SIST EN 62803:2016
(Main)Measurement Method of a Frequency Response of Optical-to-Electric Conversion Device in High-Frequency Radio on Fiber Systems (IEC 62803:2016)
Measurement Method of a Frequency Response of Optical-to-Electric Conversion Device in High-Frequency Radio on Fiber Systems (IEC 62803:2016)
This International Standard provides a method for measuring the frequency response of
optical-to-electric conversion devices in wireless communication and broadcasting systems.
The frequency range covered by this standard goes up to 100 GHz (practically limited up to
110 GHz by precise RF power measurement) and the wavelength band concerned is 0,8 μm to
2,0 μm.
Funksendeanlagen – Frequenzantwort eines optisch-elektrischen Wandlers in HF Rundfunk-über-Glasfaser-Übertragungssystemen – Messverfahren
Matériels émetteurs pour les radiocommunications - Réponse en fréquence des dispositifs de conversion optique-electrique dans des systèmes de transmission radio sur fibre haute fréquence - Méthode de mesure
L'IEC 62803:2016 fournit une méthode de mesure de la réponse en fréquence des dispositifs de conversion optique-électrique dans les systèmes de communication et de diffusion sans fil. La plage de fréquences couverte par la présente norme atteint 100 GHz (pratiquement limitée jusqu'à 110 GHz par un mesurage précis de la puissance RF) et la bande de longueurs d'onde concernée est comprise entre 0,8 μm et 2,0 μm.
Metoda za merjenje frekvenčne karakteristike naprave za optično-električno pretvorbo v visokofrekvenčnih sistemih radia po optičnih vlaknih (IEC 62803:2016)
Ta mednarodni standard podaja metodo za merjenje frekvenčne karakteristike naprav za optično-električno pretvorbo v brezžičnih komunikacijskih sistemih in sistemih za oddajanje. Frekvenčni razpon, ki ga zajema ta standard, obsega vrednosti do 100 GHz (v praksi je omejen do 110 GHz z natančno radiofrekvenčno meritvijo moči) in zadevni pas valovne dolžine je od 0,8 μm do 2 μm.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 62803:2016
01-december-2016
0HWRGD]DPHUMHQMHIUHNYHQþQHNDUDNWHULVWLNHQDSUDYH]DRSWLþQRHOHNWULþQR
SUHWYRUERYYLVRNRIUHNYHQþQLKVLVWHPLKUDGLDSRRSWLþQLKYODNQLK ,(&
Measurement Method of a Frequency Response of Optical-to-Electric Conversion Device
in High-Frequency Radio on Fiber Systems (IEC 62803:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62803:2016
ICS:
17.220.20 0HUMHQMHHOHNWULþQLKLQ Measurement of electrical
PDJQHWQLKYHOLþLQ and magnetic quantities
33.060.20 Sprejemna in oddajna Receiving and transmitting
oprema equipment
33.180.10 2SWLþQD YODNQDLQNDEOL Fibres and cables
SIST EN 62803:2016 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 62803:2016
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SIST EN 62803:2016
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62803
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2016
ICS 33.060.20
English Version
Transmitting equipment for radiocommunication - Frequency
response of optical-to-electric conversion device in high-
frequency radio over fibre systems - Measurement method
(IEC 62803:2016)
Matériels émetteurs pour les radiocommunications - Messverfahren einer Frequenzantwort eines optisch-
Réponse en fréquence des dispositifs de conversion elektrischen Wandlers in HF-Rundfunk-über-Glasfaser-
optique-electrique dans des systèmes de transmission radio Übertragungssystemen
sur fibre haute fréquence - Méthode de mesure (IEC 62803:2016)
(IEC 62803:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2016-08-16. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 62803:2016 E
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SIST EN 62803:2016
EN 62803:2016
European foreword
The text of document 103/147/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62803, prepared by IEC/TC 103
"Transmitting equipment for radiocommunication" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote
and approved by CENELEC as EN 62803:2016.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2017-05-16
• latest date by which the document has to be
implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2019-08-16
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62803:2016 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
2
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SIST EN 62803:2016
IEC 62803
®
Edition 1.0 2016-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Transmitting equipment for radiocommunication – Frequency response of
optical-to-electric conversion device in high-frequency radio over fibre
systems – Measurement method
Matériels émetteurs pour les radiocommunications – Réponse en fréquence des
dispositifs de conversion optique-electrique dans des systèmes de transmission
radio sur fibre haute fréquence – Méthode de mesure
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 33.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-3392-4
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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SIST EN 62803:2016
– 2 – IEC 62803:2016 © IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references. 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviations . 9
4 Optical-to-electrical (O/E) conversion device . 9
4.1 Photo diode (PD) . 9
4.1.1 General . 9
4.1.2 Component parts . 9
4.1.3 Structure . 9
4.1.4 Requirements for PD . 10
4.2 DFG device . 10
4.2.1 General . 10
4.2.2 Component parts . 10
4.2.3 Structure . 10
4.2.4 Requirements for DFG device . 10
5 Sampling for quality control . 11
5.1 Sampling. 11
5.2 Sampling frequency . 11
6 Measurement method of frequency response . 11
6.1 Circuit diagram . 11
6.2 Measurement condition . 12
6.2.1 Temperature and environment . 12
6.2.2 Warming up of measurement equipment . 12
6.3 Principle of measurement method . 12
6.4 Measurement procedure . 13
Annex A (normative) Power balanced two-tone signal generation by using a high
extinction-ratio MZM [2] . 15
Annex B (informative) Requirements for the optical amplifier with automatic level
control . 17
B.1 Introductory remark . 17
B.2 Block diagram . 17
B.2.1 Optical amplifier . 17
B.2.2 Automatic level control . 18
B.3 Function and capabilities . 18
B.4 Requirements . 19
B.4.1 Optical amplifier . 19
B.4.2 Automatic level control (ALC) . 20
Annex C (informative) Frequency-response measurement system and automatic level
control EDFA . 21
C.1 Frequency response measurement system for optical-to-electric conversion
devices with a two-tone generator . 21
C.2 Automatic level control EDFA (ALC-EDFA) . 22
Bibliography . 24
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IEC 62803:2016 © IEC 2016 – 3 –
Figure 1 – Definition of "conversion efficiency " . 8
Figure 2 – Optical-to-electrical conversion by photo diode . 10
Figure 3 – DFG device . 10
Figure 4 – Circuit diagram . 11
Figure B.1 – Block diagram of the optical amplifier . 17
Figure B.2 – Block diagram of the automatic level control . 18
Figure B.3 – Frequency characteristics . 19
Figure C.1 – System configuration for the frequency response measurement system . 21
Figure C.2 – ALC-EDFA system configuration. 22
Figure C.3 – Frequency response measurement examples . 23
Table C.1 – Typical specifications of the frequency response measurement system . 22
Table C.2 – Typical specifications of the ALC-EDFA system . 23
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
TRANSMITTING EQUIPMENT FOR RADIOCOMMUNICATION –
FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF OPTICAL-TO-ELECTRIC CONVERSION
DEVICE IN HIGH-FREQUENCY RADIO OVER FIBRE SYSTEMS –
MEASUREMENT METHOD
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses
arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
International Standard IEC 62803 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 103:
Transmitting equipment for radiocommunication.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
103/147/FDIS 103/148/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
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SIST EN 62803:2016
IEC 62803:2016 © IEC 2016 – 5 –
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
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INTRODUCTION
A variety of microwave-photonic devices are used in wireless communication and broadcasting
systems. A photo-receiver is an interface which converts an optical signal to an electronic signal.
This International Standard has been prepared to provide methods for evaluating and calibrating
high speed photo-receivers to be used in Radio over Fibre systems.
The method utilizes a Mach-Zehnder modulator for generating two-tone lightwaves as stimulus
signals, to provide simpler and easier methods than the conventional method utilizing a complex
two-laser system phase-locked with each other.
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed
that compliance with this document may involve the use of a patent concerning a calibration
method and device for light intensity measuring instrument, as it relates to Clause 6.
Related part Patent holder Patent number
Clause 6 National Institute of Information and JP 4753137B
Communications Technology
EP1956353A
US7864330B
IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right.
The holder of this patent right has assured the IEC that he/she is willing to negotiate licences
either free of charge or under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with
applicants throughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is
registered with IEC. Information may be obtained from:
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights other than those identified above. IEC shall not be held responsible for
identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO (www.iso.org/patents) and IEC (http://patents.iec.ch) maintain on-line data bases of
patents relevant to their standards. Users are encouraged to consult the data bases for the most
up to date information concerning patents.
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SIST EN 62803:2016
IEC 62803:2016 © IEC 2016 – 7 –
TRANSMITTING EQUIPMENT FOR RADIOCOMMUNICATION –
FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF OPTICAL-TO-ELECTRIC CONVERSION
DEVICE IN HIGH-FREQUENCY RADIO OVER FIBRE SYSTEMS –
MEASUREMENT METHOD
1 Scope
This International Standard provides a method for measuring the frequency response of
optical-to-electric conversion devices in wireless communication and broadcasting systems.
The frequency range covered by this standard goes up to 100 GHz (practically limited up to
110 GHz by precise RF power measurement) and the wavelength band concerned is 0,8 µm to
2,0 µm.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
conversion efficiency
ratio of the output current to the input optical power defined by
ΔI
out
k = (1)
ΔP
in
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
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ΔI
out
P (mW)
in
ΔP
in
IEC
Figure 1 – Definition of "conversion efficiency "
Note 2 to entry: Conversion efficiency k, which depends on modulating signal frequency,is often expressed in dB as
the ratio to the reference conversion efficiency of 1 (ampere per watt). It is well known, however, that dB has two
definitions. One is the optical conversion efficiency k [dB ] calculated from 10×log (∆I /∆P ), and the other is the
o o 10 out in
electrical conversion efficiency k [dB ] calculated from 20× log (∆I /∆P ). As for the conversion efficiency k, the
e e 10 out in
numerator is the amplitude of the electrical output signal, and the denominator is the power of optical input signal.
Therefore, both definitions of dB for conversion efficiency k and k are shown as follows:
o e
∆I
out
k = k [dB ] = 10 ∗log (2)
o o o 10
P
∆
in
∆I
out
k = k [dB ] = 20 ∗log (3)
e e e 10
∆P
in
3.1.2
two-tone lightwave
lightwave that contains two dominant spectral components whose power difference is relatively
small and frequency separation is stable
Note 1 to entry: Undesired spectral components are suppressed significantly. The measurement methods described
in this standard utilize a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) for two-tone signal generation, where the MZM is biased at
1
maximum or minimum transmission points (null or full bias) [1] . The suppression ratio of undesired components
depends on the on-off extinction ratio and chirp parameter of the MZM. By using active trimming, high extinction-ratio
and low chirp modulation can be achieved for ideal two-tone generation (see Annex A).
3.1.3
carrier-suppressed
situation when an MZM is biased at its minimum transmission point, the non-modulated carrier
lightwave transmitted through and the two arms of the MZM are cancelled with each other at the
output coupler
Note 1 to entry: The suppression ratio is related to how the two lightwaves in the two arms have the same power and
to their anti-phase at the output coupler.
____________
1
Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography.
I (mA)
out
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IEC 62803:2016 © IEC 2016 – 9 –
3.2 Abbreviations
AGC-EDFA Automatic gain controlled-EDF amplifier
ALC Automatic level control
DFG Difference frequency generation
DUT Device under test
E/O Electrical-to-optical
EDFA Er-doped fibre amplifier
FPGA Field programmable gate array
LD Laser diode.
MZM Mach-Zehnder modulator
O/E Optical-to-electrical
OMI Optical modulation index
PD Photo diode
PN Positive-negative
RF Radio frequency
RoF Radio over fibre
VOA Variable optical attenuator
4 Optical-to-electrical (O/E) conversion device
4.1 Photo diode (PD)
4.1.1 General
A PD has a positive-negative (PN) junction which can be illuminated by an optical signal. When
a photon is incident to the PN junction, an electron is excited and an electron-hole pair is
generated. The electron and hole drift to the opposite direction because of the built-in and
reverse-biased voltage at the PN junction, and can be used as an output electric current.
4.1.2 Component parts
The O/E conversion devices consist of basic parts as follows:
– PD;
– input fibre pigtail (where appropriate);
– input receptacle (where appropriate);
– output RF port (where appropriate);
– bias electrode (where appropriate);
– transimpedance amplifier (where appropriate);
– impedance matching resistor (where appropriate).
4.1.3 Structure
The structure consists of the following (see Figure 2):
– optical input: fibre pigtail or receptacle;
– RF output: coaxial connector, microstrip line, coplanar waveguide, antenna, etc.;
– options: bias electrode, transimpedance amplifier, impedance-matching resistor.
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Optical RF
input output
PD
power current
IEC
Figure 2 – Optical-to-electrical conversion by photo diode
4.1.4 Requirements for PD
4.1.4.1 General
This method is based on a heterodyne principle. Requirements for the PD of this measurement
method are as follows.
4.1.4.2 Material of PD
Main materials of the PDs should be Si, GaAs, and InGaAs.
4.2 DFG device
4.2.1 General
When two coherent lightwaves are incident to a DFG device fabricated from a second order
nonlinear optical material, an RF signal with the difference frequency between the incident
lightwaves is generated.
4.2.2 Component parts
The component parts are as follows:
– DFG device;
– input optical lens (where appropriate);
– output RF antenna (where appropriate).
4.2.3 Structure
See Figure 3.
Optical RF
DFG
input output
device
beam wave
IEC
Figure 3 – DFG device
4.2.4 Requirements for DFG device
4.2.4.1 General
This method is based on the heterodyne principle. Requirements for the DFG device of this
measurement method are as follows.
4.2.4.2 Material
The main substrate materials of the DFG device should be materials such as LiNbO , LiTaO ,
3 3
KH PO , PZT (Pb (Zr, Ti) O3), PLZT ((Pb, La) (Zr, Ti) O3), InP, GaAs, InGaAs, InAlAs, InGaAsP,
2 4
Chromophore containing polymer, etc., which realize second order, nonlinear optical effect.
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4.2.4.3 Device design
In general, the efficiency of the DFG is rather low. In order to enhance the conversion efficiency,
the device length tends to be long, and phase matching conditions must be satisfied. Moreover,
in order to avoid undesired RF wave radiation, an RF cavity or guiding structure is also required.
5 Sampling for quality control
5.1 Sampling
A statistically significant sampling plan shall be agreed upon by user and supplier. Sampled
devices shall be randomly selected and representative of production population, and shall
satisfy the quality assurance criteria using the proposed test methods.
5.2 Sampling frequency
Appropriate statistical methods shall be applied to determine adequate sample size and
acceptance criteria for the considered lot size. In the absence of more detailed statistical
analysis, the following sampling plan can be employed.
Sampling frequency for evaluation of frequency response: two units at least per manufacturing
lot.
6 Measurement method of frequency response
6.1 Circuit diagram
See Figure 4.
Point a
1 2 6 7 8 9 10
DC – 55 GHz
3 4 11
or
DC – 22,5 GHz
5 12
IEC
Key
1 Laser diode
7 Optical amplifier (optional)
2 MZM
8 Automatic level control (optional)
3 Bias tree
9 DUT
4 Microwave signal source (SC)
10 RF power meter or spectrum analyser
5 DC voltage source
11 Optical power meter (optional)
6 Optical band rejection filter (optional)
12 Personal computer
Figure 4 – Circuit diagram
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6.2 Measurement condition
6.2.1 Temperature and environment
The measurement should be carried out in a room at a temperature ranging from 5 °C to 35 °C.
If the operation temperature ranges of the measurement apparatuses are narrower than the
above range, the specifications of the measurement apparatuses should be followed. It is
desirable to control the measurement temperature within ±5 °C in order to suppress the
influence of temperature drift of measurement apparatuses to a minimum. The temperature of
the DUT can be changed using a temperature controller, as necessary.
6.2.2 Warming up of measurement equipment
The warming-up time shall be kept to typically 60 min, or the time written in the specifications of
the measurement equipment or systems.
6.3 Principle of measurement method
The method described here is based on the heterodyne principle. A two-tone lightwave
illuminates the DUT as a stimulus signal. The two-tone stimulus lightwave is generated by using
an MZM at null bias or an MZM at full bias with an optical band rejection filter. The average
powers of the input two-tone lightwave and that of the output monotone RF signal are measured,
and the conversion efficiency at the frequency is calculated from them. By changing the
frequency difference between the two tones, the frequency response of O/E conversion
efficiency of the DUT is obtained.
As is well known, an MZM optical output modulated by a monotone RF signal can be expressed
by
∞ ∞
2
i(ω t +φ )
n n
P = P
E = E e , ,P = [E ] , and ω = ω − ω (4)
opt n opt ∑ n
∑ n n RF n+1 n
n =∞ −∞
where P is the total average power, and ω is the angular frequency of the modulating RF
opt RF
signal that corresponds to the angular frequency difference between adjacent optical tones. As
an example, two-tone signal generation by an MZM with null-bias is described in 6.4. When
2 2 2
E = E >> E (n ≠ −1,+1) P ≅ E + E = 2E
, and (5)
−1 +1 n opt −1 +1 −1
an ideal well-balanced optical two-tone consisting of P (see 6.4) can be generated, where the
±1
following conditions should be satisfied:
a) suppression of optical carrier and higher order sidebands should be large enough;
b) frequency difference between the two desired components should be stable;
c) polarizations of the two spectral components should be well aligned;
d) power difference of the two spectral components should be small enough.
The instantaneous optical power P illuminating the PD is calculated as
opt
2
∞
i(ω t+φ ) i(ω t+φ ) i(ω t+φ )
−1 −1 +1 +1 n n
p = E e + E e + E e (n ≠ −1,+1)
opt −1 +1 n
∑
(6)
n=−∞
≅ P + P × cos(2ω t + φ)
opt opt RF
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SIST EN 62803:2016
IEC 6280
...
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