ISO/TC 192 - Gas turbines

This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design, materials of construction, modelling, controlling, fabrication, inspection, testing, installation, start-up and operation of industrial gas turbine (GT) exhaust systems with or without waste heat recovery unit (WHRU). Gas turbines can be on-shore or off-shore for such sectors as oil and gas, chemical and process industries, utilities, or other intensive energy users. For this document, the exhaust system means all items in the turbine exhaust gas stream between the GT exhaust gas collector outlet flange and the termination/s to the atmosphere. The following items are not covered by this document: — heat recovery steam generator equipment (HRSG); — supplementary fired systems; — auxiliary fired systems; — exhaust gas collector (also known as exhaust plenum); — fire detection and extinguishing systems; — emissions controls equipment intended to modify the gaseous composition of the exhaust gas; — WHRUs that are of the firetube type, where the turbine exhaust gas (TEG) passes through the tubes.

ISO 10494:2018 specifies methods for measuring the noise emission of a turbine or turbine set under steady-state operating conditions. It specifies methods for measuring the sound pressure levels on a measurement surface enveloping a source, and for calculating the sound power level produced by the source. It gives requirements for the test environment and instrumentation, as well as techniques for obtaining the surface sound pressure level from which the A-weighted sound power level of the source and octave or one-third-octave band sound power levels are calculated. These methods can be used to conduct performance tests even if the purpose of the test is simply to determine the sound pressure level around the machine. ISO 10494:2018 is applicable to turbines and turbine sets: - for power plant and industrial applications (e.g. stationary); - for installation on board ships, or offshore installations, road and railway vehicles. ISO 10494:2018 does not apply to gas turbines in aircraft applications. ISO 10494:2018 is applicable to only the part of the turbine set (turbine, driven equipment and attached components) located above the floor and inside a continuous enveloping measurement surface bounded by this floor. ISO 10494:2018 is applicable to steady-state operation and excludes transients such as start-up and shut-down, when the noise emission can be higher for short times. Under these conditions, this document does not apply.

ISO 18888:2017 specifies standard rules for preparing, conducting, evaluating and reporting thermal performance tests on combined cycle and cogeneration power plants driven by gas turbines for base and part load operation with or without supplementary firing. ISO 18888:2017 is applicable to - thermal performance tests for general information, - thermal acceptance tests for determining the performance of the combined cycle plant in relation to a contractual guarantee, and - comparative tests designed to check the performance differentials of the combined cycle and cogeneration power plants, for testing before and after modifications, upgrades or overhauls. It can be used to determine the following thermal performance test goals and expected values, under specific operating and reference conditions within defined test boundaries: - electrical power output; - heat rate or thermal efficiency; - process steam and/or district heat w/o generation of electrical power output by means of a steam turbine. ISO 18888:2017 does not apply to individual equipment component testing, which is covered by corresponding standards. It is not intended to be applied to the following test goals: - environmental testing for example emissions, noise; - vibration testing; - operational testing; - absolute or comparative performance of specific components of the combined cycle covered by dedicated standards (e.g. gas turbines).

ISO 19859:2016 specifies the minimum technical and documentation requirements for the evaluation and procurement of gas turbine systems for electrical power generation. It applies to simple cycle and combined cycle gas turbines for both onshore and offshore applications, where applicable. It also applies to gas turbines used in cogeneration (see ISO 11086:1996, Annex B). Testing of the gas turbine in combination with a generator is included in the scope. It is not applicable to gas turbines used for all types of propulsion including aircraft, mobile barges, floating production vessels and marine propulsion applications and microturbines. ISO 19859:2016 defines the requirements for gas turbine power generation from an international perspective based on the content of existing, recognized ISO and IEC standards to the greatest extent practical. Nonetheless, it is recognized that within the industry other codes or standards are used, some of which are included in the text of this International Standard. The use of other such codes and standards is permissible provided an appropriate and acceptable level of requirements, functional design and safety is achieved and agreement has been reached for their use between the Purchaser and Contractor and such use is suitably documented. Consideration should be given to applying/using standards in the following hierarchical order: international; regional; national; local. ISO 19859:2016 identifies the requirements for both the Purchaser and Contractor attributable to the design and procurement of a gas turbine power generation package. The defined requirements apply to the scope of supply, except where excluded, encompassing the following equipment and the associated selected options, located within the power generation package, (see 3.14), listed below: - gas turbine package; - load shaft coupling and clutch, as applicable; - air inlet system; - exhaust system; - fuel equipment; - control equipment; - electrical equipment; - additional auxiliary systems, including starting, lubrication, barring, compressor wash, pipework, drains and vents; - fire and gas protection; - cooling water equipment. Where applicable to the integrity of the gas turbine package, the interface and applicable design requirements are included for equipment, utilities and supplies that interface with the power generation package. The following equipment is excluded from the scope of supply, but references are included where required for interface or performance measurement: - generator and auxiliary systems, except the module control option; - steam turbine and auxiliary systems; - equipment external to the power generation package. Data sheets in Annex A of this International Standard are provided for defining requirements and exchanging information between the Purchaser and the Contractor. The Purchaser fills in the data sheets for the tender and forwards them to the Contractor. The Contractor responds by completing the applicable data sheets for their tender. Annex A identifies the different types of data sheets and how they are to be used. Where the Contractor does not comply with a selected requirement of this International Standard, this is detailed as an exception, referencing the applicable clause and describing the deviation and any alternatives available in a document listing all the exceptions taken. Where the text in this International Standard requests procedures and operating, maintenance and commissioning manual information or equipment that would require the disclosure/supply of proprietary information/equipment which the Contractor is not prepared to release, such exceptions are listed. Where this situation exists, the Contractor will be prepared to release appropriate personnel and equipment to undertake all the tasks that otherwise would be undertaken by the Purchaser. A bullet ● at the beginning of a paragraph in the text of this International Standard indicates an optiona

ISO 19372:2015 covers the safety requirements for industrial, commercial, and residential automated stationary microturbine (micro gas turbine) engine generator assemblies with an individual system or subsystem output rating with nominal supply voltages not exceeding 1 000 V for alternating current (A.C.) and not exceeding 1 500 V for direct current (D.C.), 500 kW per individual unit/subsystem or less that are intended for installation and use in ordinary and hazardous location using liquid or gaseous fuels and the safety related control and detection systems and essential auxiliaries for all types of open cycles, closed-cycle, and semi-closed (simple, combined, regenerative, reheat, etc.) used in onshore and offshore applications including floating production platforms.

ISO 26382:2010 describes the technical declarations for a cogeneration system (CGS) that simultaneously supplies electric power and heating and/or cooling, for planning, evaluation and procurement. It applies to the identification of investigation items for project evaluation, CGS evaluation, and primary information works for CGS procurement. It also specifies necessary check items in CGS planning, provides a procedure to obtain the satisfactory configuration of the CGS for each project, and includes a detailed process diagram of the key development steps.

This International Standard applies to open-cycle gas-turbine power plants using combustion systems supplied with gaseous and/or liquid fuels as well as closed-cycle and semi-closed-cycle gas-turbine power plants. It can also be applied to gas turbines in combined cycle power plants or in connection with other heat-recovery systems. In cases of gas turbines using free-piston gas generators or special heat sources (for example synthetic gas of chemical processes, blast furnace gas), this International Standard can be used as a basis but suitable modifications are necessary. Acceptance tests of gas turbines with emission control and/or power augmentation devices that are based on fluid injection and/or inlet air treatment are also covered by this International Standard and it is necessary that they be considered in the test procedure, provided that such systems are included in the contractual scope of the supply subject to testing. This International Standard does not apply to emission testing, noise testing, vibration testing, performance of specific components of the gas turbine, performance of power augmentation devices and auxiliary systems, such as air inlet cooling devices, fuel gas compressors, etc., conduct test work aiming at development and research, adequacy of essential protective devices, performance of the governing system and protective systems, and operating characteristics (starting characteristics, reliability testing, etc.).

ISO 21789:2009 covers the safety requirements for gas turbine applications using liquid or gaseous fuels and the safety-related control and detection systems and essential auxiliaries for all types of open cycles (simple, combined, regenerative, reheat, etc.) used in onshore and offshore applications including floating production platforms. It applies to driven machinery only where an integral part of the gas turbine (e.g. a gearbox integral to the gas turbine) or located within the gas turbine enclosure and forming part of the enclosure hazardous area classification (e.g. a generator within the gas turbine enclosure), or where the driven machinery has a direct effect on the operational safety of the gas turbine. It details the anticipated significant hazards associated with gas turbines and specifies the appropriate preventative measures and processes for reduction or elimination of these hazards. It addresses the risks of injury or death to humans and risks to the environment. Equipment damage without risk to humans or the environment is not covered. It excludes gas turbines used primarily for direct and indirect propulsion, special heat source applications and in research and development programmes. It also excludes gas turbines for closed-cycle and semi-closed cycle applications, and compressed-air energy storage plants. Where appropriate, it can be used to give general guidance in such applications. It is not applicable to machinery or safety components that were manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 19860:2005 applies to data-acquisition and trend-monitoring systems for gas turbine installations and associated systems. ISO 19860:2005 classifies and defines monitoring systems and their technical terms and establishes a system for conversion and validation of measured quantities in order to enable a comparison of the various systems, their features and their performances.

ISO 3977-3:2004 covers the design requirements for the procurement of all applications of gas turbines and gas turbine systems, including gas turbines for combined cycle systems and their auxiliaries, by a purchaser from a packager. It also provides assistance and technical information to be used in the procurement. It is not intended to deal with local or national legislative requirements with which the installation may be required to conform. ISO 3977-3:2004 is applicable to simple-cycle, combined-cycle and regenerative-cycle gas turbines working in open systems. It is not applicable to gas turbines used to propel aircraft, road construction and earth moving machines, agricultural and industrial types of tractors and road vehicles. In cases of gas turbines using special heat sources (for example, chemical process, nuclear reactors, furnace for a super-charged boiler), ISO 3977-3:2004 provides a basis.

This part of ISO 3977 states the principles for systems and procedures to assure the integrity of a packager's product and services. It gives guidance on the inspection, testing, installation and commissioning required for the package and packaged equipment. It outlines the responsibilities between the purchaser and packager for inspection, coordination, reporting and recording.

This part of ISO 3977 provides guidelines for procurement of gas turbines with consideration of the fuel quality and of the environmental performance. Guidance is given to both the packager and purchaser on what information should be provided with regard to the fuel used by a gas turbine, and with regard to the type of information necessary to quantify the expected environmental impact. Fuel specifications are referenced but not provided.

Establishes the monitoring programme and the requirements for the selection and operation of hardware to be used for continuous gas emission measurements. Monitores the concentration and absolute magnitude of specified emissions in the exhaust gas as well as related gaseous components. Requires that the following parameters be continuously monitored: emissions, diluent gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide), exhaust gas flow, fuel consumption and gas turbine performance.

Contains the methods used for the measurement and evaluation of the emission of the exhaust gases from gas turbines and defines appropriate emission terms. Presents requirements for the test environment and instrumentation as well as the accuracy of measurement and correction of data. Does not apply to gas turbines used in aircraft.

This part of ISO 3977 covers the design requirements for the procurement of all applications of gas turbines and gas turbine systems, including gas turbines for combined cycle systems and their auxiliaries, by a purchaser from a packager. It also provides assistance and technical information to be used in the procurement. It is not intended to deal with local or national legislative requirements with which the installation may be required to conform. This part of ISO 3977 is applicable to simple-cycle, combined-cycle and regenerative-cycle gas turbines working in open systems. It is not applicable to gas turbines used to propel aircraft, road construction and earth moving machines, agricultural and industrial types of tractors and road vehicles. In cases of gas turbines using special heat sources (for example, chemical process, nuclear reactors, furnace for a super-charged boiler), this part of ISO 3977 provides a basis.

This part of ISO 3977 specifies the information that needs to be submitted during the proposal and contract stages of a project for the entire scope of supply for which the packager will assume technical and contractual responsibility.

Specifies methods for measuring the sound pressure levels on a measurement surface enveloping a source, and for calculating the sound power level produced by the source. Gives requirements for the test environment and instrumentation, as well as techniques for obtaining the surface sound pressure level from which the A-weighted sound power level of the source and octave or one-third-octave band sound power levels are calculated. This method may be used to perform acceptance tests.

Specifies standard procedures and rules for the conduct and reporting of tests, defines standard conditions, applies to open cycle power plants and also includes closed cycle and semi-closed cycle power plants.