MT 12 - TC 77/SC 77B/MT 12

IEC 61000-4-2: 2025 relates to the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment subjected to static electricity discharges from operators directly and from personnel to adjacent objects. It additionally specifies ranges of test levels which relate to different environmental, and installation conditions and establishes test procedures. The objective of this document is to establish a common and reproducible basis for evaluating the performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electrostatic discharges. In addition, it includes electrostatic discharges which can occur from personnel to objects near the equipment. This document specifies:
- ideal waveform of the discharge current;
- range of test levels;
- test equipment;
- test setup;
- test procedure;
- calibration procedure;
- measurement uncertainty.
This document gives specifications for tests performed in laboratories and guidance to post-installation tests. This document is not intended to specify the tests to be applied to particular apparatus or systems. The main aim is to give a general basic reference to all concerned product committees. The product committees remain responsible for the appropriate choice of the tests and the severity level to be applied to their equipment. This document excludes tests intended to evaluate the ESD sensitivity of devices during handling and packaging. It is not intended for use in characterizing the performance of ESD protection circuit IEC Guide 107.
This document forms Part 4-2 of IEC 61000. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) added a calibration requirement for ESD generators with air discharge tip;
b) added a normative annex for test setups for particular kind of equipment (see Annex I);
c) added an informative annex for wearable devices (see Annex J);
d) added an informative annex on how to select test points and give guidance on how to specify the number of pulses for direct contact discharges (see Annex E);
e) moved Clause 9 into a new informative annex (see Annex K);
f) improvement of the current calibration procedure;
g) improvement of the measurement uncertainty considerations with examples of uncertainty budgets;
h) because post-installation tests cannot be performed in a controlled environment, this test method has been moved into a new informative Annex G.

IEC 61000-4-18: 2019 focuses on the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment, under operational conditions, with regard to:
a) repetitive slow damped oscillatory waves occurring mainly in power, control and signal cables installed in high voltage and medium voltage (HV/MV) substations;
b) repetitive fast damped oscillatory waves occurring mainly in power, control and signal cables installed in gas insulated substations (GIS) and in some cases also air insulated substations (AIS) or in any installation due to high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) phenomena.
The object of this document is to establish a common and reproducible reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to damped oscillatory waves on supply, signal, control and earth ports. The test method documented in this part of IEC 61000 describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon. NOTE As described in IEC Guide 107, this is a basic EMC publication for use by product committees of the IEC. As also stated in Guide 107, the IEC product committees are responsible for determining whether this immunity test standard is applied or not, and if applied, they are responsible for determining the appropriate test levels and performance criteria. The document defines:
test voltage and current waveforms;
ranges of test levels;
test equipment;
calibration and verification procedures of test equipment;
test setups;
test procedure.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2006 and its Amendment 1:2010. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of a mathematical modelling of damped oscillatory wave waveform;
b) new Annex B on measurement uncertainty;
c) addition high speed CDN;
d) addition of calibration procedures for CDNs;
e) addition of the use of the capacitive coupling clamp on interconnection lines for fast damped oscillatory waves;
f) addition of a test procedure for DC/DC converters in case the CDN does not work;
g) new Annex C on issues relating to powering EUTs having DC/DC converters at the input.
Keywords: immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment
The contents of the corrigendum of August 2019 have been included in this copy.

Applies to electronic direct a.c. converter systems with electrical energy storage means in the d.c. link. Ensures continuity of an alternating power source. Also includes the method of specifying all power switches that form integral parts of a UPS and are associated with its output. Included are interrupters, bypass switches, isolating switches, load transfer switches and tie switches. does not refer to cnventional mains distirbution boards, rectifier input switches or d.c. switches or UPS based on rotating machines. Defines a complete uninterruptible power system in terms of its performance and not individual UPS functional units.[
]The contents of the corrigendum of July 2003 have been included in this copy.

IEC 61000-4-12:2017 relates to the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment, under operational conditions, to ring waves occurring in low-voltage power, control and signal lines supplied by public and non-public networks.
The object of this document is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to ring waves. The test method documented in this part of IEC 61000 describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon.
It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of a mathematical modelling of ring wave waveform;
b) new Annex B on selection of generators and test levels;
c) new Annex C on explanatory notes;
d) new Annex D on measurement uncertainty;
e) addition of high speed CDN;
f) addition of a calibration procedure for CDN.

IEC 61000-4-9:2016 specifies the immunity requirements, test methods, and range of recommended test levels for equipment subjected to impulse magnetic disturbances mainly encountered in industrial installations, power plants, railway installations, and medium voltage and high voltage sub-stations. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1993 and Amendment 1:2000. This edition constitutes a technical revision.

IEC 61000-4-10:2016 specifies the immunity requirements, test methods, and range of recommended test levels for equipment subjected to damped oscillatory magnetic disturbances related to medium voltage and high voltage sub-stations. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1993 and Amendment 1:2000. This edition constitutes a technical revision.

IEC 61000-4-5:2014 relates to the immunity requirements, test methods, and range of recommended test levels for equipment with regard to unidirectional surges caused by over-voltages from switching and lightning transients. Several test levels are defined which relate to different environment and installation conditions. These requirements are developed for and are applicable to electrical and electronic equipment. The object of this standard is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to surges. The test method documented describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon. This standard defines a range of:
- test levels;
- test equipment;
- test setups; and
- test procedures. The task of the described laboratory test is to find the reaction of the equipment under test (EUT) under specified operational conditions to surge voltages caused by switching and lightning effects. It is not intended to test the capability of the EUT's insulation to withstand high-voltage stress. Direct injections of lightning currents, i.e. direct lightning strikes, are not considered in this standard. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2005, and constitutes a technical revision which includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- a new Annex E on mathematical modelling of surge waveforms;
- a new Annex F on measurement uncertainty;
- a new Annex G on method of calibration of impulse measuring systems; and
- a new Annex H on coupling/decoupling surges to lines rated above 200 A. Moreover while surge test for ports connected to outside telecommunication lines was addressed in 6.2 of the second edition (IEC 61000-4-5:2005), in this third edition (IEC 61000-4-5:2014) the normative Annex A is fully dedicated to this topic. In particular it gives the specifications of the 10/700 µs combined wave generator. Keywords: electromagnetic compatibility, EMC, TC77, SC77B

IEC 61000-4-4:2012 relates to the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment to repetitive electrical fast transients. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107. It gives immunity requirements and test procedures related to electrical fast transients/bursts. It additionally defines ranges of test levels and establishes test procedures. The object of this standard is to establish a common and reproducible reference in order to evaluate the immunity of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electrical fast transient/bursts on supply, signal, control and earth ports. The test method documented in this standard describes a consistent method to assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2004 and its amendment 1 (2010). It constitutes a technical revision which improves and clarifies simulator specifications, test criteria and test setups.

IEC 61000-4-2:2008 relates to the immunity requirements and test methods for electrical and electronic equipment subjected to static electricity discharges, from operators directly, and from personnel to adjacent objects. It additionally defines ranges of test levels which relate to different environmental and installation conditions and establishes test procedures. The object of IEC 61000-4-2:2008 is to establish a common and reproducible basis for evaluating the performance of electrical and electronic equipment when subjected to electrostatic discharges. In addition, it includes electrostatic discharges which may occur frompersonnel to objects near vital equipment. IEC 61000-4-2:2008 defines typical waveform of the discharge current, range of test levels, test equipment, test setup, test procedure, calibration procedure and measurement uncertainty. IEC 61000-4-2:2008 gives specifications for test performed in ;laboratories; and ;post-installation tests; performed on equipment in the final installation. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1995, its amendment 1 (1998) and its amendment 2 (2000) and constitutes a technical revision. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in accordance with IEC Guide 107. The main changes with respect to the first edition of this standard and its amendments are the following:
- the specifications of the target have been extended up to 4 GHz. An example of target matching these requirements is also provided;
- information on radiated fields from human-metal discharge and from ESD generators is provided;
- measurement uncertainty considerations with examples of uncertainty budgets are given too.