kSIST FprEN 17877:2023

Dynamic mixers and agitators - Definitions and hydraulic characterizations

This document defines the terms and definitions relating to the field of dynamic mixing and agitation. It covers the hydraulic characteristics of mixers and agitators. It is intended to contribute to mutual understanding of the various stakeholders in a mixing or agitation project: manufacturers, users, integrators, inspection agencies...
This document applies to mixing and agitation systems where there is at least one dominant liquid phase.
It does not apply to:
-   static mixers;
-   kneaders;
-   submersible mixers covered by ISO 21630;
-   aerators;
-   pumps.
Annex A lists the definitions by alphabetic order.

Dynamische Agitatoren - Definition und hydraulische Charakteristik

Dieses Dokument legt die Begriffe fest, die sich auf das Gebiet des dynamischen Rührens beziehen. Es behandelt die hydraulischen Eigenschaften von Agitatoren. Es soll zum gegenseitigen Verständnis der verschiedenen Beteiligten an einem Rührprojekt beitragen: z. B. Hersteller, Anwender, Integratoren, Prüfstellen.
Dieses Dokument ist anwendbar auf Rührsysteme mit mindestens einer dominanten Flüssigphase.
Es ist nicht anwendbar auf Folgende:
-   statische Mischer;
-   Kneter;
-   Tauchrührwerke, die in ISO 21630 behandelt werden;
-   Belüfter;
-   Pumpen.
In Anhang A werden die Begriffe in alphabetischer Reihenfolge aufgeführt.

Mélangeurs et agitateurs dynamiques - Définitions et caractéristiques hydrauliques

Le présent document définit les termes et définitions relatifs au domaine du mélange et de l’agitation dynamiques. Il couvre les caractéristiques hydrauliques des mélangeurs et agitateurs. Il vise à contribuer à la compréhension mutuelle des différentes parties prenantes dans un projet de mélange ou d’agitation : fabricants, utilisateurs, intégrateurs, organismes de contrôle...
Le présent document s’applique aux systèmes de mélange et d’agitation où il existe au moins une phase dominante liquide.
Il ne s’applique pas aux :
-   mélangeurs statiques ;
-   malaxeurs ;
-   mélangeurs immergés couverts par l'ISO 21630 ;
-   aérateurs ;
-   pompes.
L'Annexe A énumère les définitions par ordre alphabétique.

Dinamične mešalne naprave in mešala - Definicije in hidravlične karakteristike

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 27-Sep-2022
• ICS: 01.040.23 - Fluid systems and components for general use (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 23.100.99 - Other fluid power system components
• Technical Committee: I13 - Imaginarni 13
• Current Stage: 5020 - Formal vote (FV) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 19-Jul-2023
• Due Date: 06-Sep-2023
• Completion Date: 02-Aug-2023
• Ref Project: FprEN 17877 - Dynamic mixers and agitators - Definitions and hydraulic characterizations

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 17877:2022
01-september-2022
Dinamične mešalne naprave in mešala - Definicije in hidravlične karakteristike
Dynamic mixers and agitators - Definitions and hydraulic characterizations
Dynamische Agitatoren - Definition und hydraulische Charakteristik
Mélangeurs et agitateurs dynamiques - Définitions et caractéristiques hydrauliques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 17877
ICS:
01.040.23 Tekočinski sistemi in sestavni Fluid systems and
deli za splošno rabo (Slovarji) components for general use
(Vocabularies)
23.100.99 Drugi sestavni deli Other fluid power system
hidravličnih sistemov components
oSIST prEN 17877:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 17877:2022


DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 17877
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

July 2022
ICS 01.040.23; 23.100.99
English Version

Dynamic mixers and agitators - Definitions and hydraulic
characterizations
Mélangeurs et agitateurs dynamiques - Définitions et Dynamische Agitatoren - Definition und hydraulische
caractéristiques hydrauliques Charakteristik
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 458.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 17877:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
3.1 Basic mixing operations . 5
3.2 Mixing parts . 6
3.3 Mixer types . 18
3.4 Impeller types . 22
3.5 Hydraulic data . 29
3.6 Mechanical data . 37
4 Symbols and associated formulae . 39
Annex A (informative) Alphabetical index . 44
Bibliography . 48

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European foreword
This document (prEN 17877:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 458 “Industrial
rotating mixing systems”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
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Introduction
Dynamic mixers and agitators are used mainly to set in motion one or more phases including at least one
liquid and maintain mixture conditions and/or to promote mass transfer and/or heat transfer.
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1 Scope
This document defines the terms and definitions relating to the field of dynamic mixing and agitation. It
covers the hydraulic characteristics of mixers and agitators. It is intended to contribute to mutual
understanding of the various stakeholders in a mixing or agitation project: manufacturers, users,
integrators, inspection agencies.
This document applies to mixing and agitation systems where there is at least one dominant liquid phase.
It does not apply to:
— static mixers;
— kneaders;
— submersible mixers covered by ISO 21630;
— aerators;
— pumps.
Annex A lists the definitions by alphabetic order.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1 Basic mixing operations
3.1.1
agitation
motion of one liquid using a rotational device in a tank
3.1.2
mixing
motion of one substance or more through a liquid using a rotational device in a tank
3.1.3
homogenization
blending miscible liquids
mixing two or more miscible liquids to generate one liquid phase using a mixing unit
3.1.4
dissolving
solute a soluble solid into a liquid using a mixing unit
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3.1.5
solid suspension
solid particles suspended in a liquid using a mixing unit
EXAMPLE flocculation, process drinking yoghurt, food and chemical applications
3.1.6
solid dispersion
small solid particles (powder) blended in a dominant liquid phase using a mixing unit
EXAMPLE dye in ink or cocoa in chocolate milk
3.1.7
emulsion
mixing of two or more immiscible liquids into each other using a mixing unit
Note 1 to entry: To prevent the liquids from separating out, a third liquid called a surfactant, is added.
3.1.8
gas dispersion
diffusion of gas bubbles into a fluid using a mixing unit
3.1.9
heat transfer
circulation of fluids in tank to promote faster heating or cooling transmission to fluids using a mixing unit
3.1.10
fermentation
process where the bacteria is used to digest organic matter using a mixing unit which ameliorate the
contact between all the components
EXAMPLE yoghurt, cheese culture and sour cream in dairy applications
3.2 Mixing parts
3.2.1
mixing unit
mixing system
unit consisting of a mixer and a tank including all necessary accessories to provide the mixing of gas,
liquid, paste or powder into the liquid continuous phase
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1.
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Key
1 mixer
2 tank
3 baffle
Figure 1 — Principle of a mixing unit
3.2.2
mixer
agitator
equipment for moving at least one liquid in a delimited tank
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2.
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Key
1 drive head
2 shaft
3 impeller
Figure 2 — Example of a mixer
3.2.3
drive head
unit consisting of all parts outside of the vessel including at least a drive unit (3.2.4)
Note 1 to entry: If no coupling (Figure 3, key 6) the drive shaft is used as the mixer shaft.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 3.
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a) 2D view b) 3D view
Key
1 drive unit
2 lantern
3 drive shaft
4 mixer seal
5 base flange (or mounting flange)
6 coupling between the drive shaft and the mixer shaft
Figure 3 — Example of a drive head
3.2.4
drive unit
component(s) which rotate(s) the mixer shaft
3.2.5
lantern
housing(s) between the drive unit and the base flange which contain(s) the mixer seal and/or a bearing
and/or shaft connecting parts
Note 1 to entry: The lantern can include a bearing device.
3.2.6
drive shaft
part of the shaft located in the drive head and designed to transfer the torque from the drive unit to the
mixer shaft
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3.2.7
mixer seal
seal device that separates the inside and outside the tank and/or prevents substance entering and/or
leaving the tank
Note 1 to entry: A shaft seal can be e.g. a lip seal, a labyrinth seal, a mechanical seal, a stuffing box, an hermetic
seal (e.g. magnetic coupling).
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 4.

Key
1 mixer shaft
2 seal
3 base flange
4 seal, base flange
a) Lip seal

Key
1 mixer shaft
2 seal, rotating part
3 seal, stationary part
4 spring
5 base flange
6 seal, base flange
b) Single mechanical seal
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Key
1 mixer shaft
2 seal
3 base flange
c) Labyrinth seal
Figure 4 — Some types of seals
3.2.8
base flange
mounting flange
mixer flange
connecting plate between the mixer and the tank which holds the drive head
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 5.
3.2.9
shaft suspension piece
device that allows an easily maintaining of mixer seal and which is preventing mixer shaft from sliding
down when axial look is released
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 5.
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Key
1 drive shaft
2 base flange
3 shaft suspension piece
4 mixer shaft
Figure 5 — shaft suspension piece
3.2.10
mixer shaft
part of the shaft located in the tank and designed to support the impeller
Note 1 to entry: With only one single shaft, the mixer shaft is used as drive shaft (see Figure 3, key 6).
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 6.
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a) 2D view b) 3D view
Key
1 impeller
2 mixer shaft
Figure 6 — Example of a mixer shaft with impellers
3.2.11
impeller
mixer element that moves the mixed media
Note 1 to entry: There are different types of impellers such as propellers, anchors, ribbons, turbines. Most
frequently, impellers are fitted with blades (from 2 to 6).
3.2.12
in tank bearing
in tank device where the mixer shaft is guided, can be bushing or roller/ball bearing
Note 1 to entry: When an in tank bearing is located at least above the lowest impeller it is called an intermediate
bearing (see Figure 7).
Note 2 to entry: When an in tank bearing is located at the bottom of the tank it is called a bottom bearing (see
Figures 8 and 9).
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Key
1 mixer shaft
2 wearing sleeve
3 bushing
4 support structure
Figure 7 — Example of intermediate bearing
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Key
1 mixer shaft
2 wearing sleeve
3 support structure
4 support structure
5 bushing
a) Example 1 of a bottom bearing schematic drawing

Key
1 screw
2 O-rings
3 bushing
4 support structure
5 mixer shaft
b) Example 2 of a bottom bearing schematic drawing
Figure 8 — Bottom bearing — Schematic drawings
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a) 2D view b) 3D view
Figure 9 — Example of bottom bearing
3.2.13
deflection limiter ring
guide ring
safety device, immersed in the liquid, located at the end or along of mixer shaft and intended to limit the
shaft deflection without any contact with the mixer shaft under normal operating conditions and avoid
overstress
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 10.

Key
1 mixer shaft
2 support structure
3 deflection limiter ring
4 support structure
Figure 10 — Example of deflection limiter ring
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3.2.14
baffle
static element fixed to the tank wall
Note 1 to entry: A baffle is used to change the flow direction in a tank and/or to prevent the liquid from swirling
and vortexing also called batch rotation.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 1, key 3.
3.2.15
plough
static construction at the tank wall used to direct the flow and/or prevent settling
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 11.

Key
1 plough
Figure 11 — Example of a plough
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3.3 Mixer types
3.3.1
bottom entry mixer
bottom mounted mixer
mixer located on tank bottom of which the axis can be slightly tilted to the vertical axis
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 12.


a) 2D view b) 3D view
Figure 12 — Example of a bottom entry mixer
3.3.2
side entry mixer
side mounted mixer
mixer fixed on the tank wall which could be angled
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 13.
Note 2 to entry: During the mixer use, the mixer shaft axis can be adjustable.
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Key
1 propeller
2 tank
3 mixer shaft
4 support structure
Figure 13 — Example of a side entry mixer
3.3.3
top entry mixer
cantilever mixer
top mounted mixer
mixer fixed on the top of the tank or support over the tank/basin with a vertical axis or slightly inclined
to the vertical line
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 14.
Note 2 to entry: The axis of the mixer can be guided by means of an intermediate bearing or a bottom bearing.
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Key
1 mixer
2 tank
3 mixer shaft
4 propeller
Figure 14 — Example of a top entry mixer
3.3.4
co-axial mixer
combined mixer with two mixer shafts on the same axis where one impeller is closer to the wall than the
other impeller and where the two impellers have two different rotation speed
Note 1 to entry: If the mixer shafts are rotating in the same direction a co-axial mixer is called a co-rotating mixer
otherwise it is called a contra-rotating mixer.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 15.
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a) 2D view b) 3D view
Figure 15 — Example of a co-axial mixer
3.3.5
rotor-stator
stator-rotor
mixing device consisting of a static element (stator) and a radial turbine or a pitched blade turbine (rotor)
Note 1 to entry: The rotor-stator is used to provide a high shearing in order to create an emulsion or a dispersion
of immiscible liquids.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 16.
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a) 2D view b) 3D view
Key
1 rotor
2 stator
Figure 16 — Example of a rotor-stator
3.4 Impeller types
3.4.1
anchor
impeller with two or more arms matching the wall shape and providing a tangential flow
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 17.
Note 2 to entry: Some anchors are fitted with a fixed device (scraper) closed to wall impeller, intended to scrape
the tank wall.
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Figure 17 — Examples of an anchor
3.4.2 Propeller types
3.4.2.1
propeller
impeller generating an axial flow with tilted blade with an angle less than 45° with the horizontal and
which profile shape is curved, twisted or folded
Note 1 to entry: The shape and characteristics of the propeller are determined according to the desired
application.
3.4.2.2
high efficiency propeller
hydrofoil propeller
impeller with blades specially designed to reduce significantly the absorbed power and keeping the same
flow rate of a marine propeller
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 18.

Figure 18 — Example of a hydrofoil impeller
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3.4.2.3
marine propeller
impeller for which blades are a portion of a helical screw with a pitch of one, providing axial flow
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 19.

Figure 19 — Example of marine propeller
3.4.2.4
double flow propeller
countercurrent impeller
propeller for which each tip is inversely tilted (twisted) to its central part
Note 1 to entry: For double-flow propeller, D > 0,9 T.
Note 2 to entry: See Figures 20 and 21.

Figure 20 — Example 1 of a double flow propeller
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Figure 21 — Example 2 of a double flow propeller
3.4.2.5
no-clog propeller
axial impellers designed to reduce clogging on blades
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 22.

Figure 22 — No-clog propeller
3.4.3
helical ribbon
helical propeller
propeller with one or more helical portions for which diameter is close to the tank wall
Note 1 to entry: The ribbon could be combined with an Archimedes screw located in the centre of the tank and
generating a flow which is contrary of the ribbon flow.
Note 2 to entry: See Figures 23 and 24.
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Figure 23 — Example of a helical ribbon

Figure 24 — Example of an Archimedes screw
3.4.4
pitched blade turbine
impeller with flat and inclined blades most often at 45° angle, generating an inlet axial flow and both axial
and radial outlet flows
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 25.
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Figure 25 — Example of a pitched blade turbine
3.4.5
radial turbine
impeller with blades that generate a centrifugal outlet radial flow
3.4.5.1
radial disk turbine
radial turbine with vertical blades fixed on a disk
Note 1 to entry: It is possible to have different number of blades and/or different shapes of blade.
3.4.5.2
Rushton turbine
radial disk turbine with 6 vertical flat blades
Note 1 to entry: The dimensions of a Ruston turbine can be found in literature. See [4].
Note 2 to entry: See Figure 26.

Figure 26 — Example of a Rushton turbine
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3.4.5.3
saw tooth turbine
high shear turbine
impeller with a disk shape that has teeth on its outer edge
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 27.

Figure 27 — Example of a saw tooth turbine
3.4.5.4
retreat curve impeller
radial turbine with vertical curved blades
Note 1 to entry: See Figure 28.

Figure 28 — Example of a retreat impeller
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