, Machinery for forestry — Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) — Laboratory tests

and performance requirements

ISO 8084:2003, Machinery for forestry — Operator protective structures — Laboratory tests and

performance requirements
ISO 16625:2013, Cranes and hoists — Selection of wire ropes, drums and sheaves
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the

following apply.
3.1
cableway

suspended cable used as an elevated rope along which a carriage can be pulled or moved

3.2
fixed skyline
skyline both ends are fixed (anchor or blocked drum)
3.3
live skyline

skyline anchored at one end of the cableway at the ‘tail’ end of which the cable length (and tension

force) is adjustable
3.4
running skyline

skyline moving along two lines which allows the logs/load to be kept close to the terrain profile

3.5
yarder

mobile or semi mobile unit that consists of a set of winch drums/pulley’s to operate lines for a

temporary cableway

Note 1 to entry: An ancillary carriage is pulled or moved by a cable (main line and/or haul back line) on the

suspended cable way which is used to bring the trees/logs/wooden biomass to the unloading zone. It can be

mounted on a sledge, behind or on a tractor, skidder or a truck.
3.6
tower yarder

yarder mounted to a vehicle or a trailer (prime mover) with integrated tower that can be tilted to

horizontal position or retracted for transport reasons
3.7
butt rig

system of swivels, chain-like links, shackles, and bull hooks connected between the mainline and the

haul back line

Note 1 to entry: Chokers are attached to the butt rig with choker hooks, (see 3.23).

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3.8
rider block

block running (riding) on the haul backline to lift the butt rig which is connected to the rider block with

a short strap or chain
3.9
carriage

wheeled equipment that moves along the carrier line (skyline) with components to transport and lift

loads (trees/logs/wooden biomass)

Note 1 to entry: Movement can be provided by the mainline, haul-backline or separate integral engine.

3.10
skyline
cable on which the carriage rides
Note 1 to entry: It is the top line in the system.
3.11
main line (haul-in line)

cable to pull the carriage directly to the yarder that can also be used for lifting, lowering and lateral

hauling of the load (log)
3.12
haul-back line

cable to pull the carriage away from the yarder that can also be used for lifting, lowering and lateral

hauling of the load (log)
Note 1 to entry: In high lead systems, it takes over the carrying function.
3.13
auxiliary line / slack-pulling line / setup-line

cable for additional functions – like lowering and lifting of other lines, activating clamps, switching

operations, activities to supply the setup – without carrying or retaining function

3.14
lift line

cable exclusively to lower, lift and lateral haul the load (trees/logs/wooden biomass)

3.15
guy line

fixed ropes to stabilise the yarder, the intermediate supports or spar trees under the applied loads

3.16
tensioning line
cable as component of a tensioning tool
3.17
skidding line
dutchman

cable (separate drive) to pull away the loads from the landing zone that can be used for lateral

positioning of the other lines on the area of operations
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3.18
mounting (straw)line

light weight cable (separate drive) exclusively for installation and dismantling purposes

3.19
transverse line
cross line
cable or chain to carry the block or support saddle
3.20
anchoring rope/chain

cable, belt, strop or chain to attach components to stumps, trees, plate and pin, earth anchors or rock

bolts
3.21
intermediate support line
line to keep intermediate supports in position
3.22
auxillary equipment
accessories which are subordinated
EXAMPLE Choker.
3.23
choker

equipment to bundle/concentrate the load constructed from either polypropylene rope, steel rope or

chain links
3.24
anchoring

system of cables, chains, belts and similar parts to setup, fix towers and supports in a stable position

3.25
automatically applied brake (fail-safe brake)

brake that applies when the control device is not actively held in the open position

3.26
control station
operator work station

position where the control units of the yarder/cable-winch and/or carriage are placed

3.27
stabilizer

mechanical parts to guarantee (sometimes in combination with guylines) to keep the tower yarder in

balance
3.28
load limiter
element to avoid overstepping of the maximum allowable force in ropes
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3.29
motion limiter
element to limit uncontrolled moves of the carriage or the load

Note 1 to entry: That is important for automatic controlled moves in order to avoid the driving into areas where

other activities need the attention of operators and hind them to take over the control of the movements

3.30
speed limiter
element to limit the speed of the carriage
3.31
uphill yarding
yarding system where the logs are pulled uphill

Note 1 to entry: If the inclination of the cableway is step enough, gravity is used to bring the carriage down to

the loading spots
3.32
downhill yarding
yarding system where the logs are moved downhill

Note 1 to entry: The traditional system had a sled winch at the uphill position and used gravity to move the

carriage with the load downhill. Modern tower yarders are positioned on the bottom, of the skyline. A haul back

line or self-propelled carriage is used to bring the carriage upward to the loading spot.

3.33
all-terrain yarding

yarding system for flat areas where the carriage have to be actively moved in both directions (in and

out)
3.34
standing skyline

system where the skyline is fixed on both ends, with the forces resulting of the pretension, the payload

and the position of the carriage (maximum in mid of the longest span)
3.35
living skyline

system where the skyline can be hauled in or out during operation, used to lead the logs hooked to the

carriage close to the terrain

Note 1 to entry: Part of the load is on the ground and therefore the payload is reduced.

3.36
running skyline

system where the skyline is installed as a loop with a winch on both ends, the rider block, carriage or a

simple butt rig being fixed between the skyline (mainline) and the haul back line

Note 1
...